PHP文件生成CSV,如何正确输出文本

发布于 2024-09-28 05:18:13 字数 323 浏览 10 评论 0原文

目前我正在编写一个 PHP 脚本,用于从 MySQL 数据库中的条目输出 CSV 文件。我的问题在于如何正确输出值。 MySQL 数据库中的许多条目将包含逗号和引号,如果我只是简单地将它们打印到文件中,则会破坏 CSV 文件的格式。

我知道我可以用引号将文本引起来,但是包含引号的条目会弄乱文件的格式。

我的问题是,我能做些什么来防止这种情况发生?

另外,新行会影响文件的解释吗?

另外,我不想在 PHP 中使用 fputcsv 函数。我试图让 PHP 脚本输出文件的内容(带有适当的标头),而不是写入新文件。

提前致谢!

问候, 天球

Currently I am working on a PHP script to output a CSV file from entries in a MySQL database. My problem lies in how to correctly output the values. Many of the entries in the MySQL database will contain commas and quotes, which destroy the format of the CSV file if I just plainly print them out to the file.

I'm aware that I can surround the text in quotes, but the entries that contain quotes would mess up the format of the file.

My question is, what can I do to keep this from happening?

Also, do new lines affect the interpretation of the file?

In addition, I'd rather not use the fputcsv function in PHP. I'm attempting to make the PHP script output the contents of the file (with appropriate headers) rather than write to a new file.

Thanks in advance!

Regards,
celestialorb

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评论(3

浪菊怪哟 2024-10-05 05:18:13

我认为您对 fputcsv 的解雇可能还为时过早。在 fputcsv 手册的注释中,有一个示例,他们使用 fputcsv 输出到浏览器而不是文件。
http://php.net/manual/en/function.fputcsv.php

下面是该代码,加上一些标头,表明它确实提示用户下载 csv 文件。

$mydata = array(
 array('data11', 'data12', 'data13'),
 array('data21', 'data22', 'data23'),
 array('data31', 'data32', 'data23'));
header("Content-type: application/octet-stream");
header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"my-data.csv\"");
outputCSV($mydata);

function outputCSV($data) {
    $outstream = fopen("php://output", 'w');
    function __outputCSV(&$vals, $key, $filehandler) {
        fputcsv($filehandler, $vals, ';', '"');
    }
    array_walk($data, '__outputCSV', $outstream);
    fclose($outstream);
}

I think your dismissal of fputcsv might have been premature. In the comments of the fputcsv manual there's an example where they use fputcsv to output to the browser instead of a file.
http://php.net/manual/en/function.fputcsv.php

Here is that code, plus some headers to show that it does indeed prompt the user to download a csv file.

$mydata = array(
 array('data11', 'data12', 'data13'),
 array('data21', 'data22', 'data23'),
 array('data31', 'data32', 'data23'));
header("Content-type: application/octet-stream");
header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"my-data.csv\"");
outputCSV($mydata);

function outputCSV($data) {
    $outstream = fopen("php://output", 'w');
    function __outputCSV(&$vals, $key, $filehandler) {
        fputcsv($filehandler, $vals, ';', '"');
    }
    array_walk($data, '__outputCSV', $outstream);
    fclose($outstream);
}
凑诗 2024-10-05 05:18:13

该过程称为转义,大多数解析器(包括 PHP)使用反斜杠来转义字符:

"This string contains literal \"quotes\" denoted by backslashes"

您可以使用 addcslashes

// escape double-quotes
$string = addcslashes('this string contains "quotes"', '"');

echo $string; // 'this string contains \"quotes\"'

给定一个要用逗号分隔的数据数组,您可以执行以下操作:

// Escape all double-quotes
foreach ($data as $key => $value)
  $data[$key] = addcslashes($value, '"');

// Wrap each element in double quotes
echo '"' . implode('", "', $data), '"';

The process is called escaping, and most parsers (included PHP's) use the backslash to escape characters:

"This string contains literal \"quotes\" denoted by backslashes"

You can escape characters in a string with addcslashes:

// escape double-quotes
$string = addcslashes('this string contains "quotes"', '"');

echo $string; // 'this string contains \"quotes\"'

Given an array of data you want to separate by commas, you can do the following:

// Escape all double-quotes
foreach ($data as $key => $value)
  $data[$key] = addcslashes($value, '"');

// Wrap each element in double quotes
echo '"' . implode('", "', $data), '"';
那请放手 2024-10-05 05:18:13

我发现制表符分隔的值文件在这些情况下很有帮助。 TSV 不太容易受到数据中逗号等问题的影响。

I have found tab separated value files to be helpful in these situations. TSV is less susceptible to the issues with commas etc in your data.

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