如何循环 Magento 集合？

Question

基本上，我需要获取客户的 CSV 文件，该文件每天在脚本中自动生成。 我尝试了几种方法，但它们太慢或者实际上耗尽了内存。

*1) foreach 通过集合资源 *

$collection = Mage::getResourceModel('customer/customer_collection')
->addAttributeToSelect('email')
->addAttributeToSelect('created_at')
->joinAttribute('billing_company', 'customer_address/company', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
->joinAttribute('billing_street', 'customer_address/street', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
->joinAttribute('billing_postcode', 'customer_address/postcode', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
->joinAttribute('billing_telephone', 'customer_address/telephone', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
->joinAttribute('billing_city', 'customer_address/city', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
->joinAttribute('billing_region', 'customer_address/region', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
->joinAttribute('billing_country_id', 'customer_address/country_id', 'default_billing', null, 'left');

foreach($collection as $customer) {
echo $customer->getFirstname() . ",";
}

2) foreach 并加载客户

$collection = Mage::getResourceModel('customer/customer_collection');
foreach($collection as $customer) {
  $fullcustomer = Mage::getModel("customer/customer")->load($customer->getId());
  echo $fullcustomer->getFirstname() . ",";
}

有什么想法吗？

谢谢！

Answer 1

尝试对大型集合进行分页！

这个想法是，如果您可以以较小的块加载集合，则不会使用那么多内存。
加载一个块（页面），然后对其执行某些操作，例如将其保存到文本文件中，然后加载下一个块。结果是，您使用了整个较大的集合，但只产生了最大页面的内存成本。

我们使用与此类似的方法从我们的商店导出订单。
我插入了你的收藏，它似乎有效。

<?php

 if(php_sapi_name()!=="cli"){
 echo "Must be run from the command line.";
 };

/**
 * Setup a magento instance so we can run this export from the command line.
 */

require_once('app/Mage.php');
umask(0);

if (!Mage::isInstalled()) {
    echo "Application is not installed yet, please complete install wizard first.";
    exit;
}

// Only for urls // Don't remove this
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'] = str_replace(basename(__FILE__), 'index.php', $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']);
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] = str_replace(basename(__FILE__), 'index.php', $_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME']);

Mage::app('admin')->setUseSessionInUrl(false);
Mage::setIsDeveloperMode(true); ini_set('display_errors', 1); error_reporting(E_ALL);

try {
    Mage::getConfig()->init();
    Mage::app();   
} catch (Exception $e) {
    Mage::printException($e);
}
ini_set('memory_limit','500M');

$customerCount = 0;
try{
    //configure the collection filters.
    $collection = Mage::getResourceModel('customer/customer_collection')
    ->addAttributeToSelect('email')
    ->addAttributeToSelect('created_at')
    ->joinAttribute('billing_company', 'customer_address/company', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
    ->joinAttribute('billing_street', 'customer_address/street', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
    ->joinAttribute('billing_postcode', 'customer_address/postcode', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
    ->joinAttribute('billing_telephone', 'customer_address/telephone', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
    ->joinAttribute('billing_city', 'customer_address/city', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
    ->joinAttribute('billing_region', 'customer_address/region', 'default_billing', null, 'left')
    ->joinAttribute('billing_country_id', 'customer_address/country_id', 'default_billing', null, 'left');

    //Add a page size to the result set.
    $collection->setPageSize(100);
    //discover how many page the result will be.
    $pages = $collection->getLastPageNumber();
    $currentPage = 1;
    //This is the file to append the output to.
    $fp = fopen('/tmp/customers.csv', 'w');
    do{
         //Tell the collection which page to load.
         $collection->setCurPage($currentPage);
         $collection->load();
         foreach ($collection as $customer){
            //write the collection array as a CSV.
            $customerArray = $customer->toArray();
            //var_dump($customerArray); echo "\n\n";
            fputcsv($fp, $customerArray);
            $customerCount++;
         }
         $currentPage++;
         //make the collection unload the data in memory so it will pick up the next page when load() is called.
         $collection->clear();
    } while ($currentPage <= $pages);
    fclose($fp);
} catch (Exception $e) {
    //$response['error'] = $e->getMessage();
    Mage::printException($e);
}
echo "Saved $customerCount customers to csv file \n";
?>

我将其保存为exportCustomers.php。

然后设置您的 cron 任务来运行：
php -f /path/to/your/magento/exportCustomers.php

Answer 2

在每个 Customer 对象上使用 load() 会显着减慢您的代码速度。我建议您将所需属性添加到集合中的第一种方法是正确的方法，但可以用以下方法完成：

$collection->toArray([$arrRequiredFields = array()]);

这样，永远不会加载单个客户，而是 toArray() (< a href="http://docs.magentocommerce.com/Varien/Varien_Data/Varien_Data_Collection.html#toArray" rel="nofollow noreferrer">doco here）将为您提供您想要的字段，然后您可以迭代在多维数组上生成逗号分隔的字符串。

或者，您可以尝试 $collection->toXml() 并使用 XML（如果您对此感到满意）。 Google 会向您指出 xml->csv 转换方法。