如何在按列列出的网格中编写按字典顺序排序的列表？

Question

我有 Get-ChildItem 的结果，我想迭代这些结果并显示它们的名称。默认情况下，如果我只是使用 Write-Host ，那么我会像这样沿行列出它：

PerfLogs  Program Files  Program Files (x86)  Python31  Temp  Users  Windows

但是，假设我知道我希望将其拆分为 x 列，我希望输出如下所示：

PerfLogs                  Python31     Windows
Program Files             Temp
Program Files (x86)       Users

正如您所看到的，它首先将其沿列列出，然后再横向列出。

知道如何获得这样的输出吗？理想情况下，它会使用最多的列数，以适应屏幕的大小，并将名称与每列的左侧对齐。

更新：感谢 Roman，我现在可以使用目录颜色获得 Linux 风格的“ls”输出。构建他更新的脚本，我有：

function color-ls
{
    dir $args | Format-High -Print {    
        $item = $args
        $fore = $host.UI.RawUI.ForegroundColor        
        $host.UI.RawUI.ForegroundColor = .{     
            if ($item[1].psIsContainer) {'Blue'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(exe|bat|cmd|ps1|psm1|vbs|rb|reg|dll|o|lib)') {'Red'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(zip|tar|gz|rar)') {'Yellow'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(py|pl|cs|rb|h|cpp)') {'Cyan'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(txt|cfg|conf|ini|csv|log|xml)') {'Green'}
            else {$fore}
        }
        write-host $args[0] -NoNewLine
        $host.UI.RawUI.ForegroundColor = $fore
    }
}

输出：

http://dl.dropbox.com/u /2809/lscolor.png

Answer 1

这是一个有趣的想法和任务。

更新：更新的脚本包含一些修复和改进。它还允许以多种方式自定义输出。请参阅脚本注释中的示例。

脚本格式-High.ps1：

<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Formats input by columns using maximum suitable column number.

.DESCRIPTION
    Format-High prints the specified property, expression, or string
    representation of input objects filling the table by columns.

    It is named in contrast to Format-Wide which prints by rows.

.EXAMPLE
    # just items
    ls c:\windows | Format-High

    # ditto in colors based on PSIsContainer
    ls c:\windows | Format-High -Print {$c = if ($args[1].PSIsContainer) {'yellow'} else {'white'}; Write-Host $args[0] -ForegroundColor $c -NoNewline}

    # just processes, not good
    ps | Format-High

    # process names, much better
    ps | Format-High Name

    # custom expression and width
    ps | Format-High {$_.Name + ':' + $_.WS} 70

    # process names in colors based on working sets
    ps | Format-High Name 70 {$c = if ($args[1].WS -gt 10mb) {'red'} else {'green'}; Write-Host $args[0] -ForegroundColor $c -NoNewline}
#>

param
(
    [object]$Property,
    [int]$Width = $Host.UI.RawUI.WindowSize.Width - 1,
    [scriptblock]$Print = { Write-Host $args[0] -NoNewline },
    [object[]]$InputObject
)

# process the input, get strings to format
if ($InputObject -eq $null) { $InputObject = @($input) }
if ($Property -is [string]) { $strings = $InputObject | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $Property }
elseif ($Property -is [scriptblock]) { $strings = $InputObject | ForEach-Object $Property }
else { $strings = $InputObject }
$strings = @(foreach($_ in $strings) { "$_" })

# pass 1: find the maximum column number
$nbest = 1
$bestwidths = @($Width)
for($ncolumn = 2; ; ++$ncolumn) {
    $nrow = [Math]::Ceiling($strings.Count / $ncolumn)
    $widths = @(
        for($s = 0; $s -lt $strings.Count; $s += $nrow) {
            $e = [Math]::Min($strings.Count, $s + $nrow)
            ($strings[$s .. ($e - 1)] | Measure-Object -Maximum Length).Maximum + 1
        }
    )
    if (($widths | Measure-Object -Sum).Sum -gt $Width) {
        break
    }
    $bestwidths = $widths
    $nbest = $ncolumn
    if ($nrow -le 1) {
        break
    }
}

# pass 2: print strings
$nrow = [Math]::Ceiling($strings.Count / $nbest)
for($r = 0; $r -lt $nrow; ++$r) {
    for($c = 0; $c -lt $nbest; ++$c) {
        $i = $c * $nrow + $r
        if ($i -lt $strings.Count) {
            & $Print ($strings[$i].PadRight($bestwidths[$c])) $InputObject[$i]
        }
    }
    & $Print "`r`n"
}