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如何在 OSX 10.6 中将 MySQLdb 与 Python 和 Django 一起使用？

发布于 2024-09-03 09:45:19 字数 2944 浏览 12 评论 0原文

对于 OSX 10.6 用户来说，这是一个经常讨论的问题，但我一直无法找到有效的解决方案。这是我的设置：

Python 2.6.1 64位 姜戈1.2.1 MySQL 5.1.47 osx10.6 64位

我使用 --no-site-packages 创建一个 virtualenvwrapper ，然后安装 Django 。当我激活 virtualenv 并运行 python manage.pysyncdb 时，出现此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 11, in <module>
  execute_manager(settings)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager
  utility.execute()
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
  self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 257, in fetch_command
  klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 67, in load_command_class
  module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
  __import__(name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 7, in <module>
from django.core.management.sql import custom_sql_for_model, emit_post_sync_signal
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/sql.py", line 5, in <module>
from django.contrib.contenttypes import generic
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/generic.py", line 6, in <module>
  from django.db import connection
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 75, in <module>
  connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 91, in __getitem__
  backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 32, in load_backend
  return import_module('.base', backend_name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
  __import__(name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 14, in <module>
  raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb

我还安装了 MySQL for Python 适配器，但无济于事（也许我安装不当？）。

以前有人处理过这个吗？

原文

This is a much discussed issue for OSX 10.6 users, but I haven't been able to find a solution that works. Here's my setup:

Python 2.6.1 64bit
Django 1.2.1
MySQL 5.1.47 osx10.6 64bit

I create a virtualenvwrapper with --no-site-packages, then installed Django. When I activate the virtualenv and run python manage.py syncdb, I get this error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 11, in <module>
  execute_manager(settings)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager
  utility.execute()
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
  self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 257, in fetch_command
  klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 67, in load_command_class
  module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
  __import__(name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 7, in <module>
from django.core.management.sql import custom_sql_for_model, emit_post_sync_signal
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/management/sql.py", line 5, in <module>
from django.contrib.contenttypes import generic
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/generic.py", line 6, in <module>
  from django.db import connection
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 75, in <module>
  connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 91, in __getitem__
  backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 32, in load_backend
  return import_module('.base', backend_name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
  __import__(name)
File "/Users/joerobinson/.virtualenvs/dj_tut/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 14, in <module>
  raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb

I've also installed the MySQL for Python adapter, but to no avail (maybe I installed it improperly?).

Anyone dealt with this before?

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评论（21）

べ繥欢鉨o。 2024-09-10 09:45:19

我遇到了同样的错误，pip install MySQL-python 为我解决了这个问题。

备用安装：

  • 如果您没有 pip，easy_install MySQL-python 应该可以使用。
  • 如果你的Python是由打包系统管理的，你可能必须使用
    该系统（例如 sudo apt-get install ...）

下面，Soli 指出，如果您收到以下错误：

环境错误：找不到 mysql_config

...那么您还有进一步的系统依赖性问题。解决此问题的方法因系统而异，但对于 Debian 派生系统：

sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

I had the same error and pip install MySQL-python solved it for me.

Alternate installs:

  • If you don't have pip, easy_install MySQL-python should work.
  • If your python is managed by a packaging system, you might have to use
    that system (e.g. sudo apt-get install ...)

Below, Soli notes that if you receive the following error:

EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found

... then you have a further system dependency issue. Solving this will vary from system to system, but for Debian-derived systems:

sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

回复 原文
庆幸我还是我 2024-09-10 09:45:19

运行 Ubuntu，我必须这样做：

sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

Running Ubuntu, I had to do:

sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb
回复 原文
著墨染雨君画夕 2024-09-10 09:45:19

添加到其他答案，以下内容帮助我完成了 mysql-python 的安装：

virtualenv， mysql-python, pip: 有人知道怎么做吗？

在 Ubuntu 上...

apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
apt-get install python-dev
pip install mysql-python

如果您没有适当的权限，请不要忘记在命令开头添加“sudo”。

Adding to other answers, the following helped me finish the installation mysql-python:

virtualenv, mysql-python, pip: anyone know how?

On Ubuntu...

apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
apt-get install python-dev
pip install mysql-python

Don't forget to add 'sudo' to the beginning of commands if you don't have the proper permissions.

回复 原文
儭儭莪哋寶赑 2024-09-10 09:45:19

尝试下面的命令。他们为我工作：

brew install mysql-connector-c 
pip install MySQL-python

Try this the commands below. They work for me:

brew install mysql-connector-c 
pip install MySQL-python
回复 原文
○愚か者の日 2024-09-10 09:45:19

mysql_config 必须位于路径上。在 Mac 上，执行

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
pip install MySQL-python

mysql_config must be on the path. On Mac, do

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
pip install MySQL-python
回复 原文
囚我心虐我身 2024-09-10 09:45:19
pip install mysql-python

引发了一个错误：

环境错误：找不到 mysql_config

sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

修复了问题。

pip install mysql-python

raised an error:

EnvironmentError: mysql_config not found

sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb

fixed the problem.

回复 原文
筱果果 2024-09-10 09:45:19

我是如何让它工作的：

virtualenv -p python3.5 env/test

在获取我的环境之后：

pip install pymysql
pip install django

然后，我运行了startproject并在manage.py中添加了这个：

+ try:
+     import pymysql
+     pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
+ except:
+     pass

另外，更新了这个内部设置：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'foobar_db',
        'USER': 'foobaruser',
        'PASSWORD': 'foobarpwd',
    }
}

我还有configparser==3.5.0 安装在我的 virtualenv 中，不确定是否需要...

希望它有帮助，

How I got it working:

virtualenv -p python3.5 env/test

After sourcing my env:

pip install pymysql
pip install django

Then, I ran the startproject and inside the manage.py, I added this:

+ try:
+     import pymysql
+     pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
+ except:
+     pass

Also, updated this inside settings:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'foobar_db',
        'USER': 'foobaruser',
        'PASSWORD': 'foobarpwd',
    }
}

I also have configparser==3.5.0 installed in my virtualenv, not sure if that was required or not...

Hope it helps,

回复 原文
意中人 2024-09-10 09:45:19

以下内容对我来说非常有效，运行 Ubuntu 13.10 64 位：

sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev

现在，导航到您的 virtualenv （例如 env 文件夹）并执行以下命令：

sudo ./bin/pip install mysql-python

我实际上找到了 解决方案在一个单独的问题中，我在下面引用它：

如果您使用 --no-site-packages 开关创建了 virtualenv
（默认），然后是系统范围内安装的附加项，例如 MySQLdb
不包含在虚拟环境包中。

您需要使用随安装的 pip 命令来安装 MySQLdb
虚拟环境。使用 bin/activate 激活 virtualenv
脚本，或者使用 virtualenv 中的 bin/pip 来安装
MySQLdb 库也在本地。

或者，使用系统站点包创建一个新的 virtualenv
通过使用 --system-site-package 开关包含。

我认为这也应该适用于 OSX。唯一的问题是获得用于安装 libmysqlclient-dev 和 python-dev 的等效命令，因为它们需要编译
我猜是mysql-python。

希望这有帮助。

The following worked perfectly for me, running Ubuntu 13.10 64-bit:

sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev

Now, navigate to your virtualenv (such as env folder) and execute the following:

sudo ./bin/pip install mysql-python

I actually found the solution in a separate question and I am quoting it below:

If you have created the virtualenv with the --no-site-packages switch
(the default), then system-wide installed additions such as MySQLdb
are not included in the virtual environment packages.

You need to install MySQLdb with the pip command installed with the
virtualenv. Either activate the virtualenv with the bin/activate
script, or use bin/pip from within the virtualenv to install the
MySQLdb library locally as well.

Alternatively, create a new virtualenv with system site-packages
included by using the --system-site-package switch.

I think this should also work with OSX. The only problem would be getting an equivalent command for installing libmysqlclient-dev and python-dev as they are needed to compile
mysql-python I guess.

Hope this helps.

回复 原文
江挽川 2024-09-10 09:45:19

此问题是由于 MySQL for Python 适配器安装不完整/不正确造成的。具体来说，我必须编辑 mysql_config 文件的路径以指向 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config - 在本文中进行了更详细的讨论：http://dakrauth.com/blog/entry/python-and-django-setup-mac-os-x-豹纹/

This issue was the result of an incomplete / incorrect installation of the MySQL for Python adapter. Specifically, I had to edit the path to the mysql_config file to point to /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config - discussed in greater detail in this article: http://dakrauth.com/blog/entry/python-and-django-setup-mac-os-x-leopard/

回复 原文
太阳公公是暖光 2024-09-10 09:45:19

这适用于 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 版本 6.4

sudo yum install mysql-devel
sudo yum install python-devel
pip install mysql-python

This worked for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4

sudo yum install mysql-devel
sudo yum install python-devel
pip install mysql-python
回复 原文
听闻余生 2024-09-10 09:45:19

您可以安装为 pip install mysqlclient

You can install as pip install mysqlclient

回复 原文
超可爱的懒熊 2024-09-10 09:45:19

我升级到 OSX Mavericks 和 Pycharm 3 并开始收到此错误，我使用 pip 和 easy install 并收到错误：

命令“/usr/bin/clang”失败，退出状态为 1。

所以我需要更新到Xcode 5并再次尝试使用pip安装。

pip install mysql-python

这解决了所有问题。

I made the upgrade to OSX Mavericks and Pycharm 3 and start to get this error, i used pip and easy install and got the error:

command'/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit status 1.

So i need to update to Xcode 5 and tried again to install using pip.

pip install mysql-python

That fix all the problems.

回复 原文
无言温柔 2024-09-10 09:45:19

这里引发的错误是在导入 python 模块时发生的。这可以通过将 python site-packages 文件夹添加到 OS X 上的环境变量 $PYTHONPATH 来解决。因此我们可以将以下命令添加到 .bash_profile 文件中：

export PYTHONPATH="$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/"

*将 xx 替换为您正在使用的 python 版本

The error raised here is in importing the python module. This can be solved by adding the python site-packages folder to the environment variable $PYTHONPATH on OS X. So we can add the following command to the .bash_profile file:

export PYTHONPATH="$PYTHONPATH:/usr/local/lib/pythonx.x/site-packages/"

*replace x.x with the python version you are using

回复 原文
莳間冲淡了誓言ζ 2024-09-10 09:45:19

如果你使用的是python3，那么试试这个（我的操作系统是Ubuntu 16.04）：

sudo apt-get install python3-mysqldb

If you are using python3, then try this(My OS is Ubuntu 16.04):

sudo apt-get install python3-mysqldb
回复 原文
壹場煙雨 2024-09-10 09:45:19

pip 在 Windows 8 64 位系统上对我不起作用。
easy_install mysql-python 对我有用。
如果 pip 不起作用，您可以使用 easy_install 来避免在 Windows 上构建二进制文件。

pip did not work for me on windows 8 64 bits system.
easy_install mysql-python works for me.
You can use easy_install to avoid building binaries on windows if pip does not work.

回复 原文
美羊羊 2024-09-10 09:45:19

我在 OSX 10.6.6 上遇到了同样的问题。但只是在终端上简单安装 mysql-python 并没有解决这个问题，因为另一个问题随之而来：

错误：命令“gcc-4.2”失败，退出状态为 1。

显然，这个问题是从 XCode3（OSX 10.6 自带的）升级到 XCode4 后出现的。这个较新的版本删除了对构建 ppc arch 的支持。如果是同样的情况，请在 easy_install mysql-python 之前尝试执行以下操作

sudo bash
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64'
rm -r build
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

非常感谢 Ned Deily 提供的这个解决方案。 检查此处

I had the same problem on OSX 10.6.6. But just a simple easy_install mysql-python on terminal did not solve it as another hiccup followed:

error: command 'gcc-4.2' failed with exit status 1.

Apparently, this issue arises after upgrading from XCode3 (which is natively shipped with OSX 10.6) to XCode4. This newer ver removes support for building ppc arch. If its the same case, try doing as follows before easy_install mysql-python

sudo bash
export ARCHFLAGS='-arch i386 -arch x86_64'
rm -r build
python setup.py build
python setup.py install

Many thanks to Ned Deily for this solution. Check here

回复 原文
假装不在乎 2024-09-10 09:45:19

对我来说，只需重新安装 mysql-python 就解决了问题

pip uninstall mysql-python
pip install mysql-python

For me the problem got solved by simply reinstalling mysql-python

pip uninstall mysql-python
pip install mysql-python
回复 原文
掐死时间 2024-09-10 09:45:19

安装命令行工具对我有用：

xcode-select --install

Install Command Line Tools Works for me:

xcode-select --install
回复 原文
蓝天 2024-09-10 09:45:19

我通过使用 pip 安装 MySQL-python 库克服了同样的问题。当我第一次在 settings.py 中更改数据库设置并执行 makemigrations 命令时，您可以看到控制台上显示的消息（解决方案遵循以下消息，只需查看即可）。

  (vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py makemigrations
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 312, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate
    app_config.import_models(all_models)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 198, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 41, in <module>
    class Permission(models.Model):
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 139, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs))
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 324, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 250, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 36, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 240, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 27, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb

最后我解决了这个问题，如下：

(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ pip install MySQLdb
Collecting MySQLdb
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement MySQLdb (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for MySQLdb
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ pip install MySQL-python
Collecting MySQL-python
  Downloading MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip (108kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 364kB/s 
Building wheels for collected packages: MySQL-python
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for MySQL-python ... done
  Stored in directory: /Users/admin/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/38/a3/89/ec87e092cfb38450fc91a62562055231deb0049a029054dc62
Successfully built MySQL-python
Installing collected packages: MySQL-python
Successfully installed MySQL-python-1.2.5
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py makemigrations
No changes detected
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, rest_framework, messages, crispy_forms
  Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, sessions, auth, PyApp
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
  Creating tables...
    Running deferred SQL...
  Installing custom SQL...
Running migrations:
  Rendering model states... DONE
  Applying PyApp.0001_initial... OK
  Applying PyApp.0002_auto_20170310_0936... OK
  Applying PyApp.0003_auto_20170310_0953... OK
  Applying PyApp.0004_auto_20170310_0954... OK
  Applying PyApp.0005_auto_20170311_0619... OK
  Applying PyApp.0006_auto_20170311_0622... OK
  Applying PyApp.0007_loraevksensor... OK
  Applying PyApp.0008_auto_20170315_0752... OK
  Applying PyApp.0009_auto_20170315_0753... OK
  Applying PyApp.0010_auto_20170315_0806... OK
  Applying PyApp.0011_auto_20170315_0814... OK
  Applying PyApp.0012_auto_20170315_0820... OK
  Applying PyApp.0013_auto_20170315_0822... OK
  Applying PyApp.0014_auto_20170315_0907... OK
  Applying PyApp.0015_auto_20170315_1041... OK
  Applying PyApp.0016_auto_20170315_1355... OK
  Applying PyApp.0017_auto_20170315_1401... OK
  Applying PyApp.0018_auto_20170331_1348... OK
  Applying PyApp.0019_auto_20170331_1349... OK
  Applying PyApp.0020_auto_20170331_1350... OK
  Applying PyApp.0021_auto_20170331_1458... OK
  Applying PyApp.0022_delete_postoffice... OK
  Applying PyApp.0023_posoffice... OK
  Applying PyApp.0024_auto_20170331_1504... OK
  Applying PyApp.0025_auto_20170331_1511... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$

I overcame the same problem by installing MySQL-python library using pip. You can see the message displayed on my console when I first changed my database settings in settings.py and executed makemigrations command(The solution is following the below message, just see that).

  (vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py makemigrations
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 312, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate
    app_config.import_models(all_models)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 198, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 41, in <module>
    class Permission(models.Model):
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 139, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs))
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 324, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 250, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 36, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 240, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.12_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/admin/Desktop/SetUp1/vir_env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 27, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named MySQLdb

Finally I overcame this problem as follows:

(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ pip install MySQLdb
Collecting MySQLdb
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement MySQLdb (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for MySQLdb
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ pip install MySQL-python
Collecting MySQL-python
  Downloading MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip (108kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 364kB/s 
Building wheels for collected packages: MySQL-python
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for MySQL-python ... done
  Stored in directory: /Users/admin/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/38/a3/89/ec87e092cfb38450fc91a62562055231deb0049a029054dc62
Successfully built MySQL-python
Installing collected packages: MySQL-python
Successfully installed MySQL-python-1.2.5
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py makemigrations
No changes detected
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$ python manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, rest_framework, messages, crispy_forms
  Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, sessions, auth, PyApp
Synchronizing apps without migrations:
  Creating tables...
    Running deferred SQL...
  Installing custom SQL...
Running migrations:
  Rendering model states... DONE
  Applying PyApp.0001_initial... OK
  Applying PyApp.0002_auto_20170310_0936... OK
  Applying PyApp.0003_auto_20170310_0953... OK
  Applying PyApp.0004_auto_20170310_0954... OK
  Applying PyApp.0005_auto_20170311_0619... OK
  Applying PyApp.0006_auto_20170311_0622... OK
  Applying PyApp.0007_loraevksensor... OK
  Applying PyApp.0008_auto_20170315_0752... OK
  Applying PyApp.0009_auto_20170315_0753... OK
  Applying PyApp.0010_auto_20170315_0806... OK
  Applying PyApp.0011_auto_20170315_0814... OK
  Applying PyApp.0012_auto_20170315_0820... OK
  Applying PyApp.0013_auto_20170315_0822... OK
  Applying PyApp.0014_auto_20170315_0907... OK
  Applying PyApp.0015_auto_20170315_1041... OK
  Applying PyApp.0016_auto_20170315_1355... OK
  Applying PyApp.0017_auto_20170315_1401... OK
  Applying PyApp.0018_auto_20170331_1348... OK
  Applying PyApp.0019_auto_20170331_1349... OK
  Applying PyApp.0020_auto_20170331_1350... OK
  Applying PyApp.0021_auto_20170331_1458... OK
  Applying PyApp.0022_delete_postoffice... OK
  Applying PyApp.0023_posoffice... OK
  Applying PyApp.0024_auto_20170331_1504... OK
  Applying PyApp.0025_auto_20170331_1511... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
  Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
  Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
  Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
(vir_env) admins-MacBook-Pro-3:src admin$
回复 原文
埋葬我深情 2024-09-10 09:45:19

运行此命令

sudo pip install mysql-python;

现在您可以运行您的命令了。

python manage.py startapp filename;

Run this command

sudo pip install mysql-python;

now you can run your command.

python manage.py startapp filename;
回复 原文
心如荒岛 2024-09-10 09:45:19

我遇到了像你这样的类似情况，我在 mac osx 上的 virtualenv 中使用 python3.7 和 django 2.1 。
尝试运行命令：

pip install mysql-python
pip install pymysql

并编辑项目文件夹中的 __init__.py 文件并添加以下内容：

import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

然后运行：python3 manage.py runserver
或 python manage.py runserver

I encountered similar situations like yours that I am using python3.7 and django 2.1 in virtualenv on mac osx.
Try to run command:

pip install mysql-python
pip install pymysql

And edit __init__.py file in your project folder and add following:

import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

Then run: python3 manage.py runserver
or python manage.py runserver

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