Django 管理搜索：如何覆盖默认处理程序？

Question

我希望自定义跨 search_fields 进行搜索查询的方式。

有没有一种方法可以做到这一点，而无需深入 Django 代码或创建完全独立的视图？

例如，我想返回 querystring.split() 的每个项目的查询集的并集。因此，搜索“apple bar”将返回带有 apple OR bar 的结果，这与应用 AND 运算符的默认搜索不同。

Answer 1

在 django 1.6 中很容易做到这一点

ModelAdmin.get_search_results(request, queryset, search_term) Django 1.6 中的新增功能。

import operator
# from django.utils.six.moves import reduce  # if Python 3
from django.db.models import Q

class PersonAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('name', 'age')
    search_fields = ('name',)

    def get_search_results(self, request, queryset, search_term):
        # search_term is what you input in admin site
        # queryset is search results
        queryset, use_distinct = super(PersonAdmin, self).get_search_results(request, queryset, search_term)

        search_term_list = search_term.split(' ')#['apple','bar']
        # you can also use `self.search_fields` instead of following `search_columns`
        search_columns = ('name','age','address')
        #convert to Q(name='apple') | Q(name='bar') | Q(age='apple') | ...
        query_condition = reduce(operator.or_, [Q(**{c:v}) for c in search_columns for v in search_term_list])

        queryset = self.model.objects.filter(query_condition)
        # NOTICE, if you want to use the query before
        # queryset = queryset.filter(query_condition)
        return queryset, use_distinct

Answer 2

所以我一直在使用WeizhongTu的答案中的代码，发现其中有一个不太明显的错误。当我们尝试通过此代码同时使用过滤和搜索时，过滤会被以下行遮盖：

queryset = self.model.objects.filter(eval(query_condition))

使用之前的结果非常重要仅有的。所以你绝对不能使用 self.model.objects 来获取查询集，而只能过滤查询集本身。像这样：

def get_search_results(self, request, queryset, search_term):
    # search_term is what you input in admin site
    # queryset is the list of objects passed to you
    # by the previous functions, e. g. filtering 
    search_term_list = search_term.split(' ') #['apple','bar']
    search_columns = ('name','age','address')
    # convert to Q(name='apple') | Q(name='bar') | Q(age='apple') | ...
    query_condition = ' | '.join(['Q(%s="%s")'%(x,y) for x in search_term_list for y in search_columns])
    appended_queryset = queryset.filter(eval(query_condition))
    # queryset is search results
    queryset, use_distinct = super(PersonAdmin, self).get_search_results(request, queryset, search_term)
    queryset |= appended_queryset
    return queryset, use_distinct

Answer 3

您可以添加一个 ModelAdmin 方法：

def queryset(self, request):
    qs = super(MyModelAdmin, self).queryset(request)
    # modify queryset here, eg. only user-assigned tasks
    qs.filter(assigned__exact=request.user)
    return qs

您在这里有一个请求，因此大多数内容都可以依赖于视图，包括 url 参数、cookie、会话等。