如何使用 unix 命令将文本文件中的列打印为按行？

Question

我有这样的文件.. 例如：

number,dac,amountdac,expdate,0
1111,1,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,2,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,3,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,4,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,5,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,6,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,7,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,8,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,9,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
1111,10,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,1,50.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,2,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,3,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,4,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,5,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,6,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,7,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,8,10.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,9,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
2222,10,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,1,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,2,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,3,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,4,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,5,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,6,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,7,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,8,0.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,9,200.000000,2010-07-21,0
3333,10,50.000000,2010-07-21,0

我想要这样的输出，所有 dac1 到 dac10 的第 1 列编号都是相同的。我给出的标题供您参考。在原始文件中我没有标题。

number,dac1,dac2,dac3,dac4,dac5,dac6,dac7,dac8,dac9,dac10,amountdac1,amountdac2,amountdac3,,amountdac4,amountdac5,amountdac6,amountdac7,amountdac8,amountdac9,,amountdac10,expdate1,expdate2,expdate3,expdate4,expdate5,expdate6,expdate7,expdate8,expdate9,expdate10,0
1111,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,0
2222,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,50.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,10.000000,0.000000,0.000000,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,0
3333,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,0.000000,200.000000,50.000000,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,2010-07-21,0

Answer 1

awk -F"," '{ 
   a[$1];
   b[$1]=b[$1]","$2 
   c[$1]=c[$1]","$3
   d[$1]=d[$1]","$4
   e[$1]=e[$1]","$5 }
END{ for(i in a){ print i,b[i],c[i],d[i],e[i] } } ' file

Answer 2

你可以编写一个 python 脚本来打破这个问题：

numbers = []
dacs = []
amountdacs = []
expdates = []
for row in text:
    number, dac, amountdac, expdate, zero = row.split(',')
    numbers.append(number)
    dacs.append(dac)
    amountdacs.append(amountdac)
    expdates.append(expdate)
# print things out however you want them

如果你比我更容易使用它，你可能可以在 perl 中做类似的事情。

Answer 3

基本上这个想法是我想你需要转置数据。
stackoverflow 有一个类似的问题，有一个非常好的解决方案

剩下的任务就是你需要使用的您的脚本技能来

• 获取数据块，即 10 行
  一次。
• 删除这 10 列中的第一列
  行并转置数据
• 添加第一列值（此处为 1111
  或 2222 或 3333）

应针对输入文件中的所有行递归执行所有上述 3 个步骤。

我想已经提供了一半的解决方案，您可以通过简单的脚本来管理剩下的部分。