如何区分序列和映射

发布于 2024-09-26 03:31:24 字数 1090 浏览 7 评论 0原文

我想根据参数可能是类似地图的对象或类似序列的对象这一事实对参数执行操作。我知道没有任何策略对于类型检查来说是 100% 可靠的,但我正在寻找一个强大的解决方案。

基于这个答案,我知道如何确定某事是否是一个序列,我可以在检查对象是否是地图后进行此检查。

def ismap(arg):
   # How to implement this?

def isseq(arg):
   return hasattr(arg,"__iter__")

def operation(arg):
   if ismap(arg):
      # Do something with a dict-like object
   elif isseq(arg):
      # Do something with a sequence-like object
   else:
      # Do something else

因为序列可以看作是一个映射,其中键是整数,所以我应该尝试找到一个不是整数的键吗?或者也许我可以看看字符串表示形式?或者...?

更新

我选择了SilentGhost的答案,因为它看起来是最“正确”的答案,但根据我的需要,这是我最终实现的解决方案:

if hasattr(arg, 'keys') and hasattr(arg, '__getitem__'):
   # Do something with a map
elif hasattr(arg, '__iter__'):
   # Do something with a sequence/iterable
else:
   # Do something else

本质上,我不想依赖ABC,因为有许多自定义类的行为类似于序列和字典,但仍然没有扩展 python 集合 ABC(请参阅@Manoj 评论)。我认为键属性(由删除他/她的答案的人提到)对于映射来说是足够好的检查。

扩展序列和映射 ABC 的类也适用于此解决方案。

I would like to perform an operation on an argument based on the fact that it might be a map-like object or a sequence-like object. I understand that no strategy is going to be 100% reliable for type-like checking, but I'm looking for a robust solution.

Based on this answer, I know how to determine whether something is a sequence and I can do this check after checking if the object is a map.

def ismap(arg):
   # How to implement this?

def isseq(arg):
   return hasattr(arg,"__iter__")

def operation(arg):
   if ismap(arg):
      # Do something with a dict-like object
   elif isseq(arg):
      # Do something with a sequence-like object
   else:
      # Do something else

Because a sequence can be seen as a map where keys are integers, should I just try to find a key that is not an integer? Or maybe I could look at the string representation? or...?

UPDATE

I selected SilentGhost's answer because it looks like the most "correct" one, but for my needs, here is the solution I ended up implementing:

if hasattr(arg, 'keys') and hasattr(arg, '__getitem__'):
   # Do something with a map
elif hasattr(arg, '__iter__'):
   # Do something with a sequence/iterable
else:
   # Do something else

Essentially, I don't want to rely on an ABC because there are many custom classes that behave like sequences and dictionary but that still do not extend the python collections ABCs (see @Manoj comment). I thought the keys attribute (mentioned by someone who removed his/her answer) was a good enough check for mappings.

Classes extending the Sequence and Mapping ABCs will work with this solution as well.

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评论(2

刘备忘录 2024-10-03 03:31:25
>>> from collections import Mapping, Sequence
>>> isinstance('ac', Sequence)
True
>>> isinstance('ac', Mapping)
False
>>> isinstance({3:42}, Mapping)
True
>>> isinstance({3:42}, Sequence)
False

集合 抽象基类 (ABC)< /a>

>>> from collections import Mapping, Sequence
>>> isinstance('ac', Sequence)
True
>>> isinstance('ac', Mapping)
False
>>> isinstance({3:42}, Mapping)
True
>>> isinstance({3:42}, Sequence)
False

collections abstract base classes (ABCs)

木有鱼丸 2024-10-03 03:31:25

序列有一个实现 + 运算符的 __add__ 方法。映射没有这种方法,因为添加到映射需要键和值,而 + 运算符只有一个右侧。

所以你可以尝试:

def ismap(arg):
    return isseq(arg) and not hasattr(arg, "__add__")

Sequences have an __add__ method that implements the + operator. Maps do not have that method, since adding to a map requires both a key and a value, and the + operator only has one right-hand side.

So you may try:

def ismap(arg):
    return isseq(arg) and not hasattr(arg, "__add__")
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