什么是合并模块以及它们如何使用？
什么是合并模块以及它们如何使用？我听说它们是 .msm 文件，但我以前从未见过（我只见过 .msi）。
创建 msi 文件时会使用它们吗？ 它们是否与商业软件一起分发（可能与 msi 文件一起？）
它们有什么意义？他们是否要隐藏需要与开发的软件一起安装（因此一起分发）的常见第三方或 Microsoft 组件的安装程序的实现？
谢谢！
What are merge modules and how are they used? I heard that they are .msm files, but I've never seen that before (I've only seen .msi).
Are they used when you create msi files?
Are they distributed with commercial software (presumably together with msi files?)
What is the point of them? Are they to hide the implementation of the installer for common third party or Microsoft components that need to be installed together with developed software (and therefore distributed together)?
Thanks!
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MSI = Windows Installer Package
MSM = 合并模块
以下是一位安装专家向我解释的方式：“MSI 之于 EXE，正如 MSM 之于 LIB”。
也就是说，MSI 包是一个独立的安装程序包。您构建 MSI 包以分发给客户或供他们直接下载和运行。 MSM 是一个无法直接安装的安装包 - 它必须包含在 MSI 中。例如，Visual C Runtime（msvcrt90.dll 等）作为 MSM 合并模块进行分发。如果您的应用依赖于 CRT，您可以将 Microsoft_VC100_CRT_x86.msm 引用到您的 MSI 中。
构建 MSI 安装程序包和 MSM 合并模块有不同的方法。编写安装包的一种方法是使用 WIX 工具集。以下一些可能感兴趣的链接：
http://wix.sourceforge.net/manual- wix2/overview.htm
http://wix.sourceforge.net/manual- wix2/authoring_merge_modules.htm
MSI = Windows Installer Package
MSM = Merge Module
Here's how one setup guru explained it to me: "MSI is to EXE as MSM is to LIB".
That is, an MSI package is a standalone installer package. You build MSI packages to distribute to customers or for them to download and run directly. Where an MSM is a setup package that can't be installed directly - it has to be included within an MSI. For example, the Visual C Runtime (msvcrt90.dll and friends) are distributed as an MSM merge modules. If your app depends on the CRT, you might reference Microsoft_VC100_CRT_x86.msm into your MSI.
There are different ways to build both MSI installer packages and MSM merge modules. One such way to author setup packages is with the WIX toolset. Some links that may be of interest below:
http://wix.sourceforge.net/manual-wix2/overview.htm
http://wix.sourceforge.net/manual-wix2/authoring_merge_modules.htm