如何使用 JUnit 与 Spring 和 Hibernate 来模拟事务的结束以隔离 LazyInitializationException？

Question

我正在尝试编写一个测试来隔离由于不存在会话而导致加载属性失败的情况。

以下路径失败

ERROR [http-8081-14] LazyInitializationException.setSessionAttribute(223) | could not initialize proxy - no Session
org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: could not initialize proxy - no Session
    at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.initialize(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:86)
    at org.hibernate.proxy.AbstractLazyInitializer.getImplementation(AbstractLazyInitializer.java:140)
    at org.hibernate.proxy.pojo.javassist.JavassistLazyInitializer.invoke(JavassistLazyInitializer.java:190)
    at jaci.model.web.Shipment_$$_javassist_4.toString(Shipment_$$_javassist_4.java)
    at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2827)
    at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:115)
    at jaci.model.web.Web.toString(Web.java:259)
    at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2827)
    at java.lang.StringBuffer.append(StringBuffer.java:219)
    at org.slf4j.helpers.MessageFormatter.arrayFormat(MessageFormatter.java:173)
    at org.slf4j.helpers.MessageFormatter.format(MessageFormatter.java:111)
    at org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerAdapter.debug(Log4jLoggerAdapter.java:206)
    at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.setSessionAttribute(ProcessingJobController.java:223)
    at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.setSessionWeb(ProcessingJobController.java:219)
    at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.initSessionJobAndWeb(ProcessingJobController.java:183)
    at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.handlePost(ProcessingJobController.java:91)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.doInvokeMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:421)
    at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:136)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:326)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:313)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:875)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:807)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:571)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:511)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:637)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter.obtainContent(SiteMeshFilter.java:129)
    at com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter.doFilter(SiteMeshFilter.java:77)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:378)
    at org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:109)
    at org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:83)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:390)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.SessionFixationProtectionFilter.doFilterHttp(SessionFixationProtectionFilter.java:67)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.SpringSecurityFilter.doFilter(SpringSecurityFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:390)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilterHttp(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:101)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.SpringSecurityFilter.doFilter(SpringSecurityFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:390)
    at org.springframework.security.providers.anonymous.AnonymousProcessingFilter.doFilterHttp(AnonymousProcessingFilter.java:105)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.SpringSecurityFilter.doFilter(SpringSecurityFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:390)
    at org.springframework.security.wrapper.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilterHttp(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:91)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.SpringSecurityFilter.doFilter(SpringSecurityFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:390)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.preauth.AbstractPreAuthenticatedProcessingFilter.doFilterHttp(AbstractPreAuthenticatedProcessingFilter.java:69)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.SpringSecurityFilter.doFilter(SpringSecurityFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:390)
    at org.springframework.security.context.HttpSessionContextIntegrationFilter.doFilterHttp(HttpSessionContextIntegrationFilter.java:235)
    at org.springframework.security.ui.SpringSecurityFilter.doFilter(SpringSecurityFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:390)
    at org.springframework.security.util.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:175)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:236)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:167)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:525)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:286)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:845)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:583)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)

突出显示

at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.setSessionAttribute(ProcessingJobController.java:223)
at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.setSessionWeb(ProcessingJobController.java:219)
at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.initSessionJobAndWeb(ProcessingJobController.java:183)
at jaci.web.ProcessingJobController.handlePost(ProcessingJobController.java:91)

对于此控制器

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/processingJob.*")
public class ProcessingJobController {

    private static final String WEB_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE = "web";

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ProcessingJobController.class);

    @Autowired
    private PrinterService printerService;

    @Autowired
    private WebService webService;

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView deleteMostRecentRange(final HttpServletRequest request) {
        LOGGER.debug(
                "Received a request to delete {} from {}.",
                this.lastCheckRangeOnJob(this.sessionJob(request)),
                this.sessionJob(request));
        Map<String, Object> processingJobModel = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        this.printerService.deleteMostRecentRange(this.sessionJob(request));
        return this.processingJobModelAndView(request, processingJobModel);
    }

    //FIXME Awful, awful, awful, awful, awful, awful, awful, awful, awful TAV
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView handlePost(
            @RequestParam(
                    value = JOB_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE,
                    required = false)
                final Long jobId,
            @RequestParam(
                    value = WEB_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE,
                    required = false)
                final Long webId,
            @RequestParam(
                    value = "new-end-icn",
                    required = false)
                final String newEndIcn,
            @RequestParam(
                    value = "rangeType",
                    required = false)
                final String newRangeType,
            final HttpServletRequest request) {

        Map<String, Object> processingJobModel = new HashMap<String, Object>();

        if (this.isInitialRequest(request)) {
            this.initSessionJobAndWeb(jobId, webId, request);
        } else if (this.isGetAvailableWebsRequest(jobId, webId, newEndIcn)) {
            this.setAvailableWebsInModel(processingJobModel);
        } else if (this.isChangeWebRequest(jobId, webId, newEndIcn)) {
            this.setSessionWeb(request, this.webService.getWeb(webId));
        } else if (this.isAddRangeRequest(jobId, webId, newEndIcn, newRangeType)) {
            this.addCheckRangeToJob(newEndIcn, newRangeType, request, processingJobModel);
        }

        return this.processingJobModelAndView(request, processingJobModel);

    }

    private void initSessionJobAndWeb(final Long jobId, final Long webId, final HttpServletRequest request) {
        this.setSessionJob(request, this.printerService.getJobForProcessing(jobId));
        this.setSessionWeb(request, this.webService.getWeb(webId));
    }

    private void setSessionWeb(final HttpServletRequest request, final Web web) {
        this.setSessionAttribute(request, WEB_SESSION_ATTRIBUTE, web);
    }

    private void setSessionAttribute(final HttpServletRequest request, final String sessionAttribute, final Object value) {
        LOGGER.debug("Received a request to set Session {} to {}", sessionAttribute, value);
        request.getSession().setAttribute(sessionAttribute, value);
    }

鉴于此，我如何编写测试来隔离该故障并确保将来不会破坏它。这是我到目前为止所拥有的。

package jaci.web;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import jaci.service.WebService;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests;

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/applicationContext-data.xml", "/applicationContext-service.xml" })
public class ProcessingJobControllerTest
extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {

    @Autowired
    private WebService webService;

    @Test
    public void logWebToString() {
        String web = this.webService.getWeb(-19L).toString();
        assertNotNull(web);
    }

}

Answer 1

AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests 只不过是为想要在事务中执行操作的测试提供了便利。您没有理由不能采取更加手动的方法。

您的测试本身可以注入PlatformTransactionManager，然后可以通过编程方式调用（例如使用TransactionTemplate）。语义与 文档中描述了实时代码中的编程事务。

因此，您的测试可以开始一个事务，做一些工作，提交/回滚，然后继续做额外的工作以练习惰性初始化路径。

Answer 2

我过去已经通过访问休眠会话并执行手动 .flush(); 和 .evict(); 成功做到了这一点，

我实际上使用了它如此之多，以至于我将其放入名为 clearSession() 的测试超类方法中，

但是从您的代码中我没有看到访问会话的简单方法