将字符串重复到一定长度

发布于 2024-09-12 08:16:28 字数 329 浏览 7 评论 0原文

将字符串重复到一定长度的有效方法是什么?例如:repeat('abc', 7) -> 'abcabca'

这是我当前的代码:

def repeat(string, length):
    cur, old = 1, string
    while len(string) < length:
        string += old[cur-1]
        cur = (cur+1)%len(old)
    return string

是否有更好(更Pythonic)的方法来做到这一点?也许使用列表理解?

What is an efficient way to repeat a string to a certain length? Eg: repeat('abc', 7) -> 'abcabca'

Here is my current code:

def repeat(string, length):
    cur, old = 1, string
    while len(string) < length:
        string += old[cur-1]
        cur = (cur+1)%len(old)
    return string

Is there a better (more pythonic) way to do this? Maybe using list comprehension?

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评论(15

几度春秋 2024-09-19 08:16:28

Jason Scheirer 的答案是正确的,但可以进行更多说明。

首先,要重复一个字符串整数次,您可以使用重载乘法:

>>> 'abc' * 7
'abcabcabcabcabcabcabc'

因此,要重复一个字符串,直到它至少与您想要的长度一样长,您可以计算适当的次数重复并将其放在乘法运算符的右侧:

def repeat_to_at_least_length(s, wanted):
    return s * (wanted//len(s) + 1)

>>> repeat_to_at_least_length('abc', 7)
'abcabcabc'

然后,您可以使用数组切片将其修剪为所需的精确长度:

def repeat_to_length(s, wanted):
    return (s * (wanted//len(s) + 1))[:wanted]

>>> repeat_to_length('abc', 7)
'abcabca'

或者,如 pillmod 的答案 可能没有人向下滚动足够远来注意到了,你可以使用 divmod 一次性计算所需的完整重复次数和额外字符数:

def pillmod_repeat_to_length(s, wanted):
    a, b = divmod(wanted, len(s))
    return s * a + s[:b]

哪个更好?让我们对其进行基准测试:

>>> import timeit
>>> timeit.repeat('scheirer_repeat_to_length("abcdefg", 129)', globals=globals())
[0.3964178159367293, 0.32557755894958973, 0.32851039397064596]
>>> timeit.repeat('pillmod_repeat_to_length("abcdefg", 129)', globals=globals())
[0.5276265419088304, 0.46511475392617285, 0.46291469305288047]

所以,pillmod 的版本大约慢了 40%,这太糟糕了,因为我个人认为它更具可读性。造成这种情况的可能原因有几个,首先是它编译的字节码指令增加了大约 40%。

注意:这些示例使用新的 // 运算符来截断整数除法。这通常被称为 Python 3 功能,但根据 PEP 238,它早在 Python 2.2 中就被引入了。您只需在 Python 3 中(或在具有 from __future__ import division 的模块中)使用它,但无论如何您都可以使用它。

Jason Scheirer's answer is correct but could use some more exposition.

First off, to repeat a string an integer number of times, you can use overloaded multiplication:

>>> 'abc' * 7
'abcabcabcabcabcabcabc'

So, to repeat a string until it's at least as long as the length you want, you calculate the appropriate number of repeats and put it on the right-hand side of that multiplication operator:

def repeat_to_at_least_length(s, wanted):
    return s * (wanted//len(s) + 1)

>>> repeat_to_at_least_length('abc', 7)
'abcabcabc'

Then, you can trim it to the exact length you want with an array slice:

def repeat_to_length(s, wanted):
    return (s * (wanted//len(s) + 1))[:wanted]

>>> repeat_to_length('abc', 7)
'abcabca'

Alternatively, as suggested in pillmod's answer that probably nobody scrolls down far enough to notice anymore, you can use divmod to compute the number of full repetitions needed, and the number of extra characters, all at once:

def pillmod_repeat_to_length(s, wanted):
    a, b = divmod(wanted, len(s))
    return s * a + s[:b]

Which is better? Let's benchmark it:

>>> import timeit
>>> timeit.repeat('scheirer_repeat_to_length("abcdefg", 129)', globals=globals())
[0.3964178159367293, 0.32557755894958973, 0.32851039397064596]
>>> timeit.repeat('pillmod_repeat_to_length("abcdefg", 129)', globals=globals())
[0.5276265419088304, 0.46511475392617285, 0.46291469305288047]

So, pillmod's version is something like 40% slower, which is too bad, since personally I think it's much more readable. There are several possible reasons for this, starting with its compiling to about 40% more bytecode instructions.

Note: these examples use the new-ish // operator for truncating integer division. This is often called a Python 3 feature, but according to PEP 238, it was introduced all the way back in Python 2.2. You only have to use it in Python 3 (or in modules that have from __future__ import division) but you can use it regardless.

彼岸花ソ最美的依靠 2024-09-19 08:16:28
def repeat_to_length(string_to_expand, length):
   return (string_to_expand * ((length/len(string_to_expand))+1))[:length]

对于Python3:

def repeat_to_length(string_to_expand, length):
    return (string_to_expand * (int(length/len(string_to_expand))+1))[:length]
def repeat_to_length(string_to_expand, length):
   return (string_to_expand * ((length/len(string_to_expand))+1))[:length]

For python3:

def repeat_to_length(string_to_expand, length):
    return (string_to_expand * (int(length/len(string_to_expand))+1))[:length]
残月升风 2024-09-19 08:16:28

这是相当Pythonic的:

newstring = 'abc'*5
print newstring[0:6]

This is pretty pythonic:

newstring = 'abc'*5
print newstring[0:6]
无名指的心愿 2024-09-19 08:16:28
def rep(s, m):
    a, b = divmod(m, len(s))
    return s * a + s[:b]
def rep(s, m):
    a, b = divmod(m, len(s))
    return s * a + s[:b]
平安喜乐 2024-09-19 08:16:28
from itertools import cycle, islice
def srepeat(string, n):
   return ''.join(islice(cycle(string), n))
from itertools import cycle, islice
def srepeat(string, n):
   return ''.join(islice(cycle(string), n))
聚集的泪 2024-09-19 08:16:28

也许不是最有效的解决方案,但肯定是简短且有效的解决方案。简单:

def repstr(string, length):
    return (string * length)[0:length]

repstr("foobar", 14)

给出“foobarfoobarfo”。这个版本的一件事是,如果 length < len(string) 那么输出字符串将被截断。例如:

repstr("foobar", 3)

给出“foo”。

编辑:实际上令我惊讶的是,这比当前接受的解决方案(“repeat_to_length”函数)更快,至少在短字符串上:

from timeit import Timer
t1 = Timer("repstr('foofoo', 30)", 'from __main__ import repstr')
t2 = Timer("repeat_to_length('foofoo', 30)", 'from __main__ import repeat_to_length')
t1.timeit()  # gives ~0.35 secs
t2.timeit()  # gives ~0.43 secs

大概如果字符串很长,或者长度非常高(也就是说,如果string * length 部分很高),那么它的性能就会很差。事实上我们可以修改上面的内容来验证这一点:

from timeit import Timer
t1 = Timer("repstr('foofoo' * 10, 3000)", 'from __main__ import repstr')
t2 = Timer("repeat_to_length('foofoo' * 10, 3000)", 'from __main__ import repeat_to_length')
t1.timeit()  # gives ~18.85 secs
t2.timeit()  # gives ~1.13 secs

Perhaps not the most efficient solution, but certainly short & simple:

def repstr(string, length):
    return (string * length)[0:length]

repstr("foobar", 14)

Gives "foobarfoobarfo". One thing about this version is that if length < len(string) then the output string will be truncated. For example:

repstr("foobar", 3)

Gives "foo".

Edit: actually to my surprise, this is faster than the currently accepted solution (the 'repeat_to_length' function), at least on short strings:

from timeit import Timer
t1 = Timer("repstr('foofoo', 30)", 'from __main__ import repstr')
t2 = Timer("repeat_to_length('foofoo', 30)", 'from __main__ import repeat_to_length')
t1.timeit()  # gives ~0.35 secs
t2.timeit()  # gives ~0.43 secs

Presumably if the string was long, or length was very high (that is, if the wastefulness of the string * length part was high) then it would perform poorly. And in fact we can modify the above to verify this:

from timeit import Timer
t1 = Timer("repstr('foofoo' * 10, 3000)", 'from __main__ import repstr')
t2 = Timer("repeat_to_length('foofoo' * 10, 3000)", 'from __main__ import repeat_to_length')
t1.timeit()  # gives ~18.85 secs
t2.timeit()  # gives ~1.13 secs
久伴你 2024-09-19 08:16:28

我用这个:

def extend_string(s, l):
    return (s*l)[:l]

i use this:

def extend_string(s, l):
    return (s*l)[:l]
大姐,你呐 2024-09-19 08:16:28

怎么样:

string * (length / len(string)) + string[0:(length % len(string))]

How about:

string * (length / len(string)) + string[0:(length % len(string))]
孤单情人 2024-09-19 08:16:28

并不是说这个问题没有足够的答案,而是有一个重复功能;只需要列出一个列表,然后加入输出:

from itertools import repeat

def rep(s,n):
  ''.join(list(repeat(s,n))

Not that there haven't been enough answers to this question, but there is a repeat function; just need to make a list of and then join the output:

from itertools import repeat

def rep(s,n):
  ''.join(list(repeat(s,n))
时间海 2024-09-19 08:16:28

耶递归!

def trunc(s,l):
    if l > 0:
        return s[:l] + trunc(s, l - len(s))
    return ''

不会永远扩展,但对于较小的字符串来说它很好。而且很漂亮。

我承认我刚刚读了《小阴谋家》,我现在喜欢递归。

Yay recursion!

def trunc(s,l):
    if l > 0:
        return s[:l] + trunc(s, l - len(s))
    return ''

Won't scale forever, but it's fine for smaller strings. And it's pretty.

I admit I just read the Little Schemer and I like recursion right now.

十二 2024-09-19 08:16:28

这是使用列表理解来实现此目的的一种方法,尽管随着 rpt 字符串长度的增加,这种方法越来越浪费。

def repeat(rpt, length):
    return ''.join([rpt for x in range(0, (len(rpt) % length))])[:length]

This is one way to do it using a list comprehension, though it's increasingly wasteful as the length of the rpt string increases.

def repeat(rpt, length):
    return ''.join([rpt for x in range(0, (len(rpt) % length))])[:length]
一笔一画续写前缘 2024-09-19 08:16:28

另一种 FP 方法:

def repeat_string(string_to_repeat, repetitions):
    return ''.join([ string_to_repeat for n in range(repetitions)])

Another FP aproach:

def repeat_string(string_to_repeat, repetitions):
    return ''.join([ string_to_repeat for n in range(repetitions)])
紫南 2024-09-19 08:16:28

目前 print(f"{'abc'*7}") 生成:

abcabcabcabcabcabcabc

Currently print(f"{'abc'*7}") generates:

abcabcabcabcabcabcabc
最美不过初阳 2024-09-19 08:16:28
def extended_string (word, length) :

    extra_long_word = word * (length//len(word) + 1)
    required_string = extra_long_word[:length]
    return required_string

print(extended_string("abc", 7))
def extended_string (word, length) :

    extra_long_word = word * (length//len(word) + 1)
    required_string = extra_long_word[:length]
    return required_string

print(extended_string("abc", 7))
流年里的时光 2024-09-19 08:16:28
c = s.count('a')    
div=n//len(s)    
if n%len(s)==0:
    c= c*div
else:
    m = n%len(s)
    c = c*div+s[:m].count('a')
print(c)
c = s.count('a')    
div=n//len(s)    
if n%len(s)==0:
    c= c*div
else:
    m = n%len(s)
    c = c*div+s[:m].count('a')
print(c)
~没有更多了~
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