hpricot 的编码问题
当尝试在 ruby 1.9 中使用 hpricot 抓取网页时，我收到以下编码错误：
Encoding::CompatibilityError: incompatible character encodings: ASCII-8BIT and UTF-8
我可以通过执行以下操作来重现该错误：
ska:~ sam$ rvm 1.9.2@hpricot
ska:~ sam$ ruby -v
ruby 1.9.2dev (2010-05-31 revision 28117) [x86_64-darwin10.4.0]
ska:~ sam$ gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS ***
hpricot (0.8.2)
rake (0.8.7)
rdoc (2.5.8)
ska:~ sam$ irb
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > require 'rubygems'
=> false
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > require 'hpricot'
=> true
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > require 'open-uri'
=> true
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > page = Hpricot(open('http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0435761/'))
=> #<Hpricot::Doc "\n" {doctype "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">"} "\n" {elem <html xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml"> "\n" {elem <head> "\n" __TRUNCATED__
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > page.search("//div[@class = 'info-content").collect { |f| f.inner_text }.join(', ')
Encoding::CompatibilityError: incompatible character encodings: ASCII-8BIT and UTF-8
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `join'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from (irb):5:in `block in irb_binding'
from (irb):5:in `collect'
from (irb):5
from /Users/sam/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-preview3/bin/irb:17:in `<main>'ruby-1.9.2-preview3 >
I am getting the following encoding error when trying to scrape web pages with hpricot in ruby 1.9:
Encoding::CompatibilityError: incompatible character encodings: ASCII-8BIT and UTF-8
I can reproduce the error by doing the following:
ska:~ sam$ rvm 1.9.2@hpricot
ska:~ sam$ ruby -v
ruby 1.9.2dev (2010-05-31 revision 28117) [x86_64-darwin10.4.0]
ska:~ sam$ gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS ***
hpricot (0.8.2)
rake (0.8.7)
rdoc (2.5.8)
ska:~ sam$ irb
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > require 'rubygems'
=> false
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > require 'hpricot'
=> true
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > require 'open-uri'
=> true
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > page = Hpricot(open('http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0435761/'))
=> #<Hpricot::Doc "\n" {doctype "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">"} "\n" {elem <html xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml"> "\n" {elem <head> "\n" __TRUNCATED__
ruby-1.9.2-preview3 > page.search("//div[@class = 'info-content").collect { |f| f.inner_text }.join(', ')
Encoding::CompatibilityError: incompatible character encodings: ASCII-8BIT and UTF-8
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `join'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `block in inner_text'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `map'
from /Users/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-preview3@hpricot/gems/hpricot-0.8.2/lib/hpricot/traverse.rb:160:in `inner_text'
from (irb):5:in `block in irb_binding'
from (irb):5:in `collect'
from (irb):5
from /Users/sam/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-preview3/bin/irb:17:in `<main>'ruby-1.9.2-preview3 >
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使用 Nokogiri
Use Nokogiri
尝试将 xpath 从： 更改
page.search("//div[@class = 'info-content")为：
page.search('//div[@class=info-content]')在 IRB 中运行示例会给出：
ruby-1.9.1-p378 > page.search("//div[@class=info-content]").map{ |i| i.inner_text }[0] => "Down 66% in popularity this week. See why on IMDbPro."Try changing the xpath from:
page.search("//div[@class = 'info-content")to:
page.search('//div[@class=info-content]')Running a sample in IRB gives me:
ruby-1.9.1-p378 > page.search("//div[@class=info-content]").map{ |i| i.inner_text }[0] => "Down 66% in popularity this week. See why on IMDbPro."