我应该如何在 django admin 中表示位标志 int 字段?
我有一个数据模型,其位字段定义如下:
alter table MemberFlags add column title varchar(50) not null default '';
alter table MemberFlags add column value integer( 3) not null default 0;
insert into MemberFlags (title, value) values
("Blacklisted", 1),
("Special Guest", 2),
("Attend Ad-hoc Sessions", 4),
("Attend VIP Sessions", 8),
("Access Facility A", 16),
("Access Facility B", 32)
并像这样使用:
alter table Membership add column title varchar(50) not null default '';
alter table Membership add column flags integer( 3) not null default 0;
insert into Membership (title, flags) values
("Guest Pass", 4+2 ),
("Silver Plan", 16+ 4 ),
("Gold Plan", 32+16+ 4+2 ),
("VIP Pass", 32+16+8+4+2 )
我的问题是:
A)将不同位标志表示为管理站点中单独项目的最简单方法是什么?我应该覆盖模板,还是对表单做一些事情?
B) 搜索列表怎么样?我可以在模型中创建函数来表示每一位,但是如何进行搜索和排序呢?
我是姜戈的新手。
I have a data model with a bitfield defined something like this:
alter table MemberFlags add column title varchar(50) not null default '';
alter table MemberFlags add column value integer( 3) not null default 0;
insert into MemberFlags (title, value) values
("Blacklisted", 1),
("Special Guest", 2),
("Attend Ad-hoc Sessions", 4),
("Attend VIP Sessions", 8),
("Access Facility A", 16),
("Access Facility B", 32)
And used like this:
alter table Membership add column title varchar(50) not null default '';
alter table Membership add column flags integer( 3) not null default 0;
insert into Membership (title, flags) values
("Guest Pass", 4+2 ),
("Silver Plan", 16+ 4 ),
("Gold Plan", 32+16+ 4+2 ),
("VIP Pass", 32+16+8+4+2 )
My questions are:
A) What's the easiest way to represent the different bitflags as separate items in the admin site? Should I override the template, or do something with forms?
B) How about the search list? I could create functions in the model to represent each bit, but how would searching and sorting be done?
I'm new to Django.
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一个经过测试的优秀解决方案,即使它不能立即适合您的模型,也可以使用 django-bitfield
A great tested solution, even if it doesn't fit your model right away, would be using django-bitfield
我认为最好的解决方案是通过子类化
models.Field
来创建新的字段类型。您可以使用 choices 参数来分配有效位标志及其含义。这将有助于保持模型声明的整洁和可读性,最终结果如下:Django 文档有一篇关于如何子类化模型的深入文章。字段:
编写自定义模型字段
它似乎涵盖了您需要做的所有事情,包括:
如果您正在寻找子类字段的示例,此片段可能有用。它的目标是相似的(多个选择作为模型字段),但将它们存储在数据库中的方式不同(它使用 CSV 文本字段而不是位标志)。
I think the best solution here would be for you to create a new field type by subclassing
models.Field
. You could make use of the choices parameter to assign the valid bit flags and their meanings. This would help keep your model declaration clean and readable, with a final result along the lines of:The Django documentation has a great in-depth article on how to go about subclassing models.Field:
Writing Custom Model Fields
It seems to cover everything you need to do, including:
If you're looking for an example of a subclassed field, this snippet might be of use. Its goal is similar (multiple choices as a model field), but its manner of storing them in the database differs (it's using a CSV text field instead of bit flags).
根据安德鲁的回答中的片段,您需要进行以下更改:
Working off the snippet in Andrew's answer, here are the changes you'd need to make:
这就是我在 User 类中使用标志的方式:
当然,您可以创建一个以逗号分隔的字符串来显示在管理视图中,或者您想要的任何内容,而不是打印标志。
对于管理员,只需为每个使用 布尔值团体价值观。
This is how I would use the flags with my User class:
Of course instead of printing the flags, you can create a comma-separated string to display in the admin view, or whatever you desire.
For the admin, just use a boolean for each of the group values.