PHP 将 self 作为类中的对象数组返回?

发布于 2024-09-24 09:42:51 字数 4008 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我正在使用 CodeIgniter 构建一个 php Web 应用程序,并且我正在尝试使用良好的 OO 实践 - 其中似乎有很多思想流派。我专门有一个 biography_model 类来与 MySQL 表交互。该数据模型具有一些表示表中列的类属性,但它也具有一些不在表中的属性,例如$image_url。类构造函数接受一个可选的记录 ID 参数,然后该参数从表中获取该记录并通过调用 get_biography() 方法设置所有对象属性,包括 $image_url 属性不在表中。这样我就可以在控制器中实例化一个新的 biography_model 对象,并准备好所有有用的属性: $bio = new biography_model($id);

但是,当我们返回多个时,最好的方法是什么? - 表中记录的行结果集?对于每条记录,我还需要设置 $image_url。我可以在控制器中执行此操作,方法是查询表中的记录列表,然后将每个 id 传递到新的 biography_model($id) 对象中。但随后我会遇到控制器绕过模型直接查询数据库的情况。

相反,我选择从biography_model 中返​​回biography_model 对象的数组。

例子:

    class Biography_model extends Model
    {
        /**
         *  This model manages biography information in the 'biography_content' table.
         *  If a biography ID is passed in when instantiating a new object,
         *  then all class properties are set.
         */
        protected $id;
        protected $person_name;
        protected $title;
        protected $image_file_name;
        protected $image_url;
        protected $biography_text;
        protected $active;

        /**
         * Constructor
         *
         *  If an id is supplied when instantiating a new object, then
         *  all class variables are set for the record.
         */
        public function __construct($person_id = NULL)
        {
            parent::Model();
            if(isset($person_id))
            {
                $this->set_property('id',$person_id);
                $this->get_biography();
            }
        }

        /**
         * Sets supplied property with supplied value.
         */
        public function set_property($property, $value)
        {
            // Set image path if $value is the file name
            if($property == 'image_file_name')
            {
                $this->set_property('image_url',$this->get_bio_img_url($value));
            }

            $this->$property = $value;
        }

        /**
         * Gets requested property value.
         */
        public function get_property($property)
        {
            return $this->$property;
        }

        /**
         *  Returns the biography thumbnail image URL
         */
        public function get_bio_img_url($image_name)
        {
            return $this->config->item('parent_url').'assets/img/biography/'.$image_name;
        }

        /**
         * Get one or more biography entries
         */
        public function get_biography()
        {
            // If the ID is set then set model properties.
            if($this->get_property('id'))
            {
                $this->db->where('id',$this->get_property('id'));
                $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

                if($query->num_rows() == 1)
                {
                    foreach($query->row() as $key => $value)
                    {
                        $this->set_property($key, $value);
                    }
                }
            }
            // Otherwise return result set of all biographies
            else
            {
                // Get the list of record ID's
                $this->db->select('id');
                $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

                if ($query->num_rows() > 0)
                {   
                    // New array to return result set
                    $biography_list = array();

                    // For each record, return a new biography_model object
                    foreach($query->result() as $value)
                    {
                        $biography_list[] = new biography_model($value->id);
                    }
                }
                return $biography_list;
            }
        }
    }

    // End of Biography_model Class

有用。但这是合理的做法吗?还有其他更容易被接受的方法吗?我敏锐地意识到我正在查询数据库两次,但我不确定有更好的方法来处理这个问题。欢迎所有建议!

谢谢,狼

I'm using CodeIgniter to build a php web application, and I'm trying to use good OO practices - of which there appears to be many schools of thought. I specifically have a class biography_model to interact with a MySQL table. This data model has some class properties representing the columns in the table, but it also has some properties not in the table such as $image_url. The class constructor function accepts an optional record ID parameter which then fetches that record from the table and sets all object properties by calling the get_biography() method, including the $image_url property not in the table. This way I can instantiate a new biography_model object in the controller with all useful properties ready to go: $bio = new biography_model($id);

But, what is the best approach when we are returning a multi-row result set of records from the table? For each record I need to also set the $image_url. I could do this in the controller, by querying the list of records in the table and then passing each id into the new biography_model($id) object. But then I would have a situation where the controller is directly querying the database bypassing the model.

Instead, I choose to return an array of biography_model objects from within the biography_model.

Example:

    class Biography_model extends Model
    {
        /**
         *  This model manages biography information in the 'biography_content' table.
         *  If a biography ID is passed in when instantiating a new object,
         *  then all class properties are set.
         */
        protected $id;
        protected $person_name;
        protected $title;
        protected $image_file_name;
        protected $image_url;
        protected $biography_text;
        protected $active;

        /**
         * Constructor
         *
         *  If an id is supplied when instantiating a new object, then
         *  all class variables are set for the record.
         */
        public function __construct($person_id = NULL)
        {
            parent::Model();
            if(isset($person_id))
            {
                $this->set_property('id',$person_id);
                $this->get_biography();
            }
        }

        /**
         * Sets supplied property with supplied value.
         */
        public function set_property($property, $value)
        {
            // Set image path if $value is the file name
            if($property == 'image_file_name')
            {
                $this->set_property('image_url',$this->get_bio_img_url($value));
            }

            $this->$property = $value;
        }

        /**
         * Gets requested property value.
         */
        public function get_property($property)
        {
            return $this->$property;
        }

        /**
         *  Returns the biography thumbnail image URL
         */
        public function get_bio_img_url($image_name)
        {
            return $this->config->item('parent_url').'assets/img/biography/'.$image_name;
        }

        /**
         * Get one or more biography entries
         */
        public function get_biography()
        {
            // If the ID is set then set model properties.
            if($this->get_property('id'))
            {
                $this->db->where('id',$this->get_property('id'));
                $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

                if($query->num_rows() == 1)
                {
                    foreach($query->row() as $key => $value)
                    {
                        $this->set_property($key, $value);
                    }
                }
            }
            // Otherwise return result set of all biographies
            else
            {
                // Get the list of record ID's
                $this->db->select('id');
                $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

                if ($query->num_rows() > 0)
                {   
                    // New array to return result set
                    $biography_list = array();

                    // For each record, return a new biography_model object
                    foreach($query->result() as $value)
                    {
                        $biography_list[] = new biography_model($value->id);
                    }
                }
                return $biography_list;
            }
        }
    }

    // End of Biography_model Class

It works. But is it a reasonable approach? Are there other more accepted methods? I'm keenly aware that I am querying the database twice, but I was not sure of a better way to handle this. All suggestions are welcome!

Thanks, Wolf

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评论(2

芯好空 2024-10-01 09:42:51

通常,职能部门最好只负责一份工作。你的 get_biography() 函数有 2 个:获取一份传记并获取所有传记。考虑将它们分成两个函数。此外,也不需要多个数据库访问。

public function get_biography($id=null)
{
    $this->db->where('id', $this->get_property($id))
    $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

    foreach($query->row() as $key => $value)
    {
        $this->set_property($key, $value);
    }
}

public function get_biographies()
{
    $biography_list = array();

    // don't limit this query to just id's - get everything
    $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

    // For each record, return a new biography_model object
    foreach($query->result() as $row)
    {
        $model = new biography_model();
        // set the properties you already have straight onto the new model
        // instead of querying again with just the id
        foreach($row as $key => $value)
        {
            $model->set_property($key, $value);
        }
        $biography_list[] = $model;
    }
    return $biography_list;
}

另外,您可能想利用 php 的 __get__set 魔术方法:

public function __get($property)
{
    if(!isset($this->$property))
        return null;

    return $this->$property;
}

public function __set($property, $value)
{
    if(!property_exists($this, $property))
        return;

    if($property == 'image_file_name')
    {
        $this->image_url = $this->get_bio_img_url($value);
    }
    else
        $this->$property = $value;
}

这将让您获得模型的属性,如下所示: $bio->title 而不是 $bio->get_property('title'),同时提供一个稍后可以引入新逻辑的位置。

Usually it's better for functions to have one job. Your get_biography() function has 2: get one biography and get all biographies. Consider splitting them up into 2 functions. Also there's no need for the multiple db access.

public function get_biography($id=null)
{
    $this->db->where('id', $this->get_property($id))
    $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

    foreach($query->row() as $key => $value)
    {
        $this->set_property($key, $value);
    }
}

public function get_biographies()
{
    $biography_list = array();

    // don't limit this query to just id's - get everything
    $query = $this->db->get('biography_content');

    // For each record, return a new biography_model object
    foreach($query->result() as $row)
    {
        $model = new biography_model();
        // set the properties you already have straight onto the new model
        // instead of querying again with just the id
        foreach($row as $key => $value)
        {
            $model->set_property($key, $value);
        }
        $biography_list[] = $model;
    }
    return $biography_list;
}

Also you might want to take advantage of php's __get and __set magic methods:

public function __get($property)
{
    if(!isset($this->$property))
        return null;

    return $this->$property;
}

public function __set($property, $value)
{
    if(!property_exists($this, $property))
        return;

    if($property == 'image_file_name')
    {
        $this->image_url = $this->get_bio_img_url($value);
    }
    else
        $this->$property = $value;
}

This will let you get properties on your model like this: $bio->title instead of $bio->get_property('title') while at the same time provide a place you can introduce new logic later.

予囚 2024-10-01 09:42:51

使用数组来表示一组记录是一种完全有效的方法。

但是,属性 image_url 直接依赖于另一个属性的值,因此将其存储为单独的字段是没有意义的。只需即时计算即可,在您的情况下,您必须在 get_property 方法中执行此操作。

另一方面,模型真的应该负责处理 URL 吗?我不这么认为。模型外部应该有一个方法,它采用 Biography_model 对象并根据其 image_file_name 生成图像的 URL。如果您已经有一些负责将控制器映射到 URL 的路由模块,则此代码可能应该放置在那里。

Using an array to represent a set of records is a perfectly valid approach.

However the property image_url directly depends on the value of another property, so it doesn't make sense to store it as a separate field. Just calculate it on the fly, in your case you'd have to do that in the get_property method.

On the other hand should the model really be responsible for dealing with URLs? I don't think so. There should be a method outside the model that takes the Biography_model object and generates the URL of the image based on its image_file_name. If you already have some routing module responsible for mapping controllers to URLs, this code should probably land there.

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