使用常量作为 JavaScript 关联数组的索引
我希望在 JavaScript 中创建一个关联数组,但使用定义为类一部分的常量作为索引。
我想要这个的原因是这样类的用户可以使用常量(定义事件)来触发操作。
一些代码来说明:
STATE_NORMAL = 0;
STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED = 0;
this.curr_state = STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED;
this.state_machine = {
/* Prototype:
STATE_NAME: {
EVENT_NAME: {
"next_state": new_state_name,
"action": func
}
}
*/
STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED : { // I'd like this to be a constant
this.EVENT_NEW_TASK_ADDED_AJAX : {
"next_state": STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED,
"action" : function() {console.log("new task added");},
}
}
}
// Public data members.
// These define the various events that can happen.
this.EVENT_NEW_TASK_ADDED_AJAX = 0;
this.EVENT_NEW_TASK_ADDED_AJAX = 1;
我无法使其正常工作。我不太擅长 JavaScript,但看起来无论我做什么,数组都是用字符串而不是常量定义的。有没有办法强制数组使用常量?
I'm looking to create an associative array in JavaScript, but use constants defined as part of the class as indices.
The reason I want this is so that users of the class can use the constants (which define events) to trigger actions.
Some code to illustrate:
STATE_NORMAL = 0;
STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED = 0;
this.curr_state = STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED;
this.state_machine = {
/* Prototype:
STATE_NAME: {
EVENT_NAME: {
"next_state": new_state_name,
"action": func
}
}
*/
STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED : { // I'd like this to be a constant
this.EVENT_NEW_TASK_ADDED_AJAX : {
"next_state": STATE_NEW_TASK_ADDED,
"action" : function() {console.log("new task added");},
}
}
}
// Public data members.
// These define the various events that can happen.
this.EVENT_NEW_TASK_ADDED_AJAX = 0;
this.EVENT_NEW_TASK_ADDED_AJAX = 1;
I'm having trouble getting this to work. I'm not too great with JavaScript, but it looks like no matter what I do, the array gets defined with strings and not constants. Is there a way to force the array to use the constants?
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在 ECMAScript 6 中,您可以使用对象键的计算值:
这在 Internet Explorer 11 和 Safari 浏览器中不起作用:
https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/#test -object_literal_extensions_compulated_properties
In ECMAScript 6 you can use computed values for object keys:
This does not work in Internet Explorer 11 nor in Safari browsers:
https://kangax.github.io/compat-table/es6/#test-object_literal_extensions_computed_properties
请参阅 Kristian 的回答:ECMAScript 6 /modern JavaScript,它有新的语法来实现这一点。
以下是我的原始答案,来自前现代。
实际上,这里的问题是,当您字面上定义对象时,您不能使用关键部分的值。
也就是说,这使用了预期的常量值:
但这不会按预期工作,而是使用字符串
CONSTANT_A
作为键:JavaScript 有一个定义对象字面量的简写,您可以在其中省略键周围的双引号。无法使用表达式,因此不会计算
CONSTANT_A
。See Kristian's answer re: ECMAScript 6/modern JavaScript, which has new syntax to make this possible.
The below is my original answer, from the pre-modern age.
The problem here, actually, is that you can't use a value for the key part when you're defining an object literally.
That is to say, this uses the constant values as expected:
But this won't work as expected, instead using the string
CONSTANT_A
as key:JavaScript has a shorthand to define object literals where you can omit the double-quotes around keys. Expressions can't be used, so
CONSTANT_A
won't be evaluated.假设您有以下常量:
如果您这样声明字典:
请注意键是大写 ^ 因为 它没有使用常量的值。
如果您想使用常量的值作为键,您可以需要这样做:
注意键是小写的 ^ 因为它使用常量的值。
Let's say you have the following constants:
If you declare the dictionary this way:
Note the keys are uppercase ^ because it is not using the constant's value.
If you want to use the constant's value as key, you need to do this:
Note the keys are lowercase ^ because it is using the constant's value.