用于删除旧备份的脚本或实用程序

Question

我正在为我正在设置的共享点服务器创建备份策略。

每天都有备份运行。

从长远来看，我想保留：

* Daily backups for the last week.
* Weekly backups for the last month.
* Monthly backups for the last year.
* Yearly backups.

如果我在 bash/cygwin 中编写，我会发现编写脚本来清除此策略不需要的备份相当容易。然而，我宁愿不必安装 cygwin，我宁愿使用本机 DOS 脚本或其他一些专用工具来安装。

我的 DOS 脚本编写技能非常原始，所以我想知道是否其他人有我可以使用的类似脚本/实用程序。

干杯!

Answer 1

您可以使用 PowerShell 来实现相当复杂的备份过程。或者您可以使用 Python 或其他可执行脚本语言编写脚本。

PowerShell 一开始可能会很复杂，但它基本上是批处理脚本破解 可以访问 .NET 运行时。

---

注意：我相信 PowerShell 只能在 2003、Vista、Windows 7 上使用（我知道它是它们附带的，至少它可能适用于 XP/2000，但我不确定）。 Python 几乎可以安装在任何东西上。

Answer 2

我最终编写了一个 bash 脚本来做到这一点。 run-backup-maintenance.sh

使用示例：run-backup-maintenance.sh d7w4m12y10 /cygdrive/d/backup ".*.tar"

注意：所有每日备份必须写入：/cygdrive/d/backup/daily

如果运行使用参数 d7w4m12y10，此脚本可确保随着时间的推移：

/cygdrive/d/backup/daily    will contain daily backups for the last 7 days
/cygdrive/d/backup/weekly   will contain weekly backups for the last 4 weeks
/cygdrive/d/backup/monthly  will contain monthly backups for the last 12 months
/cygdrive/d/backup/yearly   will contain yearly backups for the last 10 years

享受！

#!/bin/bash
die () {
    echo >&2 "$@"
    exit 1
}

[ "$#" -eq 3 ] || die "Usage run-backup.sh <options> <backupDir> <artefact>."
\n'"3 arguments required, $# provided."
\n'"Options should be given as d#w#m#y#, where # is a number denoting how long to keep the specified backup period."
\n'"e.g. d7w4m12y10 says that backup will keep: 7 daily backups, 4 weekly backups, 12 monthly backups and 10 yearly backups."

#################################
#PROCESS PARAMETERS
backupDir=$2
artefactPattern=$3

regex="d\([0-9]*\)w\([0-9]*\)m\([0-9]*\)y\([0-9]*\)"
days=`echo $1 | sed "s/$regex/\1/g"`
weeks=`echo $1 | sed "s/$regex/\2/g"`
months=`echo $1 | sed "s/$regex/\3/g"`
years=`echo $1 | sed "s/$regex/\4/g"`

echo "Running backup in folder $backupDir against artefacts matching $artefactPattern keeping: $days days, $weeks weeks, $months months, $years years"

#################################
#YEARLY

if [ $years -ne 0 ]; then
    #Check that the yearly folder has a backup for the last 365 days
    fileListing=`find $backupDir/yearly -mtime -364 | grep "$artefactPattern"`
    if [ "$fileListing" == "" ]; then
        echo 'No files from last 365 days found, taking most recent daily backup...'
        cd $backupDir/daily/
        ls -t1 | grep "$artefactPattern" | head -n1 | xargs -t -I {} cp -r {} ../yearly/
        cd ../..
    else
        echo 'Yearly backup found, no copying required...'
    fi

    #Remove yearly backups older than x years
    find $backupDir/yearly -mtime +$(((years*365)-1)) | grep "$artefactPattern" | xargs rm -rf
fi

#################################
#MONTHLY

if [ $months -ne 0 ]; then
    #Check that the weekly folder has a backup for the last 30 days
    fileListing=`find $backupDir/monthly -mtime -29 | grep "$artefactPattern"`
    if [ "$fileListing" == "" ]; then
        echo 'No files from last 30 days found, taking most recent daily backup...'
        cd $backupDir/daily/
        ls -t1 | grep "$artefactPattern" | head -n1 | xargs -t -I {} cp -r {} ../monthly/
        cd ../..
    else
        echo 'Monthly backup found, no copying required...'
    fi

    #Remove monthly backups older than x months
    find $backupDir/monthly -mtime +$(((months*30)-1)) | grep "$artefactPattern" | xargs rm -rf
fi

#################################
#WEEKLY

if [ $weeks -ne 0 ]; then
    #Check that the weekly folder has a backup for the last 7 days
    fileListing=`find $backupDir/weekly -mtime -6 | grep "$artefactPattern"`
    if [ "$fileListing" == "" ]; then
        echo 'No files from last 7 days found, taking most recent daily backup...'
        cd $backupDir/daily/
        ls -t1 | grep "$artefactPattern" | head -n1 | xargs -t -I {} cp -r {} ../weekly/
        cd ../..
    else
        echo 'Weekly backup found, no copying required...'
    fi

    #Remove weekly backups older than X days
    find $backupDir/weekly -mtime +$(((weeks*7)-1)) | grep "$artefactPattern" | xargs rm -rf
fi

#################################
#DAILY

if [ $days -ne 0 ]; then
    #Remove daily backups older than X days
    find $backupDir/daily -mtime +$((days-1)) | grep "$artefactPattern" | xargs rm -rf
else
    find $backupDir/daily | grep "$artefactPattern" | xargs rm -rf
fi