这与其说是一种“算法”，不如说是一种“技巧”，但它可以在代码中实现自动化。它主要适用于人声居中的立体声轨道。如果人声居中，则它们在两首曲目中的表现相同。如果您反转其中一首曲目，然后将它们重新合并在一起，则中心人声的波形会抵消并几乎被删除。您可以使用大多数优秀的音频编辑器（例如 audacity）手动执行此操作。它不会给你完美的结果，其余的音频也会受到一点影响，但它可以制作很棒的卡拉 OK 曲目:)
This isn't so much an "algorithm" as a "trick" but it could be automated in code. It works mostly for stereo tracks with where the vocals are centered. If the vocals are centered, they manifest equally in both tracks. If you invert one of the tracks and then merge them back together, the wave forms of the center vocals cancel out and are virtually removed. You can do this manually with most good audio editors like audacity. It doesn't give you perfect results and the rest of the audio suffers a bit too but it makes for great karaoke tracks :)
Sounds are waves of air pressure. When a sound is generated, a sound wave consisting of compressions (increases in pressure) and rarefactions (decreases in pressure) moves through the air. This is similar to what happens if you throw a stone into a pond: the water rises and falls in a repeating wave.
When a microphone records sound, it takes a measure of the air pressure and returns it as a value. These values are called samples and can be positive or negative corresponding to increases or decreases in air pressure. Each time the air pressure is recorded, we are sampling the sound. Each sample records the sound at an instant in time; the faster we sample, the more accurate is our representation of the sound. The sampling rate refers to how many times per second we sample the sound. For example, CD-quality sound uses a sampling rate of 44100 samples per second; sampling someone's voice for use in a VOIP conversation uses far less than this. Sampling rates of 11025 (voice quality), 22050, and 44100 (CD quality) are common...
For mono sounds (those with one sound channel), a sample is simply a positive or negative integer that represents the amount of compression in the air at the point the sample was taken. For stereo sounds (which we use in this assignment), a sample is actually made up of two integer values: one for the left speaker and one for the right...
Here's how the algorithm [to remove vocals] works.
Copy the first 44 bytes verbatim from the input file to the output file. Those 44 bytes contain important header information that should not be modified.
Next, treat the rest of the input file as a sequence of shorts. Take each pair of shorts left and right, and compute combined = (left - right) / 2. Write two copies of combined to the output file.
Why Does This Work?
For the curious, a brief explanation of the vocal-removal algorithm is in order. As you noticed from the algorithm, we are simply subtracting one channel from the other (and then dividing by 2 to keep the volume from getting too loud). So why does subtracting the left channel from the right channel magically remove vocals?
When music is recorded, it is sometimes the case that vocals are recorded by a single microphone, and that single vocal track is used for the vocals in both channels. The other instruments in the song are recorded by multiple microphones, so that they sound different in both channels. Subtracting one channel from the other takes away everything that is ``in common'' between those two channels which, if we're lucky, means removing the vocals.
Of course, things rarely work so well. Try your vocal remover on this badly-behaved wav file. Sure, the vocals are gone, but so is the body of the music! Apparently, some of the instruments were also recorded "centred", so that they are removed along with the vocals when channels are subtracted.
from pydub import AudioSegment
from pydub.playback import play
# read in audio file and get the two mono tracks
sound_stereo = AudioSegment.from_file(myAudioFile, format="mp3")
sound_monoL = sound_stereo.split_to_mono()[0]
sound_monoR = sound_stereo.split_to_mono()[1]
# Invert phase of the Right audio file
sound_monoR_inv = sound_monoR.invert_phase()
# Merge two L and R_inv files, this cancels out the centers
sound_CentersOut = sound_monoL.overlay(sound_monoR_inv)
# Export merged audio file
fh = sound_CentersOut.export(myAudioFile_CentersOut, format="mp3")
You can use the pydub Toolbox, see here for details, also see here for related question. It's dependent on FFmpeg and can read any fileformat
Then you can do the following:
from pydub import AudioSegment
from pydub.playback import play
# read in audio file and get the two mono tracks
sound_stereo = AudioSegment.from_file(myAudioFile, format="mp3")
sound_monoL = sound_stereo.split_to_mono()[0]
sound_monoR = sound_stereo.split_to_mono()[1]
# Invert phase of the Right audio file
sound_monoR_inv = sound_monoR.invert_phase()
# Merge two L and R_inv files, this cancels out the centers
sound_CentersOut = sound_monoL.overlay(sound_monoR_inv)
# Export merged audio file
fh = sound_CentersOut.export(myAudioFile_CentersOut, format="mp3")
Above a specified limit? sounds like a high pass filter...You could use phase cancellation if you had the acapella track along with the original. Otherwise, unless its an old 60s-era track that has vocals directly in the middle and everything else hard panned, i don't think there's a super clean way of removing vocals.
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这与其说是一种“算法”，不如说是一种“技巧”，但它可以在代码中实现自动化。它主要适用于人声居中的立体声轨道。如果人声居中，则它们在两首曲目中的表现相同。如果您反转其中一首曲目，然后将它们重新合并在一起，则中心人声的波形会抵消并几乎被删除。您可以使用大多数优秀的音频编辑器（例如 audacity）手动执行此操作。它不会给你完美的结果，其余的音频也会受到一点影响，但它可以制作很棒的卡拉 OK 曲目:)
This isn't so much an "algorithm" as a "trick" but it could be automated in code. It works mostly for stereo tracks with where the vocals are centered. If the vocals are centered, they manifest equally in both tracks. If you invert one of the tracks and then merge them back together, the wave forms of the center vocals cancel out and are virtually removed. You can do this manually with most good audio editors like audacity. It doesn't give you perfect results and the rest of the audio suffers a bit too but it makes for great karaoke tracks :)
来源：http://www.cdf.utoronto.ca/~csc209h/summer/a2/ a2.html，由 Daniel Zingaro 编写。
Source: http://www.cdf.utoronto.ca/~csc209h/summer/a2/a2.html, written by Daniel Zingaro.
您可以使用 pydub 工具箱，详细信息请参阅此处，另请参阅此处了解相关问题。它依赖于 FFmpeg 并且可以读取任何文件格式
然后您可以执行以下操作：
You can use the pydub Toolbox, see here for details, also see here for related question. It's dependent on FFmpeg and can read any fileformat
Then you can do the following:
超过指定限制？听起来像高通滤波器...如果您有阿卡贝拉音轨和原始音轨，则可以使用相位取消。否则，除非它是一首 60 年代的老曲目，中间直接有人声并且其他所有内容都经过严格的平移，否则我认为没有一种超级干净的方法来消除人声。
Above a specified limit? sounds like a high pass filter...You could use phase cancellation if you had the acapella track along with the original. Otherwise, unless its an old 60s-era track that has vocals directly in the middle and everything else hard panned, i don't think there's a super clean way of removing vocals.