多个 CRT:Visual Studio 2008 创建的 DLL 具有对 VC80 和 VC80 的明显依赖性。 VC90 CRT
我一直在研究为什么我们的 开放场景图 插件的调试版本无法正确加载(错误代码 14001, ERROR_SXS_CANT_GEN_ACTCTX)。经过多次谷歌搜索后,我发现问题在于,例如 freetype 调试 dll 有一个依赖于 VC90 和 VC80 调试 crt 的清单。
由于我使用 Visual Studio 2008(使用 cmake 生成)从头开始构建 DLL,因此我想不出对 VC80 调试 crt 的依赖性存在的任何原因。由于未安装 VS 2005,我没有任何调试 CRT,而且重新发布是非法的,所以我需要解决这个问题。
使用 dll 上的依赖项步行器,我找到的唯一 crt dll 是
- msvcr90d.dll
- msvcp90d.dll
- msvcrt.dll
此处没有引用任何 vc80 crt。那么它从何而来呢?
这是 dll 的清单。
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='yes'?>
<assembly xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1' manifestVersion='1.0'>
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges>
<requestedExecutionLevel level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false' />
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity type='win32' name='Microsoft.VC90.DebugCRT' version='9.0.21022.8' processorArchitecture='x86' publicKeyToken='1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b' />
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity type='win32' name='Microsoft.VC80.DebugCRT' version='8.0.50727.762' processorArchitecture='x86' publicKeyToken='1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b' />
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
</assembly>
附加信息:
链接器命令行:
/OUT:"osgdb_freetyped.dll"
/VERSION:0.0
/INCREMENTAL
/NOLOGO
/DLL
/MANIFEST
/MANIFESTFILE:"osgdb_freetype.dir\Debug\osgdb_freetyped.dll.intermediate.manifest"
/MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false'"
/DEBUG
/PDB:"osgdb_freetyped.pdb"
/DYNAMICBASE
/NXCOMPAT
/IMPLIB:"osgdb_freetyped.lib"
/ERRORREPORT:PROMPT
/STACK:10000000
/machine:I386
/debug
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib
shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib comdlg32.lib
advapi32.lib OpenThreadsd.lib osgd.lib osgDBd.lib osgUtild.lib
osgTextd.lib freetype235_D.lib glu32.lib opengl32.lib
osgDBd.lib osgd.lib OpenThreadsd.lib glu32.lib opengl32.lib
清单命令行:
/nologo
/out:".\osgdb_freetype.dir\Debug\osgdb_freetyped.dll.embed.manifest"
/notify_update
I've been looking into why the debug build of our open scene graph plugins can't be loaded correctly (error code 14001, ERROR_SXS_CANT_GEN_ACTCTX). After much googling I've found out that the problem is that e.g. the freetype debug dll has a manifest that depends on both VC90 and VC80 debug crts.
Since I built the DLL from scratch using visual studio 2008 (generated w/ cmake) I can't think of any reason why the depenency to VC80 debug crt is there. And since VS 2005 is not installed I don't have any debug CRTs for that, and it's illegal to redist, so I need to figure this out.
Using the dependency walker on the dll the only crt dlls I find are
- msvcr90d.dll
- msvcp90d.dll
- msvcrt.dll
No reference to any vc80 crts here. So where does that come from?
This is the manifest for the dll.
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='yes'?>
<assembly xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1' manifestVersion='1.0'>
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges>
<requestedExecutionLevel level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false' />
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity type='win32' name='Microsoft.VC90.DebugCRT' version='9.0.21022.8' processorArchitecture='x86' publicKeyToken='1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b' />
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity type='win32' name='Microsoft.VC80.DebugCRT' version='8.0.50727.762' processorArchitecture='x86' publicKeyToken='1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b' />
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
</assembly>
Additional info:
Linker command line:
/OUT:"osgdb_freetyped.dll"
/VERSION:0.0
/INCREMENTAL
/NOLOGO
/DLL
/MANIFEST
/MANIFESTFILE:"osgdb_freetype.dir\Debug\osgdb_freetyped.dll.intermediate.manifest"
/MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false'"
/DEBUG
/PDB:"osgdb_freetyped.pdb"
/DYNAMICBASE
/NXCOMPAT
/IMPLIB:"osgdb_freetyped.lib"
/ERRORREPORT:PROMPT
/STACK:10000000
/machine:I386
/debug
kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib
shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib comdlg32.lib
advapi32.lib OpenThreadsd.lib osgd.lib osgDBd.lib osgUtild.lib
osgTextd.lib freetype235_D.lib glu32.lib opengl32.lib
osgDBd.lib osgd.lib OpenThreadsd.lib glu32.lib opengl32.lib
Manifest command line:
/nologo
/out:".\osgdb_freetype.dir\Debug\osgdb_freetyped.dll.embed.manifest"
/notify_update
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编译 DLL 时,是否链接到任何静态库依赖项?这些可以在清单中引入 CRT 引用;我以前在链接使用不同版本的 VC 编译的 boost 库时遇到过问题。
编辑:清单依赖项基本上是由编译时包含的一些#pragma 发出的。即使代码链接,这些
#pragma
也会向您的清单添加内容。有关本机并行程序集(以及清单如何影响加载程序)的 Microsoft 文档为 此处。When compiling the DLL, are you linking to any static library dependencies? Those can bring in CRT references in the manifest; I've had problems before when linking in boost libraries that were compiled with a different version of VC.
EDIT: The manifest dependencies are basically emitted by some
#pragma
s that are included at compile time. Even though the code links, those#pragma
s will add stuff to your manifest. The Microsoft documentation for native side-by-side assemblies (and how the manifest affects the loader) is here.