如何创建触发器来记录多个表的插入、更新、删除的更改

发布于 2024-09-26 11:45:52 字数 295 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我的数据库中有两个表。稍后可能会增加。我想添加另一个表审计来跟踪对现有两个表的更改。我想跟踪对这些表中的任何一个进行的任何更改 AEdit 表结构为
身份证号
表_名称
字段名称
旧值
新值
修改者
Date_of_Modification

所以现在我想为两个表都有一个触发器,可以在插入、更新或删除我的任一表时触发该触发器。 当这个触发器被触发时,我想在审计中插入值。当我更新时,我想要旧值和新值。当插入时,我想要旧值作为空值,新值作为插入。当删除时,我想要旧值作为旧值现有值和删除后的新值。

I have two tables in my Database.This can increase later on.I want to add another table Audit to track changes to the existing two tables.I want to track any change done to any of these table
AUdit Table structure is
ID
Table_Name
Field_Name
Old_Value
New_Value
Modified_By
Date_of_Modification

SO now I want to have one trigger for both tables which can be fired on an insert,update or delete to either of my tables.
When this trigger is fired I want to insert values in Audit.When I'm updating I want the old value and new value.When inserting I want old value as nothing and new value as Inserted.When Deleting I want old value as the old existing value and new value as deleted.

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溺渁∝ 2024-10-03 11:45:52

我不太确定你的问题是什么。触发器可以使用 :OLD 和 :NEW 关键字,如下所示:

create trigger table1_trg
after insert or update or delete on table1
for each row
begin
   if :old.col1 is null and :new.col1 is not null
   or :old.col1 is not null and :new.col1 is null
   or :old.col1 != :new.col1 
   then
      insert into audit_table ...
   end if;

   -- Ditto for col2, col3, ...
end;

没有通用方法可以执行此操作,您必须为每一列编写代码。但是,您可以像这样封装逻辑:

procedure log_col_change
   ( p_table_name varchar2
   , p_column_name varchar2
   , p_old_val varchar2
   , p_new_val varchar2
   )
is
begin
   if p_old_val is null and p_new_val is not null
   or p_old_val is not null and p_new_val is null
   or p_old_val != p_new_val 
   then
      insert into audit_table ...
   end if;
end;

-- Overloaded version to handles DATE columns without losing time component
procedure log_col_change
   ( p_table_name varchar2
   , p_column_name varchar2
   , p_old_val date
   , p_new_val date
   )
is
begin
   log_col_change (p_table_name, p_column_name
                  , to_char(p_old_val,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
                  , to_char(p_new_val,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
                  );
end;

触发器是:

create trigger table1_trg
after insert or update or delete on table1
for each row
begin
   log_col_change ('MYTABLE', 'COL1', :old.col1, :new.col1);
   log_col_change ('MYTABLE', 'COL2', :old.col2, :new.col2);
   ... etc.
end;

注意 最佳实践是将过程放入包中。

I'm not quite sure what your question is. The triggers can use the :OLD and :NEW keywords like this:

create trigger table1_trg
after insert or update or delete on table1
for each row
begin
   if :old.col1 is null and :new.col1 is not null
   or :old.col1 is not null and :new.col1 is null
   or :old.col1 != :new.col1 
   then
      insert into audit_table ...
   end if;

   -- Ditto for col2, col3, ...
end;

There is no generic way to do this, you will have to have code for each column. However, you can encapsulate the logic like this:

procedure log_col_change
   ( p_table_name varchar2
   , p_column_name varchar2
   , p_old_val varchar2
   , p_new_val varchar2
   )
is
begin
   if p_old_val is null and p_new_val is not null
   or p_old_val is not null and p_new_val is null
   or p_old_val != p_new_val 
   then
      insert into audit_table ...
   end if;
end;

-- Overloaded version to handles DATE columns without losing time component
procedure log_col_change
   ( p_table_name varchar2
   , p_column_name varchar2
   , p_old_val date
   , p_new_val date
   )
is
begin
   log_col_change (p_table_name, p_column_name
                  , to_char(p_old_val,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
                  , to_char(p_new_val,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
                  );
end;

The trigger is then:

create trigger table1_trg
after insert or update or delete on table1
for each row
begin
   log_col_change ('MYTABLE', 'COL1', :old.col1, :new.col1);
   log_col_change ('MYTABLE', 'COL2', :old.col2, :new.col2);
   ... etc.
end;

NB Best practice would be to put the procedures into a package.

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