这个 awk 正则表达式替换有什么问题？

Question

我在使用 awk 正则表达式匹配替换 xml 文件中的某些文本时遇到一个特殊问题。

xml 文件很简单。每个 xml 的节点中有一段文本，awk 程序用从文本文件 rtxt 中选取的另一段文本替换该文本。但由于某种原因，rtxt 中的文本（标记为“42”）替换 42.xml 中的文本不会产生正确的替换。

toxml.awk 写入标准输出。它首先打印读取到的 xml，然后打印最终的替换结果。

我实际上有这些 xml 文件的集合，我用从较长的 rtxt 中选取的文本进行替换。碰巧这个特定的替换（对于 42.xml）不起作用。元素中的文本不会被替换，而是另一个标签会嵌套在现有标签中。

---

toxml.awk

BEGIN{
    srcfile = "rtxt"
    FS = "|"

    while (getline <srcfile) {
    xmlfile = $1 ".xml"
    rep = "<narrative>" $2 "</narrative>"

    ## read in the xml file in one go.
    ## (the last tag will be missing.)
    RS = "</topic>"
    FS = "</topic>"

    getline <xmlfile
    #print $0
    close(xmlfile)

    ## replace
    subs = gsub(/<narrative>.*<\/narrative>/, rep, $0)

    ## append the closing tag
    subs = gsub(/[ \n\r\t]+$/, "\n</topic>", $0)
    print $0

    ## restore them before reading rtxt.
    RS = "\n"
    FS = "|"
    }

    close(srcfile)
}

---

rtxt

42|显示 Java 培训机构详细信息的结果以及提供 Java 解决方案的 IT 公司也被认为是不相关的。 Java 是 Sun Microsystems 开发的一种流行的编程语言。我有兴趣了解这种编程语言，也有兴趣用它学习编程。为了具有相关性，结果应该提供有关 Java 和 Java 的历史的信息。关于 Java 的不同版本以及 Java 中的不同概念。如果能找到学习 Java 的教程就好了。仅与 Sun Microsystems 相关但与 Java 无关的结果被认为是不相关的。我喜欢查找讨论这种编程语言以及各种概念和内容的文章。它的版本。

---

42.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE topic SYSTEM "topic.dtd">
<topic id="2009042" ct_no="227">

  <title>sun java</title>

  <castitle>//article[about(.//language, java) or about(.,sun)]//sec[about(.//language, java)]</castitle>

  <phrasetitle>"sun java"</phrasetitle>

  <description>Find information about Sun Microsystem's Java language</description>

  <narrative>Java is a popular programming language developed at Sun Microsystems. I am interested to know about this programming language, and also to learn programming with it.    To be relevant, a result should give information on history of Java &amp; on different versions of Java, and on different concepts in Java. Its good if I find tutorials for learning Java. Results related only to Sun Microsystems but not Java are considered non-relevant. Results showing details of training institutes for Java, and IT companies which provide Java solutions are also considered non-relevant. I like to find articles that discuss this programming language and various concepts &amp; versions of it.  </narrative>

</topic>

---

Answer 1

只是一个开始

#!/bin/bash

awk 'BEGIN{FS="|"}
FNR==NR{  nar[$1]=$2; next }
END{
  for(i=2;i<ARGC;i++){
     xmlfile=ARGV[i]
     split(xmlfile,fname,".")
     print "Doing file: "xmlfile
     print "---------------------------------"
     while( (getline line < xmlfile ) > 0)  {
         if ( line ~ /<narrative>/ ){
            line="<narrative>"nar[fname[1]]"</narrative>"
         }
         print line
     }
  }
}' rtxt 42.xml 71.xml