Oracle 中的一个实例与多个实例
当要创建多个数据库时,与多个实例相比,单个实例有哪些优点和缺点?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a single instance compared to multiple instances when multiple databases are intended to be created?
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您可能需要浏览 Oracle 概念指南,特别是如果您更熟悉其他 DBMS。
单个实例(一组进程)最多可以挂载一个数据库(一组文件)。如果需要访问多个数据库,则需要多个实例。详细了解实例和实例之间的区别AskTom 上的数据库。
理想情况下,您只希望每台服务器有一个实例(该服务器可能是逻辑服务器——即虚拟服务器)。这将使 Oracle 确切地知道发生了什么。这意味着每台服务器一个数据库。
如果您的数据库确实独立,那么使用多个实例/数据库是有意义的,因为您可以更好地控制数据库版本、管理等。
但是,如果您的数据库不是真正独立的(您经常在它们之间共享数据,则需要一些通用的数据)数据可供所有人访问),因此使用单个统一数据库可能会更有效(也更简单)。每个原始数据库都有自己的一组模式。在这种情况下,跨模式引用完整性将很容易,您不需要复制需要共享的数据。
You may want to browse the Oracle concept guide, especially if you're more familiar with other DBMS.
A single instance (set of processes) can mount at most one database (set of files). If you need to access multiple databases, you will need multiple instances. More on the difference between instances and databases on askTom.
Ideally, you only want one instance per server (the server may be a logical server -- i.e a virtual server). This will allow Oracle to know exactly what is going on. This implies one database per server.
If your databases are really independent, going with multiple instances/databases would make sense, since you have greater control over DB version, administration, etc.
If however your databases are not really independent (you frequently share data across them, you need some common data accessible to all of them), it may be more efficient (and simpler) to go with a single consolidated database. Each original database would have its own set of schemas. In this case cross-schema referential integrity would be easy, you wouldn't need to duplicate the data that needs to be shared.