Android:GC 不尊重软引用?

发布于 2024-09-29 02:45:47 字数 496 浏览 0 评论 0原文

看来 Dalvik 的垃圾收集器不尊重 SoftReferences 并尽快删除它们,就像 WeakReferences 一样。我还不是 100% 确定,但尽管事实上仍然有大约 3MB 的可用内存,但在 LogCat 中看到“GC 释放了 bla-bla-bla 字节”后,我的 SoftReferences 被清除了。

另外,我在此处看到了 Mark Murphy 的评论:

除非它不起作用 Android,至少在 1.5 中 大体时间。我不知道GC是否 SoftReference 错误已得到修复。 SoftReferences 太快被 GC 了 这个错误。

这是真的吗?软引用不受尊重吗?

如何解决这个问题?

It seams that Dalvik's garbage collector doesn't respect SoftReferences and removes them as soon as possible, just like WeakReferences. I'm not 100% sure yet, but despite the fact that there is still ~3MB of free memory my SoftReferences get cleared after I see "GC freed bla-bla-bla bytes" in LogCat.

Also, I saw a comment by Mark Murphy here:

Except that it doesn't work on
Android, at least in the 1.5
timeframe. I have no idea if the GC
SoftReference bugs have been fixed.
SoftReferences get GC'd too soon with
this bug.

Is it true? Are SoftReferences not respected?

How to workaround this?

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评论(3

娇柔作态 2024-10-06 02:45:48

在没有收到答案后,我决定自己研究。我做了一个简单的测试来针对 SoftReferences 执行 GC。

public class TestSoftReference extends TestCase {

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_1() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(1);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_2() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(2);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_3() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(3);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_4() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(4);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_5() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(5);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_6() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(6);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_7() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(7);    }


    private static final int SR_COUNT = 1000;

    private void testGcWithSoftRefs(final int gc_count) {
        /* "Integer(i)" is a referrent. It is important to have it referenced
         * only from the SoftReference and from nothing else. */
        final ArrayList<SoftReference<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<SoftReference<Integer>>(SR_COUNT);
        for (int i = 0; i < SR_COUNT; ++i) {
            list.add(new SoftReference<Integer>(new Integer(i)));
        }

        /* Test */
        for (int i = 0; i < gc_count; ++i) {
            System.gc();

            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
            }
        }

        /* Check */
        int dead = 0;
        for (final SoftReference<Integer> ref : list) {
            if (ref.get() == null) {
                ++dead;
            }
        }
        assertEquals(0, dead);
    }
}

我的想法是,我很少运行相同的代码,每次都会增加软引用的压力(通过运行更多的 GC 遍)。

结果非常有趣:除了一次之外,所有运行都顺利通过!

On Android 1.5 device:
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_1()  FAILED!  AssertionFailedError: expected:0 but was:499
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_2()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_3()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_4()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_5()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_6()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_7()  passed


On Android 1.6 device:
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_1()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_2()  FAILED!  AssertionFailedError: expected:0 but was:499
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_3()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_4()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_5()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_6()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_7()  passed

On Android 2.2 device:
All pass.

这些测试结果是稳定的。我已经尝试了很多次,每次都是一样的。所以我相信这确实是垃圾收集器中的一个错误。

结论

因此,我们从中了解到...在代码中使用 SoftReferences 对于 Android 1.5-1.6 设备毫无意义。对于这些设备,您将无法获得您期望的行为。不过,我没有尝试 2.1。

After not receiving an answer I decided to make my own study. I've made a simple test to exercise the GC against SoftReferences.

public class TestSoftReference extends TestCase {

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_1() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(1);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_2() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(2);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_3() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(3);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_4() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(4);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_5() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(5);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_6() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(6);    }

    public void testSoftRefsAgainstGc_7() {        testGcWithSoftRefs(7);    }


    private static final int SR_COUNT = 1000;

    private void testGcWithSoftRefs(final int gc_count) {
        /* "Integer(i)" is a referrent. It is important to have it referenced
         * only from the SoftReference and from nothing else. */
        final ArrayList<SoftReference<Integer>> list = new ArrayList<SoftReference<Integer>>(SR_COUNT);
        for (int i = 0; i < SR_COUNT; ++i) {
            list.add(new SoftReference<Integer>(new Integer(i)));
        }

        /* Test */
        for (int i = 0; i < gc_count; ++i) {
            System.gc();

            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
            }
        }

        /* Check */
        int dead = 0;
        for (final SoftReference<Integer> ref : list) {
            if (ref.get() == null) {
                ++dead;
            }
        }
        assertEquals(0, dead);
    }
}

The idea is that I make few runs of the same code increasing stress on SoftReferences each time (by running more GC passes).

Results are pretty interesting: All runs pass just fine except for one!

On Android 1.5 device:
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_1()  FAILED!  AssertionFailedError: expected:0 but was:499
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_2()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_3()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_4()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_5()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_6()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_7()  passed


On Android 1.6 device:
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_1()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_2()  FAILED!  AssertionFailedError: expected:0 but was:499
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_3()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_4()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_5()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_6()  passed
testSoftRefsAgainstGc_7()  passed

On Android 2.2 device:
All pass.

These test results are stable. I've tried many times and every time it is the same. So I believe it is indeed a bug in garbage collector.

CONCLUSION

So, what we learn out of this... Using SoftReferences in your code is pointless for Android 1.5-1.6 devices. For these devices you will not get the behavior you expect. I didn't try for 2.1, however.

风透绣罗衣 2024-10-06 02:45:48

@JBM我已经在Nexus S(android4.2.2)上尝试过你的TestCase,所有测试都失败了。 android4.2.2上GC对SoftReference更加激进

@JBM I've tried your TestCase on Nexus S (android4.2.2), all tests are failed. GC is more aggressive against SoftReference on android4.2.2

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