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使用 preg_match 和 preg_replace

发布于 2024-09-27 00:43:57 字数 794 浏览 3 评论 0原文

我有两个字符串，例如：

http://localhost/web/

和

http://localhost/web/category/

有时会变成：

http:// localhost/web/2/、http://localhost/web/3/ 等...

和

http://localhost/web/category/2/< /code>、http://localhost/web/category/3/ 等...

我想进行验证并且：

如果链接是 http://localhost/web/ 它保持不变。

如果链接是 http://localhost/web/2/ 则变为 http://localhost/web/

如果链接是 http://localhost /web/category/ 它保持不变。

如果链接是 http://localhost/web/category/2/ 它会变成 http://localhost/web/category/

我想应该使用 <代码>preg_replace()和preg_match()。

我该怎么做呢？

谢谢。

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紫竹語嫣☆ 2024-10-04 00:43:57

以下是您需要的正则表达式：

(http:\/\/localhost\/)(web|web\/category)\/([\d]+)\/

对于 preg_replace 函数，您将需要一个替换语句，该语句将根据您的条件重写字符串：

'$1$2'

上面的替换语句本质上连接第一个捕获组（第一组括号，其计算值到 http://localhost/)，第二个捕获组为“web”或“web/category”。由于我们不关心最后一个捕获组（$3），因此我们不会将其添加到替换语句中；但是，我们可以，因为我们正在捕获它。如果你不想捕获它，请将这个“([\d]+)”替换为“[\d]+”。

以下是示例代码，它将模式与替换合并在一起，形成完整的 preg_replace 语句：

<?php

$pattern = '@(http:\/\/localhost\/)(web|web\/category)\/([\d]+)\/@i';

$subjects = array(
    'http://localhost/web/2/',
    'http://localhost/web/category/2/'
);

foreach ($subjects as $subject) {
    echo sprintf('Original: %s, Modified: %s', $subject, preg_replace($pattern, '$1$2', $subject)), PHP_EOL;
}

将上述代码放入文件中（例如：replace.php）并通过命令行运行它：

php replace.php

The following is the regular expression you will need:

(http:\/\/localhost\/)(web|web\/category)\/([\d]+)\/

For the preg_replace function, you will need a replacement statement which will re-write the string based on your criteria:

'$1$2'

The above replacement statement essentially concatenates the first capture group (first set of parens which evaluates to http://localhost/) with the second capture group of either 'web' or 'web/category'. Since we don't care about the last capture group ($3), we don't add it to the replacement statement; however, we could since we are capturing it. If you don't want to capture it, replace this "([\d]+)" with "[\d]+".

The following is sample code which incorporates the pattern with the replacement to form a full preg_replace statement:

<?php

$pattern = '@(http:\/\/localhost\/)(web|web\/category)\/([\d]+)\/@i';

$subjects = array(
    'http://localhost/web/2/',
    'http://localhost/web/category/2/'
);

foreach ($subjects as $subject) {
    echo sprintf('Original: %s, Modified: %s', $subject, preg_replace($pattern, '$1$2', $subject)), PHP_EOL;
}

Toss the above code into a file (for example: replace.php) and run it via the command-line: