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在.NET中发送HTTP POST请求

发布于 2024-09-29 12:03:25 字数 111 浏览 4 评论 0原文

如何发出 HTTP POST 请求并发送正文中的数据？

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佞臣 2024-10-06 12:03:25

有多种方法可以执行 HTTP GET 和 POST 请求：

方法 A：HttpClient（首选）

适用于：.NET Framework 4.5+、.NET Standard 1.1+ 和 .NET Core 1.0+。

它是目前的首选方法，并且是异步且高性能的。在大多数情况下使用内置版本，但对于非常旧的平台，有一个 NuGet 包< /a>.

using System.Net.Http;

设置

建议实例化一个HttpClient 在您的应用程序的生命周期内并共享它，除非您有特定的理由不这样做。

private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

请参阅HttpClientFactory 用于依赖注入< /a> 解决方案。

发布

 var value = new Dictionary;
  {
      {“东西1”，“你好”}，
      {“事物2”，“世界”}
  };

  var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(值);

  var response = wait client.PostAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", content);

  var responseString =等待response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

获取

 var responseString = wait client.GetStringAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

方法 B：第三方库

RestSharp

发布

 var client = new RestClient("http://example.com");
   // client.Authenticator = new HttpBasicAuthenticator(用户名, 密码);
   var request = new RestRequest("资源/{id}");
   request.AddParameter("thing1", "Hello");
   request.AddParameter("thing2", "world");
   request.AddHeader("标头", "值");
   request.AddFile("文件", 路径);
   var 响应 = client.Post(请求);
   var 内容 = 响应.Content; // 原始内容作为字符串
   var response2 = client.Post(request);
   var name = response2.Data.Name;

Flurl.Http

这是一个较新的库，具有 < a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent_interface" rel="noreferrer">Fluent API，测试助手，在底层使用 HttpClient，并且是可移植的。它可以通过 NuGet 获得。

    using Flurl.Http;

发布

 var responseString = wait "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .PostUrlEncodedAsync(new { thing1 = "hello", thing2 = "world" })
      .ReceiveString();

GET

 var responseString = wait "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .GetStringAsync();

方法 C：HttpWebRequest（不建议用于新工作）

适用于：.NET Framework 1.1+、.NET Standard 2.0+、.NET Core 1.0+。在 .NET Core 中，它主要是为了兼容性——它包装了 HttpClient，性能较低，并且不会获得新功能。

using System.Net;
using System.Text;  // For class Encoding
using System.IO;    // For StreamReader

发布

 var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

  var postData = "thing1=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("hello");
      postData += "&thing2=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("world");
  var data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);

  请求方法 = "POST";
  request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
  请求.ContentLength = 数据.Length;

  使用 (var Stream = request.GetRequestStream())
  {
      流.Write(数据, 0, 数据.长度);
  }

  var 响应 = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();

获取

 var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

  var 响应 = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();

方法 D：WebClient（不建议用于新工作）

这是 HttpWebRequest 的包装。与 HttpClient 进行比较。

适用于：.NET Framework 1.1+、NET Standard 2.0+ 和 .NET Core 2.0+。

在某些情况下（.NET Framework 4.5-4.8），如果您需要同步执行 HTTP 请求，仍然可以使用 WebClient。

using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

发布

 使用 (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var 值 = new NameValueCollection();
      值[“thing1”] =“你好”;
      值[“thing2”] =“世界”；

      var response = client.UploadValues("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", value);

      var responseString = Encoding.Default.GetString(response);
  }

获取

 使用 (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var responseString = client.DownloadString("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  }

There are several ways to perform HTTP GET and POST requests:

Method A: HttpClient (Preferred)

Available in: .NET Framework 4.5+, .NET Standard 1.1+, and .NET Core 1.0+.

It is currently the preferred approach, and is asynchronous and high performance. Use the built-in version in most cases, but for very old platforms there is a NuGet package.

using System.Net.Http;

Setup

It is recommended to instantiate one HttpClient for your application's lifetime and share it unless you have a specific reason not to.

private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

See HttpClientFactory for a dependency injection solution.

POST

  var values = new Dictionary<string, string>
  {
      { "thing1", "hello" },
      { "thing2", "world" }
  };

  var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(values);

  var response = await client.PostAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", content);

  var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

GET

  var responseString = await client.GetStringAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

Method B: Third-Party Libraries

RestSharp

POST

   var client = new RestClient("http://example.com");
   // client.Authenticator = new HttpBasicAuthenticator(username, password);
   var request = new RestRequest("resource/{id}");
   request.AddParameter("thing1", "Hello");
   request.AddParameter("thing2", "world");
   request.AddHeader("header", "value");
   request.AddFile("file", path);
   var response = client.Post(request);
   var content = response.Content; // Raw content as string
   var response2 = client.Post<Person>(request);
   var name = response2.Data.Name;

Flurl.Http

It is a newer library sporting a fluent API, testing helpers, uses HttpClient under the hood, and is portable. It is available via NuGet.

    using Flurl.Http;

POST

  var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .PostUrlEncodedAsync(new { thing1 = "hello", thing2 = "world" })
      .ReceiveString();

GET

  var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .GetStringAsync();

Method C: HttpWebRequest (not recommended for new work)

Available in: .NET Framework 1.1+, .NET Standard 2.0+, .NET Core 1.0+. In .NET Core, it is mostly for compatibility -- it wraps HttpClient, is less performant, and won't get new features.

using System.Net;
using System.Text;  // For class Encoding
using System.IO;    // For StreamReader

POST

  var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

  var postData = "thing1=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("hello");
      postData += "&thing2=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("world");
  var data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);

  request.Method = "POST";
  request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
  request.ContentLength = data.Length;

  using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
  {
      stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
  }

  var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();

GET

  var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

  var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();

Method D: WebClient (Not recommended for new work)

This is a wrapper around HttpWebRequest. Compare with HttpClient.

Available in: .NET Framework 1.1+, NET Standard 2.0+, and .NET Core 2.0+.

In some circumstances (.NET Framework 4.5-4.8), if you need to do a HTTP request synchronously, WebClient can still be used.

using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

POST

  using (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var values = new NameValueCollection();
      values["thing1"] = "hello";
      values["thing2"] = "world";

      var response = client.UploadValues("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", values);

      var responseString = Encoding.Default.GetString(response);
  }

GET

  using (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var responseString = client.DownloadString("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  }

在.NET中发送HTTP POST请求

如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

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评论（17）

方法 A：HttpClient（首选）

设置

方法 B：第三方库

方法 C：HttpWebRequest（不建议用于新工作）

方法 D：WebClient（不建议用于新工作）

Method A: HttpClient (Preferred)

Setup

Method B: Third-Party Libraries

Method C: HttpWebRequest (not recommended for new work)

Method D: WebClient (Not recommended for new work)

c# .Net

c# .Net

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