我可以在常规 .NET 类中使用 Razor (或类似的),即获得某种字符串插值吗?

发布于 2024-09-29 05:14:32 字数 556 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我可以发誓我不久前看到过一些关于 C 语言不完美但有用的字符串插值方法的文章,但现在没有这样的运气。不过,Razor 或多或少可以满足我的需求。

假设您有一个带有票证的数据库客户端应用程序,并且每当创建票证、重要参数更改等时都会发送电子邮件通知。用户希望自定义这些通知电子邮件的措辞邮件,使用字符串插值最简单,即从字符串中访问 ticket 对象的各种属性,如下所示:

亲爱的@user

工单 @ticket.ID (@ticket.URL) 的优先级已从 @previousTicket.priority 更改为 @ currentTicket.priority.

我想要的是一种传递各种对象(在本例中为 useroldTicketticket)的方法,并让它评估string 并通过反射获取必要的属性。

I could've sworn I saw some articles a while ago about imperfect but useful string interpolation methods for C, but no such luck right now. However, there's Razor, which does more or less what I want.

Suppose you have a database client application with tickets, and e-mail notifications are to be sent whenever tickets get created, significant parameters change, etc. The user would like to customize the wording of those notification e-mails, which would be easiest using string interpolation, i.e. accessing various properties of the ticket object from within the string, like so:

Dear @user,

the ticket @ticket.ID (@ticket.URL) has changed in priority from @previousTicket.priority to @currentTicket.priority.

What I'd like is a method that I pass various objects (in this case user, oldTicket and ticket), and have it evaluate the string and get the necessary properties through reflection.

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评论(4

演出会有结束 2024-10-06 05:14:33

虽然我确信有很多引擎可以做到这一点,但我们选择了 Castle NVelocity,它做得非常好。

http://www.castleproject.org/others/nvelocity/usingit.html

它通过名称/值对接受数据,并通过模板运行它。它可用于在内存中生成各种文本输出。它支持包含、条件部分以及重复数据(例如订单上的行)。

最重要的是,它非常容易使用。

While I'm sure there's many engines out there that do this, we settled on Castle NVelocity, and it does it really well.

http://www.castleproject.org/others/nvelocity/usingit.html

It accepts the data via name/value pairs, and runs it through a template. It can be used for generating all kinds of textual output in memory. It supports includes, conditional sections, and also repeating data (eg. lines on an order).

Most importantly, it's damn easy to use.

毁我热情 2024-10-06 05:14:33

我没有看到这两个答案,所以我继续做了我自己的实现:

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace StringInterpolation {
    /// <summary>
    /// An object with an explicit, available-at-runtime name.
    /// </summary>
    public struct NamedObject {
        public string Name;
        public object Object;

        public NamedObject(string name, object obj) {
            Name = name;
            Object = obj;
        }
    }

    public static class StringInterpolation {
        /// <summary>
        /// Parses a string for basic Razor-like interpolation with explicitly passed objects.
        /// For example, pass a NamedObject user, and you can use @user and @user.SomeProperty in your string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="s">The string to be parsed.</param>
        /// <param name="objects">A NamedObject array for objects too allow for parsing.</param>
        public static string Interpolate(this string s, params NamedObject[] objects) {
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(s);

            List<NamedObject> namedObjects = new List<NamedObject>(objects);

            Dictionary<NamedObject, Dictionary<string, string>> objectsWithProperties = new Dictionary<NamedObject, Dictionary<string, string>>();

            foreach (NamedObject no in objects) {
                Dictionary<string, string> properties = new Dictionary<string, string>();

                foreach (System.Reflection.PropertyInfo pInfo in no.Object.GetType().GetProperties())
                    properties.Add(pInfo.Name, pInfo.GetValue(no.Object, new object[] { }).ToString());

                objectsWithProperties.Add(no, properties);
            }

            foreach (Match match in Regex.Matches(s, @"@(\w+)(\.(\w+))?")) {
                NamedObject no;
                no = namedObjects.Find(delegate(NamedObject n) { return n.Name == match.Groups[1].Value; });

                if (no.Name != null && match.Groups.Count == 4)
                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(match.Groups[3].Value))
                        s = s.Replace(match.Value, no.Object.ToString());
                    else {
                        Dictionary<string, string> properties = null;
                        string value;
                        objectsWithProperties.TryGetValue(no, out properties);

                        if (properties != null && properties.TryGetValue(match.Groups[3].Value, out value))
                            s = s.Replace(match.Value, value);
                    }

            }

            return s;
        }
    }
}

这是一个测试:

using StringInterpolation;

namespace StringInterpolationTest {
    class User {
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

    class Ticket {
        public string ID { get; set; }
        public string Priority { get; set; }
    }

    class Program {
        static void Main(string[] args) {
            User user = new User();
            user.Name = "Joe";
            Ticket previousTicket = new Ticket();
            previousTicket.ID = "1";
            previousTicket.Priority = "Low";
            Ticket currentTicket = new Ticket();
            currentTicket.ID = "1";
            currentTicket.Priority = "High";

            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("User: @user, Username: @user.Name, Previous ticket priority: @previousTicket.Priority, New priority: @currentTicket.Priority".Interpolate(
                new NamedObject("user", user),
                new NamedObject("previousTicket", previousTicket),
                new NamedObject("currentTicket", currentTicket)
            ));
        }
    }
}

它比 Albin 的变体多了很多代码,但不需要手动设置 ID(尽管它仍然需要您提前知道哪些对象要“导出”以进行潜在的插值)。

谢谢你们!

I hadn't seen the two answers, so I went ahead and did my own implementation:

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace StringInterpolation {
    /// <summary>
    /// An object with an explicit, available-at-runtime name.
    /// </summary>
    public struct NamedObject {
        public string Name;
        public object Object;

        public NamedObject(string name, object obj) {
            Name = name;
            Object = obj;
        }
    }

    public static class StringInterpolation {
        /// <summary>
        /// Parses a string for basic Razor-like interpolation with explicitly passed objects.
        /// For example, pass a NamedObject user, and you can use @user and @user.SomeProperty in your string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="s">The string to be parsed.</param>
        /// <param name="objects">A NamedObject array for objects too allow for parsing.</param>
        public static string Interpolate(this string s, params NamedObject[] objects) {
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(s);

            List<NamedObject> namedObjects = new List<NamedObject>(objects);

            Dictionary<NamedObject, Dictionary<string, string>> objectsWithProperties = new Dictionary<NamedObject, Dictionary<string, string>>();

            foreach (NamedObject no in objects) {
                Dictionary<string, string> properties = new Dictionary<string, string>();

                foreach (System.Reflection.PropertyInfo pInfo in no.Object.GetType().GetProperties())
                    properties.Add(pInfo.Name, pInfo.GetValue(no.Object, new object[] { }).ToString());

                objectsWithProperties.Add(no, properties);
            }

            foreach (Match match in Regex.Matches(s, @"@(\w+)(\.(\w+))?")) {
                NamedObject no;
                no = namedObjects.Find(delegate(NamedObject n) { return n.Name == match.Groups[1].Value; });

                if (no.Name != null && match.Groups.Count == 4)
                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(match.Groups[3].Value))
                        s = s.Replace(match.Value, no.Object.ToString());
                    else {
                        Dictionary<string, string> properties = null;
                        string value;
                        objectsWithProperties.TryGetValue(no, out properties);

                        if (properties != null && properties.TryGetValue(match.Groups[3].Value, out value))
                            s = s.Replace(match.Value, value);
                    }

            }

            return s;
        }
    }
}

And here's a test:

using StringInterpolation;

namespace StringInterpolationTest {
    class User {
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

    class Ticket {
        public string ID { get; set; }
        public string Priority { get; set; }
    }

    class Program {
        static void Main(string[] args) {
            User user = new User();
            user.Name = "Joe";
            Ticket previousTicket = new Ticket();
            previousTicket.ID = "1";
            previousTicket.Priority = "Low";
            Ticket currentTicket = new Ticket();
            currentTicket.ID = "1";
            currentTicket.Priority = "High";

            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("User: @user, Username: @user.Name, Previous ticket priority: @previousTicket.Priority, New priority: @currentTicket.Priority".Interpolate(
                new NamedObject("user", user),
                new NamedObject("previousTicket", previousTicket),
                new NamedObject("currentTicket", currentTicket)
            ));
        }
    }
}

It's quite a bit more code than Albin's variant, but doesn't require manually setting up IDs (though it still needs you to know ahead of time which objects to 'export' for potential interpolation).

Thanks guys!

冰雪之触 2024-10-06 05:14:32

您可以使用简单的替换步骤来实现简单的关键字替换功能。

只需将关键字替换为 {0}{1} 等,并在正确的位置使用带有正确参数的 string.Format 即可。

Dictionary<string, int> keywords = new Dictionary<string, int>();
keywords["@user"] = 0;
keywords["@ticket.ID"] = 1;
keywords["@ticket.URL"] = 2;
// etc...
string template = @"Dear @user,

the ticket @ticket.ID (@ticket.URL) has changed in priority from @previousTicket.priority to @currentTicket.priority.";

string replacedTemplate = template;
foreach (var keyword in keywords)
{
    replacedTemplate = replacedTemplate.Replace(keyword.Key, "{" + keyword.Value + "}");
}
string formattedMessage = string.Format(replacedTemplate, userName, ticket.ID, ticket.URL); // corresponding to the dictionary

这假设您有明确定义且数量有限的关键字。

You can use a simple replacement step to achieve a simple keyword replacement functionality.

Just replace your keywords with {0}, {1}, etc and use string.Format with the right parameter in the right place.

Dictionary<string, int> keywords = new Dictionary<string, int>();
keywords["@user"] = 0;
keywords["@ticket.ID"] = 1;
keywords["@ticket.URL"] = 2;
// etc...
string template = @"Dear @user,

the ticket @ticket.ID (@ticket.URL) has changed in priority from @previousTicket.priority to @currentTicket.priority.";

string replacedTemplate = template;
foreach (var keyword in keywords)
{
    replacedTemplate = replacedTemplate.Replace(keyword.Key, "{" + keyword.Value + "}");
}
string formattedMessage = string.Format(replacedTemplate, userName, ticket.ID, ticket.URL); // corresponding to the dictionary

This assumes that you have a well defined and limited amount of keywords.

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