在静默模式下使用 perl MooseX 扩展？

Question

我的 ubuntu 机器上安装了 perl 5.10.1。我想安装 Moose 和 MooseX 扩展，所以我使用 aptitude 包管理器安装了这些包。以下是我安装的所有软件包：

$ sudo apt-cache pkgnames | grep moose
libmoosex-singleton-perl
libmoosex-compiletime-traits-perl
libmoosex-types-structured-perl
libmoosex-traits-pluggable-perl
libmoosex-nonmoose-perl
libmoosex-methodattributes-perl
libmoosex-strictconstructor-perl
libmoosex-classattribute-perl
libany-moose-perl
libmoosex-traits-perl
libmoosex-meta-typeconstraint-forcecoercion-perl
libmoosex-attributehelpers-perl
libmoosex-types-set-object-perl
libmoosex-multiinitarg-perl
libmoosex-has-sugar-perl
libmoosex-role-withoverloading-perl
libmoosex-getopt-perl
libmoosex-aliases-perl
libmoosex-types-varianttable-perl
libmoosex-types-datetime-perl
libmoosex-yaml-perl
libmoosex-daemonize-perl
libmoosex-blessed-reconstruct-perl
libmoosex-emulate-class-accessor-fast-perl
libmoosex-poe-perl
libmoose-perl
libmoosex-types-common-perl
libmoosex-async-perl
libmoosex-method-signatures-perl
libmoosex-storage-perl
libmoosex-log-log4perl-perl
libmoose-policy-perl
libmoosex-semiaffordanceaccessor-perl
libmoose-autobox-perl
libmoosex-app-cmd-perl
libmoosex-role-parameterized-perl
libmoosex-params-validate-perl
libmoosex-object-pluggable-perl
libmoosex-declare-perl
libmoosex-lazyrequire-perl
libmoosex-methodattributes
libmoosex-clone-perl
libmoosex-types-perl
libmoosex-types-path-class-perl

我的问题是，为什么当我运行使用 MooseX::* 扩展的代码时会出现乱码？有没有办法开启静音模式？仅使用 Moose 不会在输出中显示任何其他内容，而是显示所需的结果，但如果使用 MooseX::Declare ，我会得到以下结果：

$ ./myPerlProg.pl
The old Moose::Util::MetaRole API (before version 0.94) has been deprecated at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Util/MetaRole.pm line 16
 Moose::Util::MetaRole::apply_metaclass_roles('for_class', 'MooseX::Method::Signatures', 'attribute_metaclass_roles', 'ARRAY(0x9ec2988)') called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 15
 MooseX::LazyRequire::init_meta('MooseX::LazyRequire', 'for_class', 'MooseX::Method::Signatures', 'metaclass', undef) called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Exporter.pm line 355
 Moose::Exporter::__ANON__('MooseX::LazyRequire') called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/Method/Signatures.pm line 10
 MooseX::Method::Signatures::BEGIN() called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval {...} called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 require MooseX/Method/Signatures.pm called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/Declare/Syntax/MethodDeclaration.pm line 5
 MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MethodDeclaration::BEGIN() called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval {...} called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 require MooseX/Declare/Syntax/MethodDeclaration.pm called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Class/MOP.pm line 114
 Class::MOP::__ANON__() called at /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.1/Try/Tiny.pm line 71
 eval {...} called at /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.1/Try/Tiny.pm line 67
 Try::Tiny::try('CODE(0x9acde78)', 'Try::Tiny::Catch=REF(0x9a966a8)') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Class/MOP.pm line 125
 Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MethodDeclaration') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Class/MOP.pm line 137
 Class::MOP::load_class('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MethodDeclaration', undef) called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Util.pm line 109
 Moose::Util::_apply_all_roles('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x9ac6200)', undef, 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MethodDeclaration') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Util.pm line 87
 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x9ac6200)', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MethodDeclaration') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose.pm line 58
 Moose::with('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x9ac6200)', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MethodDeclaration') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Exporter.pm line 294
 Moose::with('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MethodDeclaration') called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/Declare/Syntax/Keyword/MethodModifier.pm line 9
 require MooseX/Declare/Syntax/Keyword/MethodModifier.pm called at (eval 205) line 1
 MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup::BEGIN() called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval {...} called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval 'package MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup; use MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Keyword::MethodModifier;' called at /usr/share/perl5/aliased.pm line 50
 aliased::_load_alias('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Keyword::MethodModifier', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup') called at /usr/share/perl5/aliased.pm line 20
 aliased::import('aliased', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Keyword::MethodModifier') called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/Declare/Syntax/MooseSetup.pm line 8
 MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup::BEGIN() called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval {...} called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 require MooseX/Declare/Syntax/MooseSetup.pm called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Class/MOP.pm line 114
 Class::MOP::__ANON__() called at /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.1/Try/Tiny.pm line 71
 eval {...} called at /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.1/Try/Tiny.pm line 67
 Try::Tiny::try('CODE(0x9ab31c8)', 'Try::Tiny::Catch=REF(0x9a8e398)') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Class/MOP.pm line 125
 Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Class/MOP.pm line 137
 Class::MOP::load_class('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup', undef) called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Util.pm line 109
 Moose::Util::_apply_all_roles('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x9a054b8)', undef, 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::RoleApplication', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Extending') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Util.pm line 87
 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x9a054b8)', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::RoleApplication', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Extending') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose.pm line 58
 Moose::with('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x9a054b8)', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::RoleApplication', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Extending') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.1/Moose/Exporter.pm line 294
 Moose::with('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::MooseSetup', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::RoleApplication', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Extending') called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/Declare/Syntax/Keyword/Class.pm line 7
 require MooseX/Declare/Syntax/Keyword/Class.pm called at (eval 1) line 1
 MooseX::Declare::BEGIN() called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval {...} called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval 'package MooseX::Declare; use MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Keyword::Class;' called at /usr/share/perl5/aliased.pm line 50
 aliased::_load_alias('MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Keyword::Class', 'MooseX::Declare') called at /usr/share/perl5/aliased.pm line 20
 aliased::import('aliased', 'MooseX::Declare::Syntax::Keyword::Class', 'ClassKeyword') called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/Declare.pm line 6
 MooseX::Declare::BEGIN() called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval {...} called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 require MooseX/Declare.pm called at ./myPerlProg10.pl line 3
 main::BEGIN() called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
 eval {...} called at /usr/share/perl5/MooseX/LazyRequire.pm line 10
Variable "$class" is not imported at ./myPerlProg10.pl line 12.

Answer 1

这些是弃用警告（在 Moose 1.09 中引入）。您正在使用的扩展（或您的代码本身）正在使用的功能将在 Moose 的某些未来版本中删除。如果是 MooseX 扩展引起了警告，请查找更新版本。如果这是您的代码，请修复它。

例如，第一个警告（关于使用旧 Moose::Util::MetaRole API 的 MooseX/LazyRequire.pm）应通过安装 MooseX::LazyRequire 0.06。

我从你对 mirod 答案的评论中看到，你从 CPAN 安装了 Moose，但从 aptitude 安装了 MooseX 模块。这就是导致你的问题的原因； Moose 的版本对于您的扩展来说太新了。要么安装 CPAN 中的所有内容，要么安装 aptitude 中的所有内容。对于 Moose 和 MooseX::* 等密切相关的模块，混合使用 CPAN 和 aptitude 安装可能会导致问题。