需要帮助优化查询

Question

我有两个表 - 第一个表中的 incomingtours(id,name) 和 incoming_tours_cities(id_parrent, id_city)

id 是唯一的，并且对于每个表第一个表中的唯一行有第二个表中的 id_city - s 列表（即第二个表中的 id_parrent 等于第一个表中的 id )

例如

incoming_tours

|--id--|------name-----|
|---1--|---first_tour--|
|---2--|--second_tour--|
|---3--|--thirth_tour--|
|---4--|--hourth_tour--|

incoming_tours_cities

|-id_parrent-|-id_city-|
|------1-----|---4-----|
|------1-----|---5-----|
|------1-----|---27----|
|------1-----|---74----|
|------2-----|---1-----|
|------2-----|---5-----|
........................

这意味着 first_tour 有城市列表 - ("4","5","27" ,"74")

AND second_tour 有城市列表 - ("1","5")

---

让我们假设我有两个值 - 4 和 74：

现在，我需要从第一个表中获取所有行，其中我的两个值都在城市列表中。即它必须只返回 first_tour （因为 4 和 74 在它的城市列表中）

所以，我编写了以下查询

SELECT t.name
FROM `incoming_tours` t
JOIN `incoming_tours_cities` tc0 ON tc0.id_parrent = t.id
AND tc0.id_city = '4'
JOIN `incoming_tours_cities` tc1 ON tc1.id_parrent = t.id
AND tc1.id_city = '74'

并且效果很好。

但我动态生成查询，当连接数量很大（大约 15）时，查询速度会变慢。

即当我尝试

SELECT t.name
FROM `incoming_tours` t
JOIN `incoming_tours_cities` tc0 ON tc0.id_parrent = t.id
AND tc0.id_city = '4'
JOIN `incoming_tours_cities` tc1 ON tc1.id_parrent = t.id
AND tc1.id_city = '74'
.........................................................
JOIN `incoming_tours_cities` tc15 ON tc15.id_parrent = t.id
AND tc15.id_city = 'some_value'

在 45s 内运行查询时（尽管我在表中设置了索引）

我能做什么来优化它？

非常感谢

Answer 1

SELECT t.name
FROM incoming_tours t INNER JOIN 
  ( SELECT id_parrent
    FROM incoming_tours_cities
    WHERE id IN (4, 74)
    GROUP BY id_parrent
    HAVING count(id_city) = 2) resultset 
  ON resultset.id_parrent = t.id

但您需要更改城市总数。

Answer 2

SELECT name
FROM (
      SELECT DISTINCT(incoming_tours.name) AS name,
             COUNT(incoming_tours_cities.id_city) AS c
      FROM incoming_tours
           JOIN incoming_tours_cities
                ON incoming_tours.id=incoming_tours_cities.id_parrent
      WHERE incoming_tours_cities.id_city IN(4,74)
            HAVING c=2
      ) t1;

您必须将 c=2 更改为您正在搜索的 id_city 计数，但由于您是动态生成查询，因此这应该不是问题。

Answer 3

我很确定这可行，但不太确定它是否是最佳的。

SELECT * FROM incoming_tours 
WHERE 
id IN (SELECT id_parrent FROM incoming_tours_cities WHERE id_city=4)
AND id IN (SELECT id_parrent FROM incoming_tours_cities WHERE id_city=74)
...
AND id IN (SELECT id_parrent FROM incoming_tours_cities WHERE id_city=some_value)

Answer 4

只是一个提示。
如果您在 WHERE 子句中使用 IN 运算符，则可以希望运算符 AND 的短路可以删除不必要的 JOIN在不遵守约束的游览执行期间。

Answer 5

执行该查询的方式似乎很奇怪，这里

SELECT t.name FROM `incoming_tours` as t WHERE t.id IN (SELECT id_parrent FROM `incoming_tours_cities` as tc WHERE tc.id_city IN ('4','74'));

我认为可以做到这一点，但未经测试...

编辑：向子查询添加表别名

Answer 6

我使用 CTE 编写了此查询，它在查询中包含测试数据。您需要修改它，以便它查询真实的表。不确定它在大型数据集上的表现如何......

Declare @numCities int = 2

;with incoming_tours(id, name) AS
(
    select 1, 'first_tour' union all
    select 2, 'second_tour' union all
    select 3, 'third_tour' union all
    select 4, 'fourth_tour' 
)
, incoming_tours_cities(id_parent, id_city) AS
(
    select 1, 4 union all 
    select 1, 5 union all 
    select 1, 27 union all 
    select 1, 74 union all 
    select 2, 1 union all 
    select 2, 5
)
, cityIds(id_city) AS
( 
    select 4
    union all select 5
    /* Add all city ids you need to check in this table */
)
, common_cities(id_city, tour_id, tour_name) AS
(
    select c.id_city,  it.id, it.name
    from cityIds C, Incoming_tours_cities tc, incoming_tours it
    where C.id_city = tc.id_city
    and tc.id_parent = it.id
)
, tours_with_all_cities(id_city) As
(
    select tour_id from common_cities 
    group by tour_id 
    having COUNT(id_city) = @numCities
)
select it.name from incoming_tours it, tours_with_all_cities tic
where it.id = tic.id_city