两个同步方法是否同时执行
我在一个类中有 4 个方法(m1
、m2
、m3
和 m4
)。方法m1
、m2
和m3
是同步
方法。另外,我分别有 4 个线程 t1
、t2
、t3
和 t4
。
如果t1
访问m1
方法(同步方法),t2
线程是否可以同时访问m2
方法(同步方法) ?如果不是的话t2会是什么状态?
I have 4 methods (m1
, m2
, m3
and m4
) in a class. Method m1
, m2
and m3
are synchronized
methods. Also, I have 4 threads t1
, t2
, t3
and t4
respectively.
If t1
access the m1
method (synchronized method), could t2
thread access m2
method (synchronized method) simultaneously? If not what would be the state of t2?
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synchronized
关键字适用于对象级别,并且只有一个线程可以持有该对象的锁。所以只要你说的是同一个对象,那么不,t2
会等待t1
释放它进入时获取的锁m1
。然而,线程可以通过调用
Object.wait()
来释放锁,而不从该方法返回。它将等待
t1
释放锁(从方法返回或调用Object.wait ()
)。具体来说,它将位于阻塞
状态。示例代码:< /strong>
输出:
The
synchronized
keyword applies on object level, and only one thread can hold the lock of the object. So as long as you're talking about the same object, then no,t2
will wait fort1
to release the lock acquired when it enteredm1
.The thread can however release the lock without returning from the method, by calling
Object.wait()
.It would sit tight and wait for
t1
to release the lock (return from the method or invokeObject.wait()
). Specifically, it will be in aBLOCKED
state.Sample code:
Output:
如果这些方法在同一监视器上同步,则它们不能在不同线程中同时执行。当第二个线程到达监视器入口(在本例中是同步方法的开始)时,它将阻塞,直到第一个线程释放监视器。
在这种情况下,由 jconsole 报告的被阻塞线程的实际状态将类似于 java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object Monitor)
假设所有方法都是普通实例方法,那么在同一对象上调用时它们将共享同一监视器。也就是说,如果您有类似的内容:
那么在这种情况下,第二个线程将能够调用该方法,因为它试图获取
a2
对象的隐式监视器,即 未被线程 1 锁定。但是,如果线程 2 尝试调用a1.m2()
,那么它将阻塞,直到线程 1 完成执行m1()
。如果您有静态方法,那么它们将获得类本身的显式监视器(在我假设的命名情况下为 A.class),因此不会被任何实例阻止方法调用。
If the methods are synchronized on the same monitor, then they cannot execute simultaneously in different threads. When the second thread comes to the monitor entry (the start of the synchronized method in this case), it will block until the first thread releases the monitor.
The actual state of the blocked thread in this case, as reported by jconsole, will be something like
java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
Assuming all methods are normal instance methods, then they will share the same monitor when invoked on the same object. That is, if you had something like:
then in this case, the second thread will be able to call the method, because it's trying to obtain the implicit monitor of the
a2
object, which is not locked by thread 1. But if thread 2 tried to calla1.m2()
, then it would block until thread 1 had finished executingm1()
.If you have static methods, then they obtain the explicit monitor of the class itself (
A.class
in my hypothetical-naming case), so will not be blocked by any instance method invocations.不,不可能。这是同步的唯一一点:不同的线程不能同时做这些事情(你不必防止同一个线程同时做这些事情,因为单个线程不能做任何事情完全并行。)等待线程的状态是“等待锁定”。 (使用足够现代的 JVM,如果您以正确的方式询问,实际上可以在控制台上显示此状态。)
No, it couldn't. That's the only point there is to
synchronized
: different threads can't do these things simultaneously (You don't have to guard against the same thread doing them simultaneously, because a single thread can't do anything in parallel at all.) The state of the waiting thread is 'waiting for lock'. (With a sufficiently modern JVM you can actually have this state displayed on the console if you ask in the right way.)不会。线程 t2 将等待线程 t1 释放锁。
在同一个示例中,t2 可以访问未同步的方法 m4。
锁定同步方法
回到第二个查询:
线程 t2 处于阻塞状态并等待线程 t1 释放锁。
来自java文档页面:
使
同步 方法有两个作用。
No. Thread t2 will wait for Thread t1 to release the lock.
In your same example, t2 can access method m4 which is not synchronized.
Locks In synchronized Methods
Coming back to your second query:
Thread t2 is in blocked state and waiting for Thread t1 to release the lock.
From java documentation page:
making
synchronized
method have two effects.