用Boost Spirit解析,获得额外物品

发布于 2024-09-08 02:11:00 字数 8435 浏览 9 评论 0原文

这篇文章很长,代码很多,所以我希望 Stack Overflow 能够处理它。 :P

我正在尝试使用 Boost Spirit 编写一个 SVG 解析器。我有一个用“轮廓”填充向量的语法,“轮廓”是“贝塞尔点”的向量,可以表示常规点或具有贝塞尔控件的点。

到目前为止,我有这个(尚未处理相对绘制命令):

#ifndef SVG_PARSER_HPP
#define SVG_PARSER_HPP

#include <vector>

#include "boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp"
#include "boost/spirit/include/phoenix.hpp"

#include "boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp"
#include "boost/fusion/include/std_pair.hpp"

namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
namespace phoenix = boost::phoenix;
namespace ascii = boost::spirit::ascii;

struct Point
{
    Point(const double nx = 0.0, const double ny = 0.0) : x(nx), y(ny)
    {}

    double x;
    double y;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    Point,
    (double, x)
    (double, y)
)

struct BezierPoint
{
    BezierPoint(const double x = 0.0, const double y = 0.0) :
      point(x, y), control1(0.0, 0.0), control2(0.0, 0.0) {}

    BezierPoint(const Point &p) : point(p), control1(0.0, 0.0),
      control2(0.0, 0.0) {}

    Point point; // End point.  Start point is in the BezierPoint that
                 // came before it.

    // Todo: Set these to be coincident with point for non-curve points.
    Point control1;
    Point control2;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    BezierPoint,
    (Point, control1)
    (Point, control2)
    (Point, point)
)

typedef std::vector<BezierPoint> BezierVec;
typedef std::vector<BezierVec> Contours;

template <typename Iterator>
struct PathGrammar : qi::grammar<Iterator, Contours()>
{
    ///////////////////////////
    // SVG is a damn monster //
    ///////////////////////////

    PathGrammar() : PathGrammar::base_type(path_data)
    {
        using qi::char_;
        using qi::double_;
        using qi::_val;
        using qi::_1;

        using phoenix::push_back;
        using phoenix::insert;
        using phoenix::begin;
        using phoenix::end;
        using phoenix::construct;
        using phoenix::val;

        using ascii::space;

        path_data = *space >> -moveto_drawto_command_groups
          >> *space;

        moveto_drawto_command_groups = moveto_drawto_command_group
          % *space;
        moveto_drawto_command_group = moveto[
           insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
          ] >> *space
          >> -drawto_commands[
           insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
          ];

        // Draw commands are (optionally) followed by a closepath
        // command.
        drawto_commands = (drawto_command[
           insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
          ] % *space) >> *space >> -closepath;
        drawto_command =  lineto | horizontal_lineto
          | vertical_lineto | curveto | smooth_curveto;

        moveto = ( char_('M') | char_('m') ) >> *space
          >> lineto_argument_sequence;

        closepath = (char_('Z') | char_('z'));

        lineto = ( char_('L') | char_('l') ) >> *space
          >> lineto_argument_sequence;
        lineto_argument_sequence = coordinate_pair[
           push_back(_val, construct<BezierPoint>(_1))
          ] % -comma_space;

        horizontal_lineto = ( char_('H') | char_('h') ) >> *space
          >> horizontal_lineto_argument_sequence;
        horizontal_lineto_argument_sequence = coordinate[
           push_back(_val, construct<BezierPoint>(_1, val(0.0)))
          ] % -comma_space;

        vertical_lineto = ( char_('V') | char_('v') ) >> *space
          >> vertical_lineto_argument_sequence;
        vertical_lineto_argument_sequence = coordinate[
           push_back(_val, construct<BezierPoint>(val(0.0), _1))
          ] % -comma_space;

        curveto = ( char_('C') | char_('c') ) >> *space
          >> curveto_argument_sequence;
        curveto_argument_sequence = curveto_argument % -comma_space;
        curveto_argument = coordinate_pair >> -comma_space
          >> coordinate_pair >> -comma_space >> coordinate_pair;

        smooth_curveto = ( char_('S') | char_('s') ) >> *space
          >> smooth_curveto_argument_sequence;
        smooth_curveto_argument_sequence = smooth_curveto_argument
          % -comma_space;
        smooth_curveto_argument = coordinate_pair >> -comma_space
          >> coordinate_pair;

        coordinate_pair = (double_ >> -comma_space >> double_);
        coordinate = double_;
        comma_space = (+space >> -char_(',') >> *space)
          | (char_(',') >> *space);
    }

    // Quadratic curves are not supported

    qi::rule<Iterator, Contours()> path_data;

    qi::rule<Iterator, Contours()> moveto_drawto_command_groups;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_drawto_command_group;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_commands;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_command;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator> closepath;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> lineto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> lineto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> horizontal_lineto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()>
      horizontal_lineto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> vertical_lineto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> vertical_lineto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> curveto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> curveto_argument_sequence;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierPoint()> curveto_argument;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> smooth_curveto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> smooth_curveto_argument_sequence;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierPoint()> smooth_curveto_argument;

    qi::rule<Iterator, Point()> coordinate_pair;
    qi::rule<Iterator, double()> coordinate;
    qi::rule<Iterator> comma_space;
};

#endif

语法是这样调用的:

typedef string::const_iterator StrItr;

PathGrammar<StrItr> grammar;

Contours paths;

StrItr startIt = pathData.begin();
StrItr endIt = pathData.end();
qi::parse(startIt, endIt, grammar, paths);

BOOST_FOREACH(BezierVec v, paths)
{
    cout << "Path:" << endl;
    BOOST_FOREACH(BezierPoint p, v)
    {
        cout << '\t' << p.point.x << ", " << p.point.y << endl;
    }
}

这是我当前的测试字符串:

M26.591,0L0,22.348l25.46,23.479L12.306,100l36.067-23.619L85.008,28.43L26.591,0z M30.553,34.23
    l-8.487-10.467l9.052-5.234l25.601,8.77l-3.109,12.729L30.553,34.23z

字符串重新格式化以使其更易于阅读:

M 26.591,   0
L  0    ,  22.348
l 25.46 ,  23.479
L 12.306, 100
l 36.067, -23.619
L 85.008,  28.43
L 26.591,   0
z
M 30.553,  34.23
l -8.487, -10.467
l  9.052,  -5.234
l 25.601,   8.77
l -3.109,  12.729
L 30.553,  34.23
z

这是输出:

Path:
    77, 0
    26.591, 0
    76, 0
    0, 22.348
    108, 0
    25.46, 23.479
    76, 0
    12.306, 100
    108, 0
    36.067, -23.619
    76, 0
    85.008, 28.43
    76, 0
    26.591, 0
Path:
    77, 0
    30.553, 34.23
    108, 0
    -8.487, -10.467
    108, 0
    9.052, -5.234
    108, 0
    25.601, 8.77
    108, 0
    -3.109, 12.729
    76, 0
    30.553, 34.23

语法正在查看点,但它不断添加所有这些额外的积分,我不知道它们来自哪里。

PS

我也想知道我的一些规则。首先有一条规则:

qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_commands;
qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_command;

...

drawto_commands = (drawto_command[
   insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
  ] % *space) >> *space >> -closepath;

我希望将 (drawto_command % *space) 的结果作为单个向量而不是向量的向量。据我所知,我必须使用 Phoenix 手动执行此操作。是这样吗?

我的 moveto 规则也有类似的情况:

qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_drawto_command_group;
qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto;
qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_argument_sequence;

...

moveto_drawto_command_group = moveto[
   insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
  ] >> *space
  >> -drawto_commands[
   insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
  ];

我有两个给出 BezierVec 的规则,我想将其合并为第三个规则的单个 BezierVec。到目前为止,唯一的方法似乎是使用 Phoenix 手动插入。难道就没有更简单的办法吗?

This is long with a lot of code, so I hope Stack Overflow can cope with it. :P

I'm trying to write an SVG parser with Boost Spirit. I have a grammar that populates a vector with "Contours," which are vectors of "BezierPoints," which may represent either regular points or points with bezier controls.

So far I have this (not handling relative draw commands yet):

#ifndef SVG_PARSER_HPP
#define SVG_PARSER_HPP

#include <vector>

#include "boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp"
#include "boost/spirit/include/phoenix.hpp"

#include "boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp"
#include "boost/fusion/include/std_pair.hpp"

namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
namespace phoenix = boost::phoenix;
namespace ascii = boost::spirit::ascii;

struct Point
{
    Point(const double nx = 0.0, const double ny = 0.0) : x(nx), y(ny)
    {}

    double x;
    double y;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    Point,
    (double, x)
    (double, y)
)

struct BezierPoint
{
    BezierPoint(const double x = 0.0, const double y = 0.0) :
      point(x, y), control1(0.0, 0.0), control2(0.0, 0.0) {}

    BezierPoint(const Point &p) : point(p), control1(0.0, 0.0),
      control2(0.0, 0.0) {}

    Point point; // End point.  Start point is in the BezierPoint that
                 // came before it.

    // Todo: Set these to be coincident with point for non-curve points.
    Point control1;
    Point control2;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    BezierPoint,
    (Point, control1)
    (Point, control2)
    (Point, point)
)

typedef std::vector<BezierPoint> BezierVec;
typedef std::vector<BezierVec> Contours;

template <typename Iterator>
struct PathGrammar : qi::grammar<Iterator, Contours()>
{
    ///////////////////////////
    // SVG is a damn monster //
    ///////////////////////////

    PathGrammar() : PathGrammar::base_type(path_data)
    {
        using qi::char_;
        using qi::double_;
        using qi::_val;
        using qi::_1;

        using phoenix::push_back;
        using phoenix::insert;
        using phoenix::begin;
        using phoenix::end;
        using phoenix::construct;
        using phoenix::val;

        using ascii::space;

        path_data = *space >> -moveto_drawto_command_groups
          >> *space;

        moveto_drawto_command_groups = moveto_drawto_command_group
          % *space;
        moveto_drawto_command_group = moveto[
           insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
          ] >> *space
          >> -drawto_commands[
           insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
          ];

        // Draw commands are (optionally) followed by a closepath
        // command.
        drawto_commands = (drawto_command[
           insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
          ] % *space) >> *space >> -closepath;
        drawto_command =  lineto | horizontal_lineto
          | vertical_lineto | curveto | smooth_curveto;

        moveto = ( char_('M') | char_('m') ) >> *space
          >> lineto_argument_sequence;

        closepath = (char_('Z') | char_('z'));

        lineto = ( char_('L') | char_('l') ) >> *space
          >> lineto_argument_sequence;
        lineto_argument_sequence = coordinate_pair[
           push_back(_val, construct<BezierPoint>(_1))
          ] % -comma_space;

        horizontal_lineto = ( char_('H') | char_('h') ) >> *space
          >> horizontal_lineto_argument_sequence;
        horizontal_lineto_argument_sequence = coordinate[
           push_back(_val, construct<BezierPoint>(_1, val(0.0)))
          ] % -comma_space;

        vertical_lineto = ( char_('V') | char_('v') ) >> *space
          >> vertical_lineto_argument_sequence;
        vertical_lineto_argument_sequence = coordinate[
           push_back(_val, construct<BezierPoint>(val(0.0), _1))
          ] % -comma_space;

        curveto = ( char_('C') | char_('c') ) >> *space
          >> curveto_argument_sequence;
        curveto_argument_sequence = curveto_argument % -comma_space;
        curveto_argument = coordinate_pair >> -comma_space
          >> coordinate_pair >> -comma_space >> coordinate_pair;

        smooth_curveto = ( char_('S') | char_('s') ) >> *space
          >> smooth_curveto_argument_sequence;
        smooth_curveto_argument_sequence = smooth_curveto_argument
          % -comma_space;
        smooth_curveto_argument = coordinate_pair >> -comma_space
          >> coordinate_pair;

        coordinate_pair = (double_ >> -comma_space >> double_);
        coordinate = double_;
        comma_space = (+space >> -char_(',') >> *space)
          | (char_(',') >> *space);
    }

    // Quadratic curves are not supported

    qi::rule<Iterator, Contours()> path_data;

    qi::rule<Iterator, Contours()> moveto_drawto_command_groups;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_drawto_command_group;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_commands;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_command;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator> closepath;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> lineto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> lineto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> horizontal_lineto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()>
      horizontal_lineto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> vertical_lineto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> vertical_lineto_argument_sequence;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> curveto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> curveto_argument_sequence;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierPoint()> curveto_argument;

    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> smooth_curveto;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> smooth_curveto_argument_sequence;
    qi::rule<Iterator, BezierPoint()> smooth_curveto_argument;

    qi::rule<Iterator, Point()> coordinate_pair;
    qi::rule<Iterator, double()> coordinate;
    qi::rule<Iterator> comma_space;
};

#endif

The grammar is invoked like this:

typedef string::const_iterator StrItr;

PathGrammar<StrItr> grammar;

Contours paths;

StrItr startIt = pathData.begin();
StrItr endIt = pathData.end();
qi::parse(startIt, endIt, grammar, paths);

BOOST_FOREACH(BezierVec v, paths)
{
    cout << "Path:" << endl;
    BOOST_FOREACH(BezierPoint p, v)
    {
        cout << '\t' << p.point.x << ", " << p.point.y << endl;
    }
}

And this is my current test string:

M26.591,0L0,22.348l25.46,23.479L12.306,100l36.067-23.619L85.008,28.43L26.591,0z M30.553,34.23
    l-8.487-10.467l9.052-5.234l25.601,8.77l-3.109,12.729L30.553,34.23z

The string reformated to make it easier to read:

M 26.591,   0
L  0    ,  22.348
l 25.46 ,  23.479
L 12.306, 100
l 36.067, -23.619
L 85.008,  28.43
L 26.591,   0
z
M 30.553,  34.23
l -8.487, -10.467
l  9.052,  -5.234
l 25.601,   8.77
l -3.109,  12.729
L 30.553,  34.23
z

Here is the output:

Path:
    77, 0
    26.591, 0
    76, 0
    0, 22.348
    108, 0
    25.46, 23.479
    76, 0
    12.306, 100
    108, 0
    36.067, -23.619
    76, 0
    85.008, 28.43
    76, 0
    26.591, 0
Path:
    77, 0
    30.553, 34.23
    108, 0
    -8.487, -10.467
    108, 0
    9.052, -5.234
    108, 0
    25.601, 8.77
    108, 0
    -3.109, 12.729
    76, 0
    30.553, 34.23

The grammar is seeing the points, but it keeps putting in all these extra points and I have no idea where they're coming from.

P.S.

I'm also wondering about a couple of my rules. First there's this rule:

qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_commands;
qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> drawto_command;

...

drawto_commands = (drawto_command[
   insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
  ] % *space) >> *space >> -closepath;

I want to have the results of (drawto_command % *space) as a single vector instead of a vector of vectors. As far as I can tell, I have to do this manually with Phoenix. Is that the case?

I have a similar thing with my moveto rules:

qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_drawto_command_group;
qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto;
qi::rule<Iterator, BezierVec()> moveto_argument_sequence;

...

moveto_drawto_command_group = moveto[
   insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
  ] >> *space
  >> -drawto_commands[
   insert(_val, end(_val), begin(_1), end(_1))
  ];

I have two rules that give a BezierVec, which I want to combine into a single BezierVec for the third rule. So far the only way to do this appears to be manual insertion with Phoenix. Is there no simpler way?

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忆离笙 2024-09-15 02:11:00

输出中的附加值由 ASCII 字符 'M' == 77'L' == 76'l' == 108< 生成当您使用 char_('M') 等进行匹配时,会发生这种情况,这会将匹配的值公开为 char 属性。编译器很乐意将其分配给输出数组中的 double 值。为了避免这种情况,请使用 lit('M'),或仅使用 'M'。它们都不公开任何属性,使得表达式在生成的值方面保持中性。

第二件可以改进的事情是从各处删除 *space 构造并切换到短语解析(请参阅 phrase_parse API 函数 此处 )。如果您提供 space 解析器组件作为 skyper 参数,并向所有规则添加 space_type skyper 模板类型参数,您将获得与使用 space_type 相同的效果code>*space 结构散布在你的语法中。例如:

qi::rule<Iterator, Contours(), space_type> path_data;

如果输入的某些部分不允许包含空格,那么这些部分仍然可以嵌入到 lexeme[] 指令中。请参阅此处了解更多信息。


PS:

为了组合从 drawto_command 返回的所有向量,您可以采用一种技巧,强制 Spirit.Qi 附加到提供的(左侧属性)向量:

 drawto_commands = +drawto_command >> -closepath;

这已经假设您切换到短语解析,因此我删除了 *space 结构。为什么这有效?好吧,Spirit.Qi 对序列有一个特殊的属性传播规则,如果该序列的所有元素都公开该属性类型或这些属性类型的容器,则强制它将其元素公开的所有属性附加到提供的容器中。这里不需要任何语义操作。请注意,这仅适用于序列,不适用于单个元素右侧结构。

您的第二个相关问题可以用类似的方式解决:

moveto_drawto_command_group = moveto >> -drawto_commands;

同样,不需要语义操作。

The additional values in the output are generated from the ASCII characters 'M' == 77, 'L' == 76, 'l' == 108, etc. This happens as you're matching those using char_('M'), etc., which exposes the matched value as a char attribute. The compiler happily assigns this to the double values in the output array. In order to avoid this, use either lit('M'), or just 'M'. Neither of those exposes any attribute, making the expressions neutral in terms of generated values.

A second thing which could be improved is to remove the *space constructs from all over the place and to switch to phrase parsing (see the documentation of the phrase_parse API function here). If you supply a space parser component as the skipper parameter and add a space_type skipper template type parameter to all of your rule's, you'll get the same effect as having the *space constructs interspersed in your grammar. For instance:

qi::rule<Iterator, Contours(), space_type> path_data;

If you have parts of the input which is not allowed to contain whitespace, those still can be embedded into lexeme[] directives. See here for more information.


Your P.S:

In order to combine all vectors returned from drawto_command you could employ a trick forcing Spirit.Qi to append to the provided (left hand side attribute) vector:

 drawto_commands = +drawto_command >> -closepath;

which is already assuming you switched to phrase parsing, thus I removed the *space constructs. Why does this work? Well, Spirit.Qi has a special attribute propagation rule for sequences, forcing it to append all attributes exposed by its elements into a provided container if all elements of this sequence either expose this attribute type or a container of those attribute types. No semantic action is required here. Note, this works only for sequences, not single element right hand side constructs.

Your second related question can be solved in a similar manner:

moveto_drawto_command_group = moveto >> -drawto_commands;

again, no semantic actions are required.

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