核心数据:合并添加到背景上下文中的子项很时髦

发布于 2024-10-02 08:04:19 字数 3049 浏览 4 评论 0原文

背景

  • 多线程核心数据应用程序

  • NSTreeController 和带有绑定的 NSOutlineView

  • 在后台上下文的 NSOperation 中创建子对象

  • 使用 mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification

Data Model

问题

  • 如果我将 20 个子级创建操作排队,一旦合并完成,我在大纲视图中只能看到大约 10-15 个子对象。

  • 如果我将最大并发操作设置为 1,它会完美运行,我会看到 20 个子级。

问题

我想做的事情是不可能的吗?我可以看到核心数据如何难以成功地进行合并。或者我的代码有问题?

代码

JGGroupController

 -(id)init {
     self = [super init];
     queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
     [queue setMaxConcurrentOperationCount:10]; // If this is 1, it works like a dream. Anything higher and it bombs.
     return self;
 }

 -(IBAction)addTrainingEntryChild:(id)sender {
     moc  = [[NSApp delegate] managedObjectContext];
     JGTrainingBase *groupToAddTo = [[tree selectedObjects] objectAtIndex:0];
     for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
         JGAddChildrenObjectOperation    *addOperation = [[JGAddChildrenObjectOperation alloc] init]; 
         [addOperation addChildObjectToGroup:[groupToAddTo objectID]];
         [queue addOperation:addOperation];
     }
 }

JGAddChildrenObjectOperation - NSOperation 子类

 -(id)addChildObjectToGroup:(NSManagedObjectID *)groupToAddToID_ {
     groupToAddToObjectID = groupToAddToID_;
     return self;
 }

 -(void)main {
     [self startOperation];
     JGTrainingBase *groupToAddTo    = (JGTrainingBase *)[imoc objectWithID:groupToAddToObjectID];
     JGTrainingBase *entryChildToAdd = [JGTrainingBase insertInManagedObjectContext:imoc];
     [groupToAddTo addChildren:[NSSet setWithObject:entryChildToAdd]];
     [imoc save];
 [self cleanup];
     [self finishOperation];
 }

 -(void)mergeChanges:(NSNotification *)notification {
     NSManagedObjectContext *mainContext = [[NSApp delegate] managedObjectContext];
     [mainContext performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:)
                                   withObject:notification
                                waitUntilDone:YES];  
 }


 -(void)startOperation {
            // Omitted - Manage isExecuting, isPaused, isFinished etc flags

     imoc = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
     [imoc setPersistentStoreCoordinator:[[NSApp delegate] persistentStoreCoordinator]];
     [imoc setUndoManager:nil];
     [imoc setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];
     [imoc setStalenessInterval:0];

     [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
                                              selector:@selector(mergeChanges:) 
                                                  name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification 
                                                object:imoc];
 }

 -(void)finishOperation {
            // Omitted - Manage isExecuting, isPaused, isFinished etc flags
 }

Background

  • Multi threaded Core Data application

  • NSTreeController and NSOutlineView with bindings

  • Creates children objects in an NSOperation on a background context

  • Merges into main context using mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification

Data Model

Problem

  • If I queue 20 children creation operations up, once the merges have completed, I see only about 10-15 child objects in the outline view.

  • If I set the max concurrent operations to 1, it works perfectly and I see 20 children.

Question

Is what I'm trying to do impossible? I can see how core data might struggle to do the merges successfully. Or is there an issue with my code?

Code

JGGroupController

 -(id)init {
     self = [super init];
     queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
     [queue setMaxConcurrentOperationCount:10]; // If this is 1, it works like a dream. Anything higher and it bombs.
     return self;
 }

 -(IBAction)addTrainingEntryChild:(id)sender {
     moc  = [[NSApp delegate] managedObjectContext];
     JGTrainingBase *groupToAddTo = [[tree selectedObjects] objectAtIndex:0];
     for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
         JGAddChildrenObjectOperation    *addOperation = [[JGAddChildrenObjectOperation alloc] init]; 
         [addOperation addChildObjectToGroup:[groupToAddTo objectID]];
         [queue addOperation:addOperation];
     }
 }

JGAddChildrenObjectOperation - NSOperation subclass

 -(id)addChildObjectToGroup:(NSManagedObjectID *)groupToAddToID_ {
     groupToAddToObjectID = groupToAddToID_;
     return self;
 }

 -(void)main {
     [self startOperation];
     JGTrainingBase *groupToAddTo    = (JGTrainingBase *)[imoc objectWithID:groupToAddToObjectID];
     JGTrainingBase *entryChildToAdd = [JGTrainingBase insertInManagedObjectContext:imoc];
     [groupToAddTo addChildren:[NSSet setWithObject:entryChildToAdd]];
     [imoc save];
 [self cleanup];
     [self finishOperation];
 }

 -(void)mergeChanges:(NSNotification *)notification {
     NSManagedObjectContext *mainContext = [[NSApp delegate] managedObjectContext];
     [mainContext performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:)
                                   withObject:notification
                                waitUntilDone:YES];  
 }


 -(void)startOperation {
            // Omitted - Manage isExecuting, isPaused, isFinished etc flags

     imoc = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
     [imoc setPersistentStoreCoordinator:[[NSApp delegate] persistentStoreCoordinator]];
     [imoc setUndoManager:nil];
     [imoc setMergePolicy:NSMergeByPropertyStoreTrumpMergePolicy];
     [imoc setStalenessInterval:0];

     [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
                                              selector:@selector(mergeChanges:) 
                                                  name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification 
                                                object:imoc];
 }

 -(void)finishOperation {
            // Omitted - Manage isExecuting, isPaused, isFinished etc flags
 }

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断念 2024-10-09 08:04:19

您的操作正在使用商店中实体的不同“版本”。考虑这样的操作顺序:

您创建 2 个操作,我们称它们为 O:F 和 O:G,它们将子项 F 和 G 添加到组 1,记为 G:1,其中包含子项集 [A,B,C, D,E]。

操作队列同时将 O:F 和 O:G 出列,因此它们都获取托管对象上下文和实体 G:1。

O:F 将 G:1 的子级设置为 [A,B,C,D,E,F]。
O:G 将 G:2 的子级设置为 [A,B,C,D,E,G]。

无论哪个操作获胜,您最终都会得到 [A,B,C,D,E,F] 或 [A,B,C,D,E,G],这两者都是错误的值商店。

我相信 CoreData 应该在其中一个线程中抛出乐观锁定错误,因为它的更改将已经过时。但我可能是错的。

最重要的是,您正在跨线程改变同一对象,而不同步对象的状态。不是创建 20 个操作,而是创建 1 个添加 20 个对象的操作,但您会遇到一个核心架构问题,即尝试在不同步的情况下从多个线程更改同一对象。

这样每次都会失败。

Your operations are using different "versions" of the entity from the store. Consider this order of operations:

You create 2 operations, let's call them O:F and O:G which are to add children F and G to group 1, noted as G:1 with a children entry set [A,B,C,D,E].

The operation queue dequeues O:F and O:G at the same time, thus they both fetch a managed object context and entity G:1.

O:F sets children of G:1 to [A,B,C,D,E,F].
O:G sets children of G:2 to [A,B,C,D,E,G].

It doesn't matter which operation wins, you will end up with either [A,B,C,D,E,F] or [A,B,C,D,E,G], both of which are incorrect values in the store.

I believe CoreData should be throwing an optimistic locking error in one of those threads though, as it's changes would be out of date. But I could be wrong.

The bottom line is you're mutating the same object across threads without synchronizing the state of the object. Instead of creating 20 operations create 1 operation which adds 20 objects, but you have a core architectural problem of trying to mutate the same object from multiple threads without synchronization.

That will fail every time.

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