JAXB:如何编组列表中的对象?

发布于 2024-09-18 09:05:49 字数 4083 浏览 3 评论 0原文

也许是一个愚蠢的问题:我有一个 类型的 List,我想将其编组到 XML 文件中。这是我的类 Database ,其中包含 ArrayList...

@XmlRootElement
public class Database
{
    List<Data> records = new ArrayList<Data>();

    public List<Data> getRecords()                   { return records; }
    public void       setRecords(List<Data> records) { this.records = records; }
}

...这是类 Data:

// @XmlRootElement
public class Data 
{
    String name;
    String address;

    public String getName()            { return name;      }
    public void   setName(String name) { this.name = name; }

    public String getAddress()               { return address;         }
    public void   setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; }
}

使用以下测试类...

public class Test
{
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception
    {
        Data data1 = new Data();
             data1.setName("Peter");
             data1.setAddress("Cologne");

        Data data2 = new Data();
             data2.setName("Mary");
             data2.setAddress("Hamburg");

        Database database = new Database();
                 database.getRecords().add(data1);
                 database.getRecords().add(data2);

        JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Database.class);
        Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller();
                   marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);
                   marshaller.marshal(database, new FileWriter("test.xml"));       
    }
}

...我得到了结果:

<database>
    <records>
        <address>Cologne</address>
        <name>Peter</name>
    </records>
    <records>
        <address>Hamburg</address>
        <name>Mary</name>
    </records>
</database>

但这不是我所期望的,即 对象的所有标签都丢失了。我正在寻找一种以以下结构导出数据的方法,但我不知道如何实现这一点:

<database>
    <records>
        <data>
            <address>Cologne</address>
            <name>Peter</name>
        </data>
        <data>
            <address>Hamburg</address>
            <name>Mary</name>
        </data>
    </records>
</database>

还有一个问题:如果我想使用来处理问题@XmlElementWrapper@XmlElement 注解,我可以

public class Records
{
    List<Data> data = new ArrayList<Data>();

    public List<Data> getData()                { return data; }
    public void       setData(List<Data> data) { this.data = data; }
}

引入修改后的基类使用的

@XmlRootElement
public class Database
{
    Records records = new Records();

    public Records getRecords()                { return records; }
    public void    setRecords(Records records) { this.records = records; }
}

在稍加修改的 Test 类中

...
Database database = new Database();
database.getRecords().getData().add(data1);
database.getRecords().getData().add(data2);
...

中间类:结果也是

<database>
    <records>
        <data>
            <address>Cologne</address>
            <name>Peter</name>
        </data>
        <data>
            <address>Hamburg</address>
            <name>Mary</name>
        </data>
    </records>
</database>

:这是根据上面的 XML 文件结构创建 Java 类结构的推荐方法吗?

Perhaps a stupid question: I have a List of type <Data> which I want to marshal into a XML file. This is my class Database containing an ArrayList...

@XmlRootElement
public class Database
{
    List<Data> records = new ArrayList<Data>();

    public List<Data> getRecords()                   { return records; }
    public void       setRecords(List<Data> records) { this.records = records; }
}

...and this is class Data:

// @XmlRootElement
public class Data 
{
    String name;
    String address;

    public String getName()            { return name;      }
    public void   setName(String name) { this.name = name; }

    public String getAddress()               { return address;         }
    public void   setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; }
}

Using the following test class...

public class Test
{
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception
    {
        Data data1 = new Data();
             data1.setName("Peter");
             data1.setAddress("Cologne");

        Data data2 = new Data();
             data2.setName("Mary");
             data2.setAddress("Hamburg");

        Database database = new Database();
                 database.getRecords().add(data1);
                 database.getRecords().add(data2);

        JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Database.class);
        Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller();
                   marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);
                   marshaller.marshal(database, new FileWriter("test.xml"));       
    }
}

...I got the result:

<database>
    <records>
        <address>Cologne</address>
        <name>Peter</name>
    </records>
    <records>
        <address>Hamburg</address>
        <name>Mary</name>
    </records>
</database>

But that's not what I was expecting, i.e. all tags for <Data> objects are missing. I am looking for a way to export the data in the following structure, but I don't know how to achieve this:

<database>
    <records>
        <data>
            <address>Cologne</address>
            <name>Peter</name>
        </data>
        <data>
            <address>Hamburg</address>
            <name>Mary</name>
        </data>
    </records>
</database>

One additional question: if I want to deal with the problem without using @XmlElementWrapper and @XmlElement annotations, I can introduce an intermediary class

public class Records
{
    List<Data> data = new ArrayList<Data>();

    public List<Data> getData()                { return data; }
    public void       setData(List<Data> data) { this.data = data; }
}

used by the modified base class

@XmlRootElement
public class Database
{
    Records records = new Records();

    public Records getRecords()                { return records; }
    public void    setRecords(Records records) { this.records = records; }
}

in a slightly modified Test class:

...
Database database = new Database();
database.getRecords().getData().add(data1);
database.getRecords().getData().add(data2);
...

The result also is:

<database>
    <records>
        <data>
            <address>Cologne</address>
            <name>Peter</name>
        </data>
        <data>
            <address>Hamburg</address>
            <name>Mary</name>
        </data>
    </records>
</database>

Is this the recommended way to create a Java class structure according to the XML file structure above?

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评论(3

烟花肆意 2024-09-25 09:05:49

在记录属性上添加:

@XmlElementWrapper(name="records")
@XmlElement(name="data")

有关 JAXB 和集合属性的更多信息,请参阅:

On the records property add:

@XmlElementWrapper(name="records")
@XmlElement(name="data")

For more information on JAXB and collection properties see:

拿命拼未来 2024-09-25 09:05:49

这是对您的第二个问题的回应:

两种方法都会生成相同的 XML。我的建议是选择最适合您的应用的模型。对我来说,通常使用@XmlElementWrapper/@XmlElement。由于“记录”只是用来组织“数据”元素,因此它并不真正值得拥有自己的类。

我领导 MOXy JAXB 实现,我们提供基于 XPath 的映射扩展来超越@XmlElementWrapper 的功能:

This is in response to your second question disquised an answer:

Both approaches will generate the same XML. My recommendation is go with the model that is best for your application. For me that is generally using @XmlElementWrapper/@XmlElement. Since "records" is just there to organize the "data" elements it doesn't really deserve its own class.

I lead the MOXy JAXB implementation and we offer an XPath-based mapping extension to go beyond what is capable with @XmlElementWrapper:

花之痕靓丽 2024-09-25 09:05:49

回答你的第二个问题:

Is this the recommended way to create a Java class structure
according to the XML file structure above?

从技术上讲,引入额外的 Records 类来解决你的 JAXB 问题是不必要和多余的工作,因为 JAXB 不需要它。这
@XmlElementWrapper@XmlElement name 属性旨在解决您的问题。

从您的评论到 Blaise 的回答,我维护了一个教程 带有操作示例,解释了在解组时如何处理 List 等通用类。

In response to your second question:

Is this the recommended way to create a Java class structure
according to the XML file structure above?

Technically speaking, introducing an extra Records class to solve your JAXB issue is unnecessary and redundant work, because JAXB does not need it. The
@XmlElementWrapper and @XmlElement name property have been designed to solve your issue.

From your comments to Blaise's answer, I maintain a tutorial with operational examples explaining how do deal with generic classes such as List, etc.. when unmarshalling.

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