从 Python 中的管道捕获的标准输出被截断

Question

我想捕获 dpkg --list | 的输出Ubuntu 10.04 上的 Python 2.6.5 中的 grep linux-image。

from subprocess import Popen 
from subprocess import PIPE

p1 = Popen(["dpkg", "--list"], stdout=PIPE)
p2 = Popen(["grep", "linux-image"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
stdout = p2.communicate()[0]

stdout 的内容是：

>>> print stdout
rc  linux-image-2. 2.6.31-14.48   Linux kernel image for version 2.6.31 on x86
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.32-22.36   Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.32-23.37   Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.32-24.43   Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.32-25.44   Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-ge 2.6.32.25.27   Generic Linux kernel image

但是，这与运行 dpkg --list | 不同。在 shell 中运行 grep linux-image：

cschol@blabla:~$ dpkg --list | grep linux-image
rc  linux-image-2.6.31-14-generic         2.6.31-14.48                                    Linux kernel image for version 2.6.31 on x86
ii  linux-image-2.6.32-22-generic         2.6.32-22.36                                    Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-2.6.32-23-generic         2.6.32-23.37                                    Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-2.6.32-24-generic         2.6.32-24.43                                    Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-2.6.32-25-generic         2.6.32-25.44                                    Linux kernel image for version 2.6.32 on x86
ii  linux-image-generic                   2.6.32.25.27                                    Generic Linux kernel image

查看第一行，可以看到 Python 中的输出被截断：

rc  linux-image-2. 2.6.31-14.48

而不是

rc  linux-image-2.6.31-14-generic         2.6.31-14.48

Why does it do that and is there a way to get just the same output in Python?

Answer 1

import subprocess
p1 = subprocess.Popen(["dpkg", "--list"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env={'LANG':'C'})
p2 = subprocess.Popen(["grep", "linux-image"], stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
out,err=p2.communicate()
print(out)

dpkg 命令的输出取决于 LANG 环境变量的值。
在 subprocess.Popen 中设置 LANG=C 将使 dpkg 的输出更像您从终端看到的内容。

Answer 2

不需要使用 grep ！

import subprocess
p1 = subprocess.Popen(["dpkg", "--list"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env={'LANG':'C'})
out,err=p1.communicate()
for o in  out.split("\n"):
    if "linux-image" in o:
        print o