如何在 PostgreSQL 中生成虚拟表来生成日期序列？

发布于 2024-09-28 13:44:29 字数 630 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我想生成一个日期列表，希望与另一个表连接，但我不知道要使用什么语法，类似于：

SELECT dates.date, transactions.account_id, transactions.amount
  FROM (...) as dates
       LEFT JOIN transactions ON transactions.date = dates.date
 WHERE dates.date >= '2010-01-01' AND dates.date <= '2010-12-31'
 ORDER BY dates.date;

我想要日期，这样我就不必进一步处理数据客户端。我用它来显示与此类似的表格：

Account    2010-01-01    2010-01-02    2010-01-03    Balance
============================================================
Chase 123        +100           -20           -70        +10
Chase 231                       +13            -9         +4

原文

I'd like to generate a list of dates with the hopes of joining with another table, but I don't know what syntax to use, something similar to this:

SELECT dates.date, transactions.account_id, transactions.amount
  FROM (...) as dates
       LEFT JOIN transactions ON transactions.date = dates.date
 WHERE dates.date >= '2010-01-01' AND dates.date <= '2010-12-31'
 ORDER BY dates.date;

I want the dates so I don't have to further massage the data client-side. I'm using this to display a table similar to this:

Account    2010-01-01    2010-01-02    2010-01-03    Balance
============================================================
Chase 123        +100           -20           -70        +10
Chase 231                       +13            -9         +4

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几度春秋 2024-10-05 13:44:29

日期列表

使用 generate_series 函数获取数字列表您可以将其添加到日期中以获取日期列表：

SELECT CURRENT_DATE + s.a AS dates 
  FROM generate_series(0,14,7) as s(a);

结果：

dates
------------
2004-02-05
2004-02-12
2004-02-19

透视

问题的后一部分涉及透视结果集 - 将行数据转换为列数据。 PIVOT 和 UNPIVOT 是 ANSI，但我不认为它们目前受 PostgreSQL 支持< /a>.最一致支持的旋转查询方法是使用聚合函数：

   SELECT t.account,
          SUM(CASE WHEN t.date = '2010-01-01' THEN t.amount END) AS '2010-01-01',
          SUM(CASE WHEN t.date = '2010-01-02' THEN t.amount END) AS '2010-01-02',
          SUM(CASE WHEN t.date = '2010-01-03' THEN t.amount END) AS '2010-01-03',
          SUM(t.amount) AS Balance
     FROM (SELECT CURRENT_DATE + s.a AS dates 
             FROM generate_series(0,14,7) as s(a)) x
LEFT JOIN TRANSACTIONS y ON y.date = x.date
 GROUP BY t.account

动态列

...意味着动态 SQL。

List of Dates

Use the generate_series function to get a list of numbers that you can add to a date in order to get a list of dates:

SELECT CURRENT_DATE + s.a AS dates 
  FROM generate_series(0,14,7) as s(a);

Result:

dates
------------
2004-02-05
2004-02-12
2004-02-19

Pivoting

The latter part of your question deals with pivoting the result set -- converting row data into columnar data. PIVOT and UNPIVOT are ANSI, but I don't see them as supported by PostgreSQL currently. The most consistently supported means of pivoting a query is to use aggregate functions:

   SELECT t.account,
          SUM(CASE WHEN t.date = '2010-01-01' THEN t.amount END) AS '2010-01-01',
          SUM(CASE WHEN t.date = '2010-01-02' THEN t.amount END) AS '2010-01-02',
          SUM(CASE WHEN t.date = '2010-01-03' THEN t.amount END) AS '2010-01-03',
          SUM(t.amount) AS Balance
     FROM (SELECT CURRENT_DATE + s.a AS dates 
             FROM generate_series(0,14,7) as s(a)) x
LEFT JOIN TRANSACTIONS y ON y.date = x.date
 GROUP BY t.account