我可以使用 android.preference 包执行数据库特定操作吗?

发布于 2024-09-10 23:13:00 字数 95 浏览 9 评论 0原文

我需要一个数据库,可以在其中存储数据并在需要时获取数据。 这可以通过 android.preference 包实现吗? 我不想使用 sqlite 数据库

问候

I need a database in which I can store data and get data whenever I need.
Is this possible with android.preference package.
I do not want to use sqlite database

regards

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蓝眸 2024-09-17 23:13:00

根据 共享首选项 | Android 开发者教程(第 13 部分) 作者:Sai Geetha MN,

许多应用程序可能提供一种捕获用户偏好的方法
特定应用程序或活动的设置。用于配套
为此,Android提供了一组简单的API。

首选项通常是名称值对。它们可以存储为
应用程序中各种活动的“共享首选项”(注意
目前它不能跨进程共享)。或者也可以是
需要存储特定于活动的内容。

  1. 共享首选项:共享首选项可供应用程序外的所有组件(活动、服务等)使用。

    共享

  2. 活动处理的首选项:这些首选项只能在活动中使用,不能被应用程序的其他组件使用。

    活动处理的首选项:这些首选项只能在活动中使用,不能被应用程序的其他组件使用

共享首选项

共享首选项通过 Context 类的 getSharedPreferences 方法进行管理。首选项存储在默认文件 (1) 中,或者您可以指定用于引用首选项的文件名 (2)。

(1) 以下是当您指定文件名

public static final String PREF_FILE_NAME = "PrefFile";
   SharedPreferences preferences = getSharedPreferences(PREF_FILE_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);

MODE_PRIVATE 是首选项的操作模式时获取实例的方式。这是默认模式,意味着创建的文件将仅由调用应用程序访问。支持的其他两种模式是 MODE_WORLD_READABLEMODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE。在MODE_WORLD_READABLE中,其他应用程序可以读取创建的文件,但不能修改它。在 MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE 的情况下,其他应用程序也对所创建的文件具有写入权限。

(2) 推荐的方式是使用默认模式,不指定文件名

SharedPreferences preferences = PreferencesManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);

最后,一旦您有了首选项实例,您可以通过以下方式检索存储的值 来自首选项:

 int storedPreference = preferences.getInt("storedInt", 0);

要在首选项文件中存储值,必须使用SharedPreference.Editor对象。 EditorSharedPreference 类的嵌套接口。

SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
editor.putInt("storedInt", storedPreference); // value to store
editor.commit();

编辑器还支持 remove()clear() 等方法从文件中删除首选项值。

活动首选项

共享首选项可供其他应用程序组件使用。但是,如果您不需要与其他组件共享首选项并希望拥有活动私有首选项。您可以借助 Activity 的 getPreferences() 方法来完成此操作。 getPreference 方法使用 getSharedPreferences() 方法,并将活动类的名称作为首选项文件名。

以下是获取首选项的代码。

SharedPreferences preferences = getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
int storedPreference = preferences.getInt("storedInt", 0);

存储值的代码也与共享首选项的情况相同。

SharedPreferences preferences = getPreference(MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
editor.putInt("storedInt", storedPreference); // value to store
editor.commit();

您还可以使用其他方法,例如将活动状态存储在数据库中。注意 Android 还包含一个名为 android.preference 的包。该包定义了用于实现应用程序首选项 UI 的类。

要查看更多示例,请查看 Android 的 数据存储< /a> 在开发者网站上发布。

According to Shared Preferences | Android Developer Tutorial (Part 13) by Sai Geetha M N,

Many applications may provide a way to capture user preferences on the
settings of a specific application or an activity. For supporting
this, Android provides a simple set of APIs.

Preferences are typically name value pairs. They can be stored as
“Shared Preferences” across various activities in an application (note
currently it cannot be shared across processes). Or it can be
something that needs to be stored specific to an activity.

  1. Shared Preferences: The shared preferences can be used by all the components (activities, services etc) off the applications.

  2. Activity handled preferences: These preferences can only be used with in the activity and can not be used by other components of the application.

Shared Preferences:

The shared preferences are managed with the help of getSharedPreferences method of the Context class. The preferences are stored in a default file(1) or you can specify a file name(2) to be used to refer to the preferences.

(1) Here is how you get the instance when you specify the file name

public static final String PREF_FILE_NAME = "PrefFile";
   SharedPreferences preferences = getSharedPreferences(PREF_FILE_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);

MODE_PRIVATE is the operating mode for the preferences. It is the default mode and means the created file will be accessed by only the calling application. Other two mode supported are MODE_WORLD_READABLE and MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE. In MODE_WORLD_READABLE other application can read the created file but can not modify it. In case of MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE other applications also have write permissions for the created file.

(2) The recommended way is to use by the default mode, without specifying the file name

SharedPreferences preferences = PreferencesManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);

Finally, once you have the preferences instance, here is how you can retrieve the stored values from the preferences:

 int storedPreference = preferences.getInt("storedInt", 0);

To store values in the preference file SharedPreference.Editor object has to be used. Editor is the nested interface of the SharedPreference class.

SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
editor.putInt("storedInt", storedPreference); // value to store
editor.commit();

Editor also support methods like remove() and clear() to delete the preference value from the file.

Activity Preferences:

The shared preferences can be used by other application components. But if you do not need to share the preferences with other components and want to have activities private preferences. You can do that with the help of getPreferences() method of the activity. The getPreference method uses the getSharedPreferences() method with the name of the activity class for the preference file name.

Following is the code to get preferences

SharedPreferences preferences = getPreferences(MODE_PRIVATE);
int storedPreference = preferences.getInt("storedInt", 0);

The code to store values is also same as in case of shared preferences.

SharedPreferences preferences = getPreference(MODE_PRIVATE);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
editor.putInt("storedInt", storedPreference); // value to store
editor.commit();

You can also use other methods like storing the activity state in database. Note Android also contains a package called android.preference. The package defines classes to implement application preferences UI.

To see some more examples check Android's Data Storage post on developers site.

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