Django图像文件上传
我只是不知道如何在 django 中上传图像。我在这里阅读了数十篇博客文章和问题，但其中大多数只是让我更加困惑。
这是我到目前为止所拥有的。这是我的模型：
class Post(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User)
screenshot = models.ImageField(null=True, upload_to="images")
date = models.DateTimeField("date posted", auto_now=True)
text = models.TextField()
这是我使用的表单：
class PostForm(forms.Form):
text = forms.CharField(
widget = forms.Textarea(attrs = {'cols': 40, 'rows': 10}), required=True)
screenshot = forms.ImageField(required=False)
这是我当前处理表单的方式：
if request.method == 'POST':
form = PostForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
if form.is_valid():
post = Post(
user = request.user,
text=form.cleaned_data['text'],
screenshot=form.cleaned_data['screenshot']
)
post.save()
但这不起作用，文件未上传到服务器。根据文件上传文档，我必须编写自己的handle_uploaded_file函数，但该页面没有解释：
- How do I find out where to save the uploaded file?
- 如何将文件分布到多个目录？
- 如何防止两个同名文件互相覆盖？
- 我应该为模型的 ImageField 分配什么值？
看来这些问题已经被解决了一千次了......
I just can't figure out how to upload images in django. I've read dozens of blog posts and questions here, but most of them just confuse me more.
Here is what I have so far. This is my model:
class Post(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User)
screenshot = models.ImageField(null=True, upload_to="images")
date = models.DateTimeField("date posted", auto_now=True)
text = models.TextField()
Here is the form that I use:
class PostForm(forms.Form):
text = forms.CharField(
widget = forms.Textarea(attrs = {'cols': 40, 'rows': 10}), required=True)
screenshot = forms.ImageField(required=False)
And here is how I currently process the form:
if request.method == 'POST':
form = PostForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
if form.is_valid():
post = Post(
user = request.user,
text=form.cleaned_data['text'],
screenshot=form.cleaned_data['screenshot']
)
post.save()
But this doesn't work, the file is not uploaded to the server. According to the documentation on file uploads, I have to write my own handle_uploaded_file function, but that page doesn't explain:
- How do I figure out where to save the uploaded file?
- How do I spread files over multiple directories?
- How do I prevent two files with the same name to overwrite each other?
- What value do I assign to the ImageField of my model?
That seems like those problems have already been solved a thousand times...
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评论（2）
1) 您的
ImageField需要一个upload_to路径：models.ImageField(required=False, upload_to="/relative/path/to/foo/bar")< /code>请注意，IIRC，这是相对于您的 MEDIA_ROOT
2）要将它们分布在目录中，只需设置
upload_to=my_path_naming_method并执行3）如果两个文件具有相同的名称，Django 会给出较新的文件一个
_后缀。例如foo.jpg和 'foo_.jpg' 因此永远不会出现名称冲突4) 我不明白你的意思，但希望 1-3 能让你顺利进行。
1) Your
ImageFieldneeds anupload_topath:models.ImageField(required=False, upload_to="/relative/path/to/foo/bar")Note that, IIRC, this is relative to your MEDIA_ROOT
2) For spreading them over directories, just set
upload_to=my_path_naming_methodand do3) If two files have the same name, Django gives the newer one a
_suffix. egfoo.jpgand 'foo_.jpg' so there is never a name collision4) I don't get what you mean by that, but hopefully 1-3 have got you rolling.
最后，事实证明我的代码是正确的，但我的 Django 版本是错误的。在我升级到 Django 1.2.1（从 1.0.2）后，我的代码工作没有变化。
回答我自己的问题
screenshot=form。 clean_data['screenshot']就像上面的代码一样按预期工作。In the end, it turns out my code was right but my Django version was wrong. After I upgraded to Django 1.2.1 (from 1.0.2), my code worked unchanged.
To answer my own questions
screenshot=form.cleaned_data['screenshot']like in the code above works as expected.