Java 中的线程同步，IllegalMonitorStateException

Question

我正在尝试同步两个线程 - “主”线程和一个可运行线程。我收到 IllegalMonitorStateException，但我不完全理解“您没有对象的锁”的含义。

这是我的代码：

public class ThreadsTest {
    private static ThreadsTest instance;
    public volatile boolean flag = false;

    public void doStuff() {
        System.out.println("first");

        this.flag = true;

    }

    public Runnable mDrawer = new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
            synchronized (ThreadsTest.getInstance()) {
                while (flag == false)
                    try {
                        wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                        System.out.println("second");
                    }
            }



        }
    };

    public static ThreadsTest getInstance() {
        if (ThreadsTest.instance == null) {
            ThreadsTest.instance = new ThreadsTest();
        }
        return ThreadsTest.instance;
    }

    private ThreadsTest() {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadsTest t = ThreadsTest.getInstance();
        t.mDrawer.run();
        t.doStuff();

    }
}

Answer 1

您只能在同步的对象上调用 wait() 方法。
因此，由于您已同步 (ThreadsT​​est.getInstance())，因此必须编写 ThreadsT​​est.getInstance().wait()。

不确定您要在这里测试什么，如果它只是基本的线程同步示例，那么您应该将代码更改为

public class ThreadsTest {
    private static ThreadsTest instance;
    public volatile boolean flag = false;

    public void doStuff() {
        System.out.println("first");
        this.flag = true;
        synchronized (getInstance()) {
            getInstance().notifyAll();
        }
    }

    public Runnable mDrawer = new Runnable() {

        public void run() {
            synchronized (ThreadsTest.getInstance()) {
                while (flag == false)
                    try {
                        ThreadsTest.getInstance().wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                        System.out.println("second");
                    }
            }



        }
    };

    public static ThreadsTest getInstance() {
        if (ThreadsTest.instance == null) {
            ThreadsTest.instance = new ThreadsTest();
        }
        return ThreadsTest.instance;
    }

    private ThreadsTest() {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        ThreadsTest t = ThreadsTest.getInstance();
        new Thread(t.mDrawer).start();
        Thread.sleep(1000L); // let other thread start, so it won't skip our notify()
        t.doStuff();
    }
}