从 csv 文件读取的 Python 脚本

Question

           "Type","Name","Description","Designation","First-term assessment","Second-term assessment","Total"
           "Subject","Nick","D1234","F4321",10,19,29
           "Unit","HTML","D1234-1","F4321",18,,
           "Topic","Tags","First Term","F4321",18,,
           "Subtopic","Review of representation of HTML",,,,,

以上所有都是来自 Excel 工作表的值，该值被转换为 csv，即上面显示的值。

您注意到标题包含七个 coulmns，它们下面的数据各不相同，

我有这个脚本从 python 脚本生成这些值，脚本如下

 from django.db import transaction
 import sys
 import csv
 import StringIO



 file = sys.argv[1]
 no_cols_flag=0
 flag=0
 header_arr=[]


 print file
 f = open(file, 'r')



while (f.readline() != ""):
  for i in [line.split(',') for line in open(file)]: # split on the separator
    print "==========================================================="
    row_flag=0
    row_d=""
    for j in i: # for each token in the split string
      row_flag=1
      print j


      if j:
        no_cols_flag=no_cols_flag+1
        data=j.strip()
        print j

    break

如何修改上面的脚本以表明该数据属于特定的列标题..

谢谢..

Answer 1

您正在导入 csv 模块，但从未使用它。为什么？

如果您这样做，

import csv
reader = csv.reader(open(file, "rb"), dialect="excel") # Python 2.x
# Python 3: reader = csv.reader(open(file, newline=""), dialect="excel")

您将获得一个包含您需要的所有内容的 reader 对象；第一行将包含标题，后续行将在相应位置包含数据。

更好的可能是（如果我理解正确的话）：

import csv
reader = csv.DictReader(open(file, "rb"), dialect="excel") # Python 2.x
# Python 3: reader = csv.DictReader(open(file, newline=""), dialect="excel")

这个 DictReader 可以迭代，返回一系列使用列标题作为键和以下数据的 dict作为值，因此

for row in reader:
    print(row)

将输出

{'Name': 'Nick', 'Designation': 'F4321', 'Type': 'Subject', 'Total': '29', 'First-term assessment': '10', 'Second-term assessment': '19', 'Description': 'D1234'}
{'Name': 'HTML', 'Designation': 'F4321', 'Type': 'Unit', 'Total': '', 'First-term assessment': '18', 'Second-term assessment': '', 'Description': 'D1234-1'}
{'Name': 'Tags', 'Designation': 'F4321', 'Type': 'Topic', 'Total': '', 'First-term assessment': '18', 'Second-term assessment': '', 'Description': 'First Term'}
{'Name': 'Review of representation of HTML', 'Designation': '', 'Type': 'Subtopic', 'Total': '', 'First-term assessment': '', 'Second-term assessment': '', 'Description': ''}