让外籍人士在 python 中使用 .dtd 进行实体替换
我正在尝试读取一个如下所示的 xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE dblp SYSTEM "dblp.dtd">
<dblp>
<incollection>
<author>José A. Blakeley</author>
</incollection>
</dblp>
造成问题的点是以下
José A. Blakeley
部分：解析器调用其字符处理程序两次，一次使用“Jos”，一次使用“A. Blakeley”。 现在我明白，如果它不知道紧急实体，这可能是正确的行为。但是，这是在我拥有的 dblp.dtd 中定义的。不过，我似乎无法说服外籍人士使用此文件。我只能说，
p = xml.parsers.expat.ParserCreate()
# tried with and without following line
p.SetParamEntityParsing(xml.parsers.expat.XML_PARAM_ENTITY_PARSING_ALWAYS)
p.UseForeignDTD(True)
f = open(dblp_file, "r")
p.ParseFile(f)
但外籍人士仍然不认识我的实体。为什么没有办法告诉外籍人士使用哪个 DTD？我尝试
- 将文件放入与 XML 相同的目录中，
- 将文件放入程序的工作目录中
- ，用绝对路径替换 xml 文件中的引用，
我缺少什么？谢谢。
I'm trying to read in an xml file which looks like this
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE dblp SYSTEM "dblp.dtd">
<dblp>
<incollection>
<author>José A. Blakeley</author>
</incollection>
</dblp>
The point that creates the problem looks is the
José A. Blakeley
part: The parser calls its character handler twice, once with "Jos", once with " A. Blakeley".
Now I understand this may be the correct behaviour if it doesn't know the eacute entity. However, this is defined in the dblp.dtd, which I have. I don't seem to be able to convince expat to use this file, though. All I can say is
p = xml.parsers.expat.ParserCreate()
# tried with and without following line
p.SetParamEntityParsing(xml.parsers.expat.XML_PARAM_ENTITY_PARSING_ALWAYS)
p.UseForeignDTD(True)
f = open(dblp_file, "r")
p.ParseFile(f)
but expat still doesn't recognize my entity. Why is there no way to tell expat which DTD to use? I've tried
- putting the file into the same directory as the XML
- putting the file into the program's working directory
- replacing the reference in the xml file by an absolute path
What am I missing? Thx.
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据我了解，如果您直接使用 pyexpat，那么您必须提供自己的
ExternalEntityRefHandler来获取外部 DTD 并将其提供给 expat。参见例如。
xml.sax.expatreader示例代码（方法external_entity_ref，Python 2.6 中的第 374 行）。如果可以的话，最好使用更高级别的接口，例如 SAX（通过
expatreader）。As I understand it, if you're using pyexpat directly, then you have to provide your own
ExternalEntityRefHandlerto fetch the external DTD and feed it to expat.See eg.
xml.sax.expatreaderfor example code (methodexternal_entity_ref, line 374 in Python 2.6).It would probably be better to use a higher-level interface such as SAX (via
expatreader) if you can.顺便说一句，我可以通过将 .dtd 的相关部分复制到 XML 文件本身来暂时帮助自己，如下所示，
但这并不能真正以一般方式解决问题。
btw I can temporarily help myself by copying the relevant parts of the .dtd into the XML file itself, as in
but that doesn't really solve the problem in a general way.