在 C 中将 float +INF、-INF 和 NAN 转换为整数的结果是什么?

发布于 2024-09-29 02:27:55 字数 948 浏览 3 评论 0原文

是否有任何标准指定应该输出什么?

例如这段代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  float a = INFINITY;
  float b = -INFINITY;
  float c = NAN;

  printf("float %f %f %f\n", a, b, c); 
  printf("int %d %d %d\n", (int) a, (int) b, (int) c); 
  printf("uint %u %u %u\n", (unsigned int) a, (unsigned int) b, (unsigned int) c); 
  printf("lint %ld %ld %ld\n", (long int) a, (long int) b, (long int) b); 
  printf("luint %lu %lu %lu\n", (unsigned long int) a, (unsigned long int) b, (unsigned long int) c); 

  return 0;
}

在 gcc 版本 4.2.1(Apple Inc. build 5664)上编译 目标:i686-apple-darwin10

输出:

$ gcc test.c && ./a.out 
float inf -inf nan
int -2147483648 -2147483648 -2147483648
uint 0 0 0
lint -9223372036854775808 -9223372036854775808 -9223372036854775808
luint 0 9223372036854775808 9223372036854775808

这很奇怪。 (int)+inf < 0!?!

Does any standard specifies what should be the output?

For example this code:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  float a = INFINITY;
  float b = -INFINITY;
  float c = NAN;

  printf("float %f %f %f\n", a, b, c); 
  printf("int %d %d %d\n", (int) a, (int) b, (int) c); 
  printf("uint %u %u %u\n", (unsigned int) a, (unsigned int) b, (unsigned int) c); 
  printf("lint %ld %ld %ld\n", (long int) a, (long int) b, (long int) b); 
  printf("luint %lu %lu %lu\n", (unsigned long int) a, (unsigned long int) b, (unsigned long int) c); 

  return 0;
}

Compiled on gcc version 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664) Target: i686-apple-darwin10

Outputs:

$ gcc test.c && ./a.out 
float inf -inf nan
int -2147483648 -2147483648 -2147483648
uint 0 0 0
lint -9223372036854775808 -9223372036854775808 -9223372036854775808
luint 0 9223372036854775808 9223372036854775808

Which is quite weird. (int)+inf < 0 !?!

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评论(1

长亭外,古道边 2024-10-06 02:27:55

正如 Paul 所说,它是未定义的:

来自 §6.3.1.4:

6.3.1.4 实数浮点数和整数

当实浮点类型的有限值为
转换为整数类型 other
比_Bool小数部分为
被丢弃(即该值为
截断为零)。如果值
的积分部分不能是
由整数类型表示,
行为未定义。50)

无穷大不是有限的,并且整数部分不能用整数类型表示,因此它是未定义的。

As Paul said, it's undefined:

From §6.3.1.4:

6.3.1.4 Real floating and integer

When a finite value of real floating type is
converted to an integer type other
than _Bool, the fractional part is
discarded (i.e., the value is
truncated toward zero). If the value
of the integral part cannot be
represented by the integer type, the
behavior is undefined.50)

Infinity isn't finite, and the integral part can't be represented in an integral type, so it's undefined.

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