如何消除 Oracle-SQL-Table 中含义相同的值？

Question

我有一个这样的表：

ID  |  Val1  |  Val2
---------------------
1   |    1   |   2
2   |    1   |   3
3   |    2   |   1
4   |    2   |   3
5   |    3   |   1
6   |    3   |   2

现在我的问题是，1 - 2 的含义与 2 - 1 相同（例如，查看@ ID 1 和 ID 3），我想消除值 1 - 值 2 含义的所有条目与 value 2 - value1 相同（希望你能遵循我的逻辑）。

Answer 1

怎么样：

DELETE t
 WHERE ID IN 
       (SELECT t1.id
          FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 
                      ON (t1.val1 = t2.val2 AND 
                          t1.val2 = t2.val1 AND 
                          t1.id < t2.id));

我任意保留ID值最大的行。

示例：

SQL> CREATE TABLE t (ID INTEGER, val1 INTEGER, val2 INTEGER);

Table created
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(1,1,2);

1 row inserted
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(2,1,3);

1 row inserted
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(3,2,1);

1 row inserted
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(4,2,3);

1 row inserted
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(5,3,1);

1 row inserted
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(6,3,2);

1 row inserted
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(7,4,4);

1 row inserted
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(8,4,4);

1 row inserted
SQL> SELECT * FROM t;

 ID VAL VAL
--- --- ---
  1   1   2
  2   1   3
  3   2   1
  4   2   3
  5   3   1
  6   3   2
  7   4   4
  8   4   4

8 rows selected
SQL> DELETE t
  2   WHERE ID IN (SELECT t1.id
  3                  FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 ON (t1.val1 = t2.val2 AND t1.val2 = t2.val1 AND t1.id < t2.id));

4 rows deleted
SQL> SELECT * FROM t;

 ID VAL VAL
--- --- ---
  3   2   1
  5   3   1
  6   3   2
  8   4   4

SQL> 

轻松适应保留不同的行，例如

DELETE t
 WHERE ID IN 
       (SELECT t1.id
          FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 
                      ON (t1.val1 = t2.val2 AND 
                          t1.val2 = t2.val1 AND 
                          (t2.val1 < t1.val1 OR (t2.val1 = t1.val1 AND t2.id > t1.id))));

UPDATE：
想不出一个真正聪明的方法，所以这是回答评论中问题的蛮力方法：

CREATE TABLE t (ID INTEGER, val1 INTEGER, val2 INTEGER, val3 INTEGER);

INSERT INTO t VALUES (1, 1, 2, 3);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (2, 1, 3, 2);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (3, 2, 1, 3);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (4, 2, 3, 1);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (5, 3, 1, 2);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (6, 3, 2, 1);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (7, 1, 2, 4);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (8, 1, 3, 5);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (9, 1, 4, 2);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (10, 1, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (11, 1, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (12, 1, 3, 5);

SQL> select * from t order by id;

 ID VAL VAL VAL
--- --- --- ---
  1   1   2   3
  2   1   3   2
  3   2   1   3
  4   2   3   1
  5   3   1   2
  6   3   2   1
  7   1   2   4
  8   1   3   5
  9   1   4   2
 10   1   1   1
 11   1   1   1
 12   1   3   5

12 rows selected

DELETE FROM t 
 WHERE ID IN (SELECT t1.ID FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 ON (t1.val1 = t2.val1 AND 
                                                   t1.val2 = t2.val2 AND 
                                                   t1.val3 = t2.val3 AND t1.id < t2.id)
              UNION ALL
              SELECT t1.ID FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 ON (t1.val1 = t2.val1 AND 
                                                   t1.val2 = t2.val3 AND 
                                                   t1.val3 = t2.val2 AND t1.id < t2.id)
              UNION ALL 
              SELECT t1.ID FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 ON (t1.val1 = t2.val2 AND 
                                                   t1.val2 = t2.val1 AND 
                                                   t1.val3 = t2.val3 AND t1.id < t2.id)
              UNION ALL 
              SELECT t1.ID FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 ON (t1.val1 = t2.val2 AND 
                                                   t1.val2 = t2.val3 AND 
                                                   t1.val3 = t2.val1 AND t1.id < t2.id)
              UNION ALL 
              SELECT t1.ID FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 ON (t1.val1 = t2.val3 AND 
                                                   t1.val2 = t2.val1 AND 
                                                   t1.val3 = t2.val2 AND t1.id < t2.id)
              UNION ALL 
              SELECT t1.ID FROM t t1 JOIN t t2 ON (t1.val1 = t2.val3 AND 
                                                   t1.val2 = t2.val2 AND 
                                                   t1.val3 = t2.val1 AND t1.id < t2.id));

select * from t order by id;

 ID VAL VAL VAL
--- --- --- ---
  6   3   2   1
  9   1   4   2
 11   1   1   1
 12   1   3   5

Answer 2

我不记得这个语法在 Oracle 中是否有效（主要是使用 DELETE 主题的别名），但你可以尝试这个：

DELETE
    T1
FROM
    My_Table T1
INNER JOIN My_Table T2 ON
    T2.val1 = T1.val2 AND
    T2.val2 = T1.val2 AND
WHERE
    T1.val1 < T1.val2

由于列的顺序似乎并不重要，我会做一个任意决定，我会向表添加一个约束来检查 val1 <值2。然后，您可以对两列的组合设置唯一约束（如果您还没有），并确保不会再次遇到此问题。

当然，您还需要确保向表中插入行的任何应用程序或代码都知道该约定（val1 应始终是两个值中最小的一个）并遵循该约定。

Answer 3

如果消除意味着不显示，请尝试此操作，这不会返回这些条件的任何行

select * from YourTable t1
where not exists (select * from YourTable t2 
                 where t1.Val1 = t2.Val2 
                 and t1.Val2 = t2.Val1)

Answer 4

delete from YourTable
   where (Val1, Val2)
      in (select Val2, Val1 from YourTable where Val1 > Val2)

这里有一个没有处理好的极端情况。即 Val1 和 Val2 相等的情况。删除除出现一次之外的所有此类行有点棘手。有人有什么想法吗？