如何插入“答案”模型?

发布于 2024-09-18 09:19:56 字数 2975 浏览 7 评论 0原文

标题可能不太准确,但我不知道如何表达。

我有 3 个类别:用户、问题、答案。简单的代码是:

Session = scoped_session(sessionmaker())
Base = declarative_base()

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

    questions = relationship('Question', backref="user")
    answers = relationship('Answer', backref="user")

class Question(Base):
     __tablename__ = 'questions'
     id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))

     answers = relationship('Answer', backref="user")

class Answer(Base):
     __tablename__ = 'answers'
     user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))
     question_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('questions.id'))

     id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

现在,一个用户提出了一个问题,因此将会创建一个答案:

user = get_user_from_session()
question = get_question(question_id)

# create answer
answer = Answer()
answer.user = user
answer.question = question

Session.add(answer)  # !!!
Session.commit()

我希望答案将被插入到数据库中,但不幸的是,报告了一个错误:

 AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute '_sa_instance_state'

Is there Something我错过了?如何修复它?


更新

感谢@dhaffey,我已经修复了拼写错误。我重新创建一个测试文件来测试这一点,发现没有再次发生错误,但是提交后数据库中的 answer.user_idanswer.question_id 为空。

这是我的代码,你可以直接运行。

from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.orm import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import *

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///test.sqlite', echo=True)
Session = scoped_session(sessionmaker())
Base = declarative_base()

Base.metadata.bind=engine

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    questions = relationship('Question')
    answers = relationship('Answer')

class Question(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'questions'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))
    title = Column(String)
    answers = relationship('Answer')

class Answer(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'answers'
    user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))
    question_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('questions.id'))

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

Base.metadata.create_all()

user = User()
user.name = 'aaa'
Session.add(user)
Session.flush()

question = Question()
question.title = 'ttt'
question.user = user
Session.add(question)
Session.flush()

answer = Answer()
answer.user = user
answer.question = question

Session.add(answer)
Session.commit()

print answer.id # not None

found = Session.query(Answer).filter_by(id=answer.id).one()

print found.user.name # not None
print found.question.title # not None

# !!! It seems all models are saved correctly,
# but please open the test.sqlite database, (not querying by sqlahchemy)
# the question.user_id and answer.user_id and answer.question_id are null

The title may be not exactly, but I don't know how to express it.

I have 3 class: User, Question, Answer. The simple code is:

Session = scoped_session(sessionmaker())
Base = declarative_base()

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

    questions = relationship('Question', backref="user")
    answers = relationship('Answer', backref="user")

class Question(Base):
     __tablename__ = 'questions'
     id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))

     answers = relationship('Answer', backref="user")

class Answer(Base):
     __tablename__ = 'answers'
     user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))
     question_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('questions.id'))

     id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

Now, A user asked a question, so there will be an answer created:

user = get_user_from_session()
question = get_question(question_id)

# create answer
answer = Answer()
answer.user = user
answer.question = question

Session.add(answer)  # !!!
Session.commit()

I hope the answer will be inserted to database, but unfortunately, there is an error reported:

 AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute '_sa_instance_state'

Is there something I've missed? How to fix it?


UPDATE

Thanks for @dhaffey, I've fixed the typos. I recreate a test file to test this, found no error happened again, but answer.user_id and answer.question_id are null in database after commit.

This is my code, you can run it directly.

from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.orm import *
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import *

engine = create_engine('sqlite:///test.sqlite', echo=True)
Session = scoped_session(sessionmaker())
Base = declarative_base()

Base.metadata.bind=engine

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = Column(String)
    questions = relationship('Question')
    answers = relationship('Answer')

class Question(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'questions'
    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))
    title = Column(String)
    answers = relationship('Answer')

class Answer(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'answers'
    user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))
    question_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('questions.id'))

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

Base.metadata.create_all()

user = User()
user.name = 'aaa'
Session.add(user)
Session.flush()

question = Question()
question.title = 'ttt'
question.user = user
Session.add(question)
Session.flush()

answer = Answer()
answer.user = user
answer.question = question

Session.add(answer)
Session.commit()

print answer.id # not None

found = Session.query(Answer).filter_by(id=answer.id).one()

print found.user.name # not None
print found.question.title # not None

# !!! It seems all models are saved correctly,
# but please open the test.sqlite database, (not querying by sqlahchemy)
# the question.user_id and answer.user_id and answer.question_id are null

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伴梦长久 2024-09-25 09:19:56

你的类声明不会为我“编译”,所以我想知道你是否运行了这段代码,如果运行的话,你正在使用哪个 SQLAlchemy 版本。该行在

user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey='users.id')

出现

sqlalchemy.exc.ArgumentError: Unknown arguments passed to Column: ['ForeignKey']

SQLAlchemy 0.6.4 中 。您尝试使用关键字参数声明外键,但正确的用法是构造一个 ForeignKey 对象并按位置传递它,如下所示:

user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))

固定外键后,您的示例将按预期工作为我。

请注意,当适当声明相应的外键时,您不需要在这些关系上显式提供 primaryjoin 参数 - SQLAlchemy 会推断正确的连接。

Your class declarations don't "compile" for me, so I'm wondering if you've run this code, and which SQLAlchemy version you're using if so. The line

user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey='users.id')

raises

sqlalchemy.exc.ArgumentError: Unknown arguments passed to Column: ['ForeignKey']

with SQLAlchemy 0.6.4. You're trying to declare the foreign key with a keyword argument, but the correct usage is to construct a ForeignKey object and pass it positionally, like this:

user_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('users.id'))

With the foreign keys fixed, your example works as expected for me.

Note that you don't need to explicitly provide the primaryjoin argument on these relationships when the corresponding foreign keys are appropriately declared - SQLAlchemy infers the correct join.

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