什么是“图形内存孔径基础”？在英特尔芯片组中？
我试图了解如何在 Intel 芯片组上以 x86 保护模式绘制简单图形。我已经（有点）知道如何使用 VGA 接口来做到这一点，并且我正在尝试了解如何使用 G35 Express 来做到这一点。为此，我正在研究本文档。
我不明白“显存孔径基数”是什么； PCI 配置空间中是否有任何具有该名称的内容？例如，该文件第 164 页写道：
它表示相对于图形的偏移量 内存孔径基址并通过全局GTT映射到物理页。
我还需要学习很多东西，我只浏览了前几卷，但我怀疑这是一个重要的概念。另外，你知道我在哪里可以找到该架构或其他英特尔架构的友好解释吗？
编辑-一些额外的发现
我正在查看另一个英特尔文档，317607.pdf，看起来他们在第231页所谓的“图形内存范围地址”实际上是第58页的“图形内存孔径基址寄存器”然而它是一个从 0x18 开始的 PCI 配置寄存器。
@ SPRQ：谢谢，我认为这与 AGP 孔径类似的概念，但根据同一文档的第 52 页：
注意：PCI Express 中不再存在 AGP Aperture。
这是另一回事。
I'm trying to understand how I can paint simple graphics in x86 protected mode on Intel chipsets. I already (kind of) know how to do that with VGA interface, and I'm trying to understand how I could use G35 Express to do the same. For this purpose I'm studying this document.
I can't understand what "graphics memory aperture base" is; is there anything in the PCI configuration space with that name? For instance, at page 164 the document says:
It represents an offset from the graphics
memory aperture base and is mapped to physical pages through the global GTT.
I still need to study a lot, I only skimmed through the previous volumes, but I suspect this is an important concept. Also, do you know where I can find a friendly explanation of this architecture, or another Intel one?
EDIT - Some additional findings
I'm having a look to another another Intel document, 317607.pdf, and it looks like what they call "Graphics Memory Range Address" at page 231 is actually the "Graphics Memory Aperture Base Register" of page 58. However it's a PCI configuration register starting at 0x18.
@ SPRQ: thank you, i think it's a similar concept to the AGP aperture but according to page 52 of the same document:
Note: AGP Aperture no longer exists with PCI Express.
It's something else.
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“图形内存 Aperture Base”是对 AGP 内存或系统内存的引用，映射后供图形控制器用于图像或命令缓冲区。 GTT 是类似于 CPU MMU 页表的页转换表方案，用于将系统物理内存映射到线性 AGP 地址空间。因此，在 AGP 内存空间中，您可以处理逻辑上连续的地址空间，该地址空间由芯片组和图形控制器映射到 CPU 引用的一组物理内存地址。
"Graphics Memory Aperture Base" is a reference to AGP memory or system memory mapped for use by the graphics controller for image or command buffers. The GTT is a page-translation table scheme similar to CPU MMU page tables for mapping system physical memory to a linear AGP address space. So in AGP memory space you can deal with a logically continuous address space which is mapped by the chipset and graphics controller to a set of physical memory addresses references from the CPU.
一个很好的参考http://msdn .microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff568296(v=vs.85).aspx。这解释了光圈空间的用途。
a good reference http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff568296(v=vs.85).aspx. This explains what aperture space is used for.