使用C打开目录

发布于 2024-09-15 21:29:08 字数 611 浏览 1 评论 0原文

我接受通过命令行输入的路径。

当我这样做时,

dir=opendir(args[1]);

它不会进入循环...即 dir==null...

如何将命令行输入传递给 dir 指针?

void main(int c,char **args)
{
    DIR *dir;
    struct dirent *dent;
    char buffer[50];
    strcpy(buffer, args[1]);
    dir = opendir(buffer);   //this part
    if(dir!=NULL)
    {
        while((dent=readdir(dir))!=NULL)
            printf(dent->d_name);
    }
    close(dir);
}

./a.out  /root/TEST is used to run the program..
./a.out --> to execute the program
/root/TEST --> input by the user i.e valid path

I am accepting the path through command line input.

When I do

dir=opendir(args[1]);

it doesn' t enter the loop...i.e dir==null...

How do I pass the command line input to dir pointer?

void main(int c,char **args)
{
    DIR *dir;
    struct dirent *dent;
    char buffer[50];
    strcpy(buffer, args[1]);
    dir = opendir(buffer);   //this part
    if(dir!=NULL)
    {
        while((dent=readdir(dir))!=NULL)
            printf(dent->d_name);
    }
    close(dir);
}

./a.out  /root/TEST is used to run the program..
./a.out --> to execute the program
/root/TEST --> input by the user i.e valid path

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评论(4

眼眸 2024-09-22 21:29:08

您确实应该发布您的代码(a),但这里是。从以下内容开始:

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <dirent.h>

    int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
        struct dirent *pDirent;
        DIR *pDir;

        // Ensure correct argument count.

        if (argc != 2) {
            printf ("Usage: testprog <dirname>\n");
            return 1;
        }

        // Ensure we can open directory.

        pDir = opendir (argv[1]);
        if (pDir == NULL) {
            printf ("Cannot open directory '%s'\n", argv[1]);
            return 1;
        }

        // Process each entry.

        while ((pDirent = readdir(pDir)) != NULL) {
            printf ("[%s]\n", pDirent->d_name);
        }

        // Close directory and exit.

        closedir (pDir);
        return 0;
    }

您需要检查您的情况,args[1] 是否已设置并引用实际目录。一个示例运行,其中 tmp 是我当前目录之外的子目录,但您可以使用任何有效的目录,给我:
testprog tmp

[.]
[..]
[file1.txt]
[file1_file1.txt]
[file2.avi]
[file2_file2.avi]
[file3.b.txt]
[file3_file3.b.txt]

另请注意,您必须传递一个目录,而不是文件。当我执行时:

testprog tmp/file1.txt

我得到:

Cannot open directory 'tmp/file1.txt'

那是因为它是一个文件而不是目录(尽管,如果你偷偷摸摸,你可以尝试使用 diropen(dirname(argv[1]))(如果初始 diropen 失败)。


(a) 现在已经纠正了这个问题,但是,由于这个答案已被接受,我将假设这是您传递的内容的问题。

You should really post your code(a), but here goes. Start with something like:

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <dirent.h>

    int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
        struct dirent *pDirent;
        DIR *pDir;

        // Ensure correct argument count.

        if (argc != 2) {
            printf ("Usage: testprog <dirname>\n");
            return 1;
        }

        // Ensure we can open directory.

        pDir = opendir (argv[1]);
        if (pDir == NULL) {
            printf ("Cannot open directory '%s'\n", argv[1]);
            return 1;
        }

        // Process each entry.

        while ((pDirent = readdir(pDir)) != NULL) {
            printf ("[%s]\n", pDirent->d_name);
        }

        // Close directory and exit.

        closedir (pDir);
        return 0;
    }

You need to check in your case that args[1] is both set and refers to an actual directory. A sample run, with tmp is a subdirectory off my current directory but you can use any valid directory, gives me:
testprog tmp

[.]
[..]
[file1.txt]
[file1_file1.txt]
[file2.avi]
[file2_file2.avi]
[file3.b.txt]
[file3_file3.b.txt]

Note also that you have to pass a directory in, not a file. When I execute:

testprog tmp/file1.txt

I get:

Cannot open directory 'tmp/file1.txt'

That's because it's a file rather than a directory (though, if you're sneaky, you can attempt to use diropen(dirname(argv[1])) if the initial diropen fails).


(a) This has now been rectified but, since this answer has been accepted, I'm going to assume it was the issue of whatever you were passing in.

半世晨晓 2024-09-22 21:29:08

关于代码段的一些反馈,尽管在大多数情况下,它应该可以工作...

void main(int c,char **args)
  • int main - 标准将 main 定义为返回 int.
  • cargs 通常分别命名为 argcargv,但您可以将它们命名为任何名称

。这里

{
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *dent;
char buffer[50];
strcpy(buffer,args[1]);
  • 有一个缓冲区溢出:如果 args[1] 长度超过 50 个字节,buffer 将无法容纳它,并且您将写入您想要的内存。不应该。我没有理由看到在这里复制缓冲区,因此您可以通过不使用 strcpy 来回避这些问题......

如果

dir=opendir(buffer);   //this part

返回 NULL,它可以有几个原因:

  • 该目录不存在。 (你输入正确吗?里面有空格吗,然后你输入./your_program my directory,这会失败,因为它尝试opendir("my") code>)
  • 您缺乏对该目录的权限
  • 内存不足。 (这不太可能。)

Some feedback on the segment of code, though for the most part, it should work...

void main(int c,char **args)
  • int main - the standard defines main as returning an int.
  • c and args are typically named argc and argv, respectfully, but you are allowed to name them anything

...

{
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *dent;
char buffer[50];
strcpy(buffer,args[1]);
  • You have a buffer overflow here: If args[1] is longer than 50 bytes, buffer will not be able to hold it, and you will write to memory that you shouldn't. There's no reason I can see to copy the buffer here, so you can sidestep these issues by just not using strcpy...

...

dir=opendir(buffer);   //this part

If this returning NULL, it can be for a few reasons:

  • The directory didn't exist. (Did you type it right? Did it have a space in it, and you typed ./your_program my directory, which will fail, because it tries to opendir("my"))
  • You lack permissions to the directory
  • There's insufficient memory. (This is unlikely.)
懷念過去 2024-09-22 21:29:08

传递给C程序可执行文件的参数只不过是一个字符串(或字符指针)数组,因此在程序访问这些参数之前已经为这些输入参数分配了内存,因此不需要分配缓冲区,这样你就可以也避免程序中的错误处理代码(减少段错误的机会:))。

Parameters passed to the C program executable is nothing but an array of string(or character pointer),so memory would have been already allocated for these input parameter before your program access these parameters,so no need to allocate buffer,and that way you can avoid error handling code in your program as well(Reduce chances of segfault :)).

哎呦我呸! 2024-09-22 21:29:08

这是使用c实现ls命令的简单方法。要运行例如 ./xls /tmp

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include <dirent.h>
    void main(int argc,char *argv[])
    {
   DIR *dir;
   struct dirent *dent;
   dir = opendir(argv[1]);   

   if(dir!=NULL)
      {
   while((dent=readdir(dir))!=NULL)
                    {
        if((strcmp(dent->d_name,".")==0 || strcmp(dent->d_name,"..")==0 || (*dent->d_name) == '.' ))
            {
            }
       else
              {
        printf(dent->d_name);
        printf("\n");
              }
                    }
       }
       close(dir);
     }

Here is a simple way to implement ls command using c. To run use for example ./xls /tmp

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include <dirent.h>
    void main(int argc,char *argv[])
    {
   DIR *dir;
   struct dirent *dent;
   dir = opendir(argv[1]);   

   if(dir!=NULL)
      {
   while((dent=readdir(dir))!=NULL)
                    {
        if((strcmp(dent->d_name,".")==0 || strcmp(dent->d_name,"..")==0 || (*dent->d_name) == '.' ))
            {
            }
       else
              {
        printf(dent->d_name);
        printf("\n");
              }
                    }
       }
       close(dir);
     }
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