IP 地理定位到底有多准确？
我正在为我的朋友设置一个 iPhone 跟踪系统，这样他们就可以通过 iPhone 随时随地通过 WiFi 或蜂窝数据将他们的位置提交到我的网站。
该网站将使用谷歌地图进行协调，以便我的其他朋友可以跟踪他们的位置，但是，我关心的是 IP 与谷歌地图协调的准确性，使用谷歌到底有多准确可以通过 IP 地址追踪位置的地图吗？
我本来想的是95%，但这是在一个村庄测试的，相当准确，但如果是在城市呢？这会导致定位不准确吗？
任何善意的帮助表示赞赏。
I'm setting up a iPhone tracking system for my friends, so they can submit their location to my website by their iPhone, anywhere, anytime - by WiFi or cellular data.
The website will use Google Maps for their coordination's so that my other friends can track where they are, however, it is the accuracy of the IP to coordinates to Google Maps is what I'm concerned about, exactly how accurate is it to use Google Maps that would track down the locations by an IP address?
I was thinking about 95%, but this was tested in a village which was quite fairly accurate, but what happens if it was in a city? Would this cause unaccurate locations?
Any kind help appreciated.
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IP 地理定位确实是随机的，具体取决于用户的 ISP 如何分配 IP 以及您正在使用的 IP 地理定位数据库。例如，我制作了一个简单的 PHP 脚本 IP2FireEagle，它会查找您的 IP。我发现数据库一直将我定位到距离实际位置以西 10 多公里的位置。更新我在 主机 IP 中的条目并不是最好的，因为它很快就被恢复了，大概也有人偶尔会恢复该 IP 由我的 ISP 分配！话虽这么说，我发现 Clarke 的坐标非常准确（并不是说它本身使用 IP 地理定位，而是使用 Skyhook 的 API 及其 WiFi 地理定位数据库）。
如果这是您朋友的网站，并且您知道他们有 iPhone，我建议使用其 浏览器对
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition()的支持。也就是说，通过 Javascript 获取位置并通过 AJAX 调用将其提交到您的服务器。更好的是，因为您想使用 Google 地图，所以它们会为您提供 关于如何获取朋友的位置然后更新地图的简短教程。IP geolocation is really hit-or-miss, depending on both how the user's ISP assigns IPs and on the IP geolocation database you're using. For instance, I made a simple PHP script, IP2FireEagle, which looks up your IP. I found that the database kept placing me 10+ km to the west of where I really was. Updating my entry in Host IP wasn't the greatest, as it soon got reverted, presumably by someone also occasionally assigned that IP by my ISP! That being said, I found that Clarke has very accurate coordinates (not that this it's using IP geolocation per se but rather Skyhook's API and their WiFi geolocation database).
If it's a website for your friends and you know they have iPhones, I would suggest using its browser's support for
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(). That is, get the location via Javascript and submit it to your server via an AJAX call. Even better since you want to use Google Maps, they give you a short tutorial on how get your friends' locations and then update a map.IP 定位自广告诞生之初就已存在服务。编写从请求中剥离 IP 地址、将其与数据库进行比较并相应地投放广告的代码并不难。正如我们将看到的，真正的困难是建立和维护知识产权数据库。
知识产权数据库信息的首批应用之一是针对特定地理区域。大多数商业广告管理系统都具有 IP 数据库，可以实现地理定位。然而，这种方法有一些缺点。第一个（也是最大的）问题是，由于各种原因，并非所有 IP 都可以映射到准确的位置。
以与 AOL 用户关联的所有 IP 为例。任何看过 WebTrends 报告的人都知道，所有 AOL 用户似乎都来自弗吉尼亚州的某个地方。这是由于 AOL 使用代理服务器来处理其 Web 请求造成的。
为了节省篇幅，我们不会深入探讨 AOL 使用代理服务器的原因。重要的是，AOL 确实使用它们，因此，其所有用户似乎都是从弗吉尼亚州访问网络。因此，不可能将有意义的地理位置数据附加到 AOL IP，并且必须从任何想要保持合理准确度的数据库中丢弃这些 IP。
其他 ISP 和网络可能会为其用户使用一种称为动态 IP 分配的方法。换句话说，用户每次访问 Internet 时都可能拥有不同的 IP 地址。您可以看到这可能如何影响数据库的准确性。
但从 IP 地址中辨别地理位置的真正困难在于媒体策划者可能期望这种定位方法的具体程度。我在职业生涯早期组织的前几个地理定位活动必须精确到邮政编码级别。这种级别的特异性通过 IP 定位是不切实际的。
IP targeting has been around since the early days of ad serving. It's not very hard to write code that will strip the IP address from a request, compare it to a database, and deliver an ad accordingly. The true difficulty, as we shall see, is building and maintaining an IP database.
One of the first applications of information in an IP database was targeting to specific geographic regions. Most commercial ad management systems have IP databases that can make geographic targeting possible. However, there are a couple weaknesses in this method. The first (and biggest) problem is that, for various reasons, not all IPs can be mapped to an accurate location.
Take all the IPs associated with AOL users, for instance. Anybody who has seen a WebTrends report knows that all AOL users appear to be coming from somewhere in Virginia. This is caused by AOL's use of proxy servers to handle their web requests.
In the interest of saving space, we won't get into the reasons why AOL makes use of proxy servers. The important thing is that AOL does use them, and as a result, all its users appear to be accessing the web from Virginia. Thus, it is impossible to attach meaningful geographic location data to an AOL IP, and those IPs must be discarded from any database that wants to maintain a reasonable degree of accuracy.
Other ISPs and networks may use a method known as dynamic IP allocation for its users. In other words, a user might have a different IP address every time he visits the Internet. You can see how this might affect the accuracy of a database.
But the real difficulty in discerning geography from an IP address has to do with the level of specificity that a media planner might expect from this targeting method. The first few geo-targeted campaigns that I put together early in my career had to be accurate to the ZIP code level. This level of specificity is not practical via IP targeting.