将应用程序移至 Websphere 集群

发布于 2024-09-17 09:06:57 字数 72 浏览 14 评论 0原文

在将应用程序从单个 Websphere Application Server 迁移到 Websphere 集群之前我们应该注意什么

What should we take care of before moving an application from a single Websphere Application Server to a Websphere cluster

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情丝乱 2024-09-24 09:06:58

这是我根据经验列出的清单。它并不完整,但应该涵盖最常见的问题领域:

  • 规划分布式会话管理配置(即,您将使用内存到内存还是基于数据库的复制)。请注意,如果您仍在 32 位平台上,并且您的应用程序已使用大量内存,则集群的资源需求开销可能会导致不稳定问题。
  • 确保您放入用户会话中的所有内容都可以使用默认序列化程序进行序列化(实现可序列化)。否则,您可能会遇到分布式会话的问题。
  • 这同样适用于您放入 DynaCache 中的所有内容。确保一切都正确序列化。
  • 指定并确保所有资源定义(JDBC 提供程序等)都在适当的范围内。我通常建议对安装到集群使用的应用程序的所有内容使用实际的集群范围。这可以确保测试功能从适当的点正常工作,并且您不会做出相互冲突的定义。
  • 确保您的应用程序对 Web 界面中的资源使用相对路径。一旦你开始负载平衡和东西,如果你已经固定了很多东西,你可能会遇到一些严重的问题。
  • 如果您有任何类型的计时器,请确保它们与集群配合良好。对于 Quartz,这可能意味着您应该使用 JDBC 存储来执行计时器任务。对于 EJB 计时器,请确保仅注册计时器一次(如果有多个节点同时尝试注册,则可能会损坏 WAS 的计时器数据库),并确保将它们安装到集群范围。
  • 确保您使用 WAS 提供的 SSO 机制。如果您有自定义实现,请确保它能够很好地处理集群中服务器之间的用户移动。

This is my list from experience. It is not complete but should cover the most common problem areas:

  • Plan head the distributed session management configuration (ie. will you use memory-to-memory or database based replicaton). Make a notice that if you are still on 32-bit platform the resource requirement overhead from clustering might cause you instability issues if your application uses already lots of memory.
  • Make sure that everything you put into user sessions can be serialized with the default serializer (implements Serializable). You might otherwise run into problems with distributed sessions.
  • The same goes for everything you put into DynaCache. Make sure everything serializes properly.
  • Specify and make sure all the resource definitions (JDBC providers etc) will be made to a proper scope. I would usually recommend using the actual Cluster scope for everything that your applications installed to cluster use. That ensures the testing features work properly from proper points, and that you don't make conflicting definitions.
  • Make sure your application uses relative paths for resources in web interfaces. Once you start load balancing and stuff you can run into some serious problems if you have bolted down a lot of stuff.
  • If you had any sort of timers make sure they work well with clusters. With Quartz that means probably that you should use the JDBC store for timer tasks. With EJB Timers make sure you register the timers only once (it is possible to corrupt the timer database of WAS if you have several nodes attempting the registering at the exactly same time) and make sure you install them to Cluster scope.
  • Make sure you use the WAS provided SSO mechanisms. If you have a custom implementation please make sure it handles moving the user between servers in cluster well.
自由如风 2024-09-24 09:06:58

保持简单,根据您的要求,尝试将负载均衡器配置为使用粘性会话,而不是在 HTTP 会话中保留状态。这样,您就不需要在内存会话复制中使用资源匮乏的资源。

单点登录对于单个集群来说不是问题,因为您的 HTTP 客户端不会离开同一个 http://server .acme.com/...主机域名。

大多数测试应该集中在数据库争用上。如果您有一个高度事务性的应用程序(即对同一个表进行多次写入),请确保查看数据库隔离级别,以便不会不必要地持有锁。您的交易划分也是如此。使交易尽可能简短。如果您自己没有数据库技能,请确保让数据库分析师在您测试时帮助您监控数据库。

Keep it simple, depending on your requirements, try configuring your load balancer to use sticky sessions and not hold state in your HTTP Session. That way you don't need to use resource hungry in memory session replication.

Single Sign On isn't an issue for a single cluster as your HTTP clients will not be moving off the same http://server.acme.com/... host domain name.

Most of your testing should focus on database contention. If you have a highly transactional application (i.e. many writes to the same table) make sure you look at your database Isolation levels so that locks are not held unecessarily. Same goes for your transaction demarkaction. Keep transactions as brief as possible. If you dont have database skills yourself make sure you get a Database Analyst to help you monitor the database while you test.

夏九 2024-09-24 09:06:58

另外,在发生任何重大更改(例如此更改或升级到新版本等)之前向 IBM 支持人员提出 PMR 也是一个很好的建议。将其作为“软件使用问题”提出,他们可以根据他们的知识数据库为您提供反馈其他客户的输入。这同样适用于您有支持协议的任何类型的产品 - 在出现问题之前寻求支持。

Also a good advice to raise a PMR to IBM Support up front of any major changes, such as this one or upgrading to new versions etc. Raise it as a "Software Usage Question" and they can provide you with feedback from their knowledge database based on other customers input. Same would apply for any type of product which you have a support agreement for - ask support before problems occur.

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