You can check duplicty. It allow you to make compressed and encrypted backup and allows random access to file. Here you can find more info about these project: http://duplicity.nongnu.org/new_format.html.
Each entry is introduced by a local header with information about the file such as the comment, file size and file name, followed by optional "Extra" data fields, and then the possibly compressed, possibly encrypted file data. The "Extra" data fields are the key to the extensibility of the ZIP format. "Extra" fields are exploited to support the ZIP64 format, WinZip-compatible AES encryption, file attributes, and higher-resolution NTFS or Unix file timestamps. Other extensions are possible via the "Extra" field. ZIP tools are required by the specification to ignore Extra fields they do not recognize.
File level archive format with support for random access
DAR (Disk ARchive) is an archive format designed for random access. Compression is done per-file. It is not filesystem specific, but supports many fs-specific features such as xattrs, sparse files, etc. I use it as a replacement for tar. It's written in C++ and pretty portable. Downsides: The docs are hard to navigate, and the command output is very verbose.
'FSArchiver is a system tool that allows you to save the contents of a file-system to a compressed archive file. The file-system can be restored on a partition which has a different size and it can be restored on a different file-system. Unlike tar/dar, FSArchiver also creates the file-system when it extracts the data to partitions. Everything is checksummed in the archive in order to protect the data. If the archive is corrupt, you just loose the current file, not the whole archive.'
FS Spefic tools Some filesystems come with their own utilities to dump data, such as xfsdump for the xfs filesystem.
Disk cloning software
FileZilla is a disk cloning software, but the way it clones filesystems is pretty smart. It will prefer a fs-specific dump rather than a block-level copy where possible. You can clone a disk with CloneZilla and restore it to a smaller disk, or restore only specfic filesystem within the disk backup.
The backup is arranged in a directory structure that has output from several different backup tools and some coordinating metadata. It's easy to manipulate it with separate utilities.
Backing up entire old systems is a good use for the tools above. But if you're using a modern linux system, where most software comes from a repo, it's easy to regenerate system level data by doing a new install, or using configuration management.
Personally I've changed my approach to only back up user and configuration data for systems that can easily be reinstalled.
On linux computers I manage, I set up hourly snapshots of ~/Projects with snapper on btrfs, and do long-term backup to rsync.net using borgbackup. System setup scripts are in Ansible (or some other IaC tool), and dotfiles are stored with a sparse git repo.
Thanks to this approach, it's now much more economical to store backups in cloud storage services.
发布评论
评论（3）
您可以检查
口是心非。它允许您进行压缩和加密备份，并允许随机访问文件。在这里您可以找到有关这些项目的更多信息：http://duplicity.nongnu.org/new_format.html< /a>.如果你想使用它，你还可以检查脚本
duply。它是用于duplicty的shell 前端。更多信息：http://sourceforge.net/projects/ftplicity/You can check
duplicty. It allow you to make compressed and encrypted backup and allows random access to file. Here you can find more info about these project: http://duplicity.nongnu.org/new_format.html.If you want use it you can also check script
duply. Is is shell front end forduplicty. More info: http://sourceforge.net/projects/ftplicity/zip （您可以使用 http://www.info-zip.org/ ）存储文件属性- 请参阅Wiki
zip (you can use http://www.info-zip.org/ ) stores file attributes - please see Wiki
支持随机访问的文件级存档格式
DAR（磁盘存档）是一种专为随机访问而设计的存档格式。压缩是按文件进行的。它不是特定于文件系统的，但支持许多特定于文件系统的功能，例如 xattrs、稀疏文件等。我用它作为 tar 的替代品。它是用 C++ 编写的并且非常便携。缺点：文档很难浏览，并且命令输出非常冗长。
http://dar.linux.free.fr/doc/presentation.html
http://dar.linux.free.fr/doc/Features.html
FS 级存档格式
FSArchiver 来自网站：
https://www.fsarchiver.org/
FS 专用工具 一些文件系统使用自己的实用程序来转储数据，例如用于
xfs文件系统的xfsdump。磁盘克隆软件
FileZilla是一个磁盘克隆软件，但它克隆文件系统的方式非常聪明。如果可能的话，它会更喜欢特定于文件系统的转储而不是块级副本。您可以使用 CloneZilla 克隆磁盘并将其还原到较小的磁盘，或者仅还原磁盘备份中的特定文件系统。
备份被安排在一个目录结构中，该结构具有来自多个不同备份工具和一些协调元数据的输出。使用单独的实用程序很容易操作它。
https://filezilla-project.org/
何时不使用这些工具
备份整个旧系统是上述工具的一个很好的用途。但是，如果您使用的是现代 Linux 系统，其中大多数软件都来自存储库，则可以通过执行新安装或使用配置管理来轻松重新生成系统级数据。
就我个人而言，我已经改变了方法，只备份可以轻松重新安装的系统的用户和配置数据。
在我管理的 Linux 计算机上，我使用 btrfs 上的 snapper 设置 ~/Projects 的每小时快照，并使用 borgbackup 对 rsync.net 进行长期备份。系统设置脚本位于 Ansible（或其他一些 IaC 工具）中，点文件存储在稀疏的 git 存储库中。
由于这种方法，现在将备份存储在云存储服务中更加经济。
File level archive format with support for random access
DAR (Disk ARchive) is an archive format designed for random access. Compression is done per-file. It is not filesystem specific, but supports many fs-specific features such as xattrs, sparse files, etc. I use it as a replacement for tar. It's written in C++ and pretty portable. Downsides: The docs are hard to navigate, and the command output is very verbose.
http://dar.linux.free.fr/doc/presentation.html
http://dar.linux.free.fr/doc/Features.html
FS level archive formats
FSArchiver From the website:
https://www.fsarchiver.org/
FS Spefic tools Some filesystems come with their own utilities to dump data, such as
xfsdumpfor thexfsfilesystem.Disk cloning software
FileZilla is a disk cloning software, but the way it clones filesystems is pretty smart. It will prefer a fs-specific dump rather than a block-level copy where possible. You can clone a disk with CloneZilla and restore it to a smaller disk, or restore only specfic filesystem within the disk backup.
The backup is arranged in a directory structure that has output from several different backup tools and some coordinating metadata. It's easy to manipulate it with separate utilities.
https://filezilla-project.org/
When not to use these tools
Backing up entire old systems is a good use for the tools above. But if you're using a modern linux system, where most software comes from a repo, it's easy to regenerate system level data by doing a new install, or using configuration management.
Personally I've changed my approach to only back up user and configuration data for systems that can easily be reinstalled.
On linux computers I manage, I set up hourly snapshots of ~/Projects with snapper on btrfs, and do long-term backup to rsync.net using borgbackup. System setup scripts are in Ansible (or some other IaC tool), and dotfiles are stored with a sparse git repo.
Thanks to this approach, it's now much more economical to store backups in cloud storage services.