在运行 Snow Leopard 的 Mac 上构建 PortAudio 和 PyAudio（架构问题）

Question

我想告诉您我已经尝试过的内容，然后我非常欢迎您提供有关如何正确设置 PortAudio 和 PyAudio 的任何评论！

我尝试从 他们的网站为我的 Core 2 Duo 安装 PortAudio 的稳定版本和 svn 版本运行 Snow Leopard 的 MacBook Pro。稳定版本存在 sizeof 错误，可以已修复(?)，但每日 svn 版本可以通过 ./configure && 安装正常。制作&& make install （这就是我正在使用的）。测试已正确编译，我可以让二进制文件产生输出/可以读取麦克风输入。

好吧，那么 PyAudio 就有麻烦了。从 源 安装时，我收到有关找不到库的错误：

mwoods 13 pyaudio-0.2.3$ python setup.py build
running build
running build_py
running build_ext
building '_portaudio' extension
gcc-4.2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch ppc -arch x86_64 -pipe -DMACOSX=1 -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6 -c _portaudiomodule.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.6-universal-2.6/_portaudiomodule.o -fno-strict-aliasing
_portaudiomodule.c:35:25: error: pa_mac_core.h: No such file or directory
_portaudiomodule.c:679: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘PaMacCoreStreamInfo’
_portaudiomodule.c: In function ‘_pyAudio_MacOSX_hostApiSpecificStreamInfo_cleanup’:
_portaudiomodule.c:690: error: ‘_pyAudio_Mac_HASSI’ has no member named ‘paMacCoreStreamInfo’
_portaudiomodule.c:691: error: ‘_pyAudio_Mac_HASSI’ has no member named ‘paMacCoreStreamInfo’
_portaudiomodule.c:692: error: ‘_pyAudio_Mac_HASSI’ has no member named ‘paMacCoreStreamInfo’
_portaudiomodule.c:695: error: ‘_pyAudio_Mac_HASSI’ has no member named ‘channelMap’
_portaudiomodule.c:696: error: ‘_pyAudio_Mac_HASSI’ has no member named ‘channelMap’
_portaudiomodule.c:699: error: ‘_pyAudio_Mac_HASSI’ has no member named ‘flags’

... another 100 lines of this ...

_portaudiomodule.c:2471: error: ‘paMacCoreMinimizeCPUButPlayNice’ undeclared (first use in this function)
_portaudiomodule.c:2473: error: ‘paMacCoreMinimizeCPU’ undeclared (first use in this function)
lipo: can't open input file: /var/folders/Qc/Qcl516fqHAWupTUV9BE9rU+++TI/-Tmp-//cc7BqpBc.out (No such file or directory)
error: command 'gcc-4.2' failed with exit status 1

我可以安装PyAudio 来自 他们的 .dmg 安装程序，但它针对的是 python2.5。如果我将 /Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/ 的所有相关内容复制到 /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/ （这包括 PyAudio-0.2.3-py2.5.egg-info、_portaudio .so、pyaudio.py、pyaudio.pyc 和 pyaudio.pyo）然后我的 python2.6 可以识别它。

In [1]: import pyaudio
Please build and install the PortAudio Python bindings first.
------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<ipython console>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pyaudio.py", line 103, in <module>
    sys.exit(-1)
SystemExit: -1

Type %exit or %quit to exit IPython (%Exit or %Quit do so unconditionally).

In [2]: 

发生这种情况是因为 _portaudio 无法导入。如果我尝试直接导入：

In [2]: import _portaudio
------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<ipython console>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/_portaudio.so: no appropriate 64-bit architecture (see "man python" for running in 32-bit mode)

好的，所以如果我导出 VERSIONER_PYTHON_PREFER_32_BIT=yes 然后再次运行 python（好吧，我想是 ipython），我们可以看到它有效，但会产生后果：

In [1]: import pyaudio

In [2]: pyaudio
Out[2]: <module 'pyaudio' from '/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pyaudio.pyc'>

In [3]: import pylab
------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<ipython console>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/matplotlib-1.0.svn_r8037-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/pylab.py", line 1, in <module>
    from matplotlib.pylab import *
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/matplotlib-1.0.svn_r8037-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/matplotlib/__init__.py", line 129, in <module>
    from rcsetup import defaultParams, validate_backend, validate_toolbar
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/matplotlib-1.0.svn_r8037-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/matplotlib/rcsetup.py", line 19, in <module>
    from matplotlib.colors import is_color_like
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/matplotlib-1.0.svn_r8037-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/matplotlib/colors.py", line 52, in <module>
    import numpy as np
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/numpy-1.4.0.dev7542_20091216-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/numpy/__init__.py", line 130, in <module>
    import add_newdocs
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/numpy-1.4.0.dev7542_20091216-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/numpy/add_newdocs.py", line 9, in <module>
    from lib import add_newdoc
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/numpy-1.4.0.dev7542_20091216-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/numpy/lib/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from type_check import *
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/numpy-1.4.0.dev7542_20091216-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/numpy/lib/type_check.py", line 8, in <module>
    import numpy.core.numeric as _nx
  File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/numpy-1.4.0.dev7542_20091216-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/numpy/core/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    import multiarray
ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/numpy-1.4.0.dev7542_20091216-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/numpy/core/multiarray.so, 2): no suitable image found.  Did find:
    /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/numpy-1.4.0.dev7542_20091216-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/numpy/core/multiarray.so: mach-o, but wrong architecture

我们可以假设 pylab之前工作过！我花了一段时间才完成这一步，但有人可以帮助完成此安装或从成功的 Snow Leopard 安装中提供建议吗？抱歉发了这么长的帖子，但我因只提供部分信息而臭名昭著，我正在努力解决这个问题！

Answer 1

感谢 PyAudio 的作者对我的询问的快速回复，我现在拥有了一个安装良好的副本。他的指示发布在下面，供有类似问题的任何人使用。

嗨迈克尔，

试试这个：

1) 确保您的目录布局是
像：

./foo/pyaudio/portaudio-v19/ ./foo/pyaudio/

2) 从源代码构建 portaudio-v19，
正如你所做的那样

3) cd ./foo/pyaudio/ 4) python
setup.py build --static-link

（请参阅顶部的评论
setup.py 了解更多信息
--静态链接）

如果一切顺利的话，里面
./foo/pyaudio/build/lib.macosx-10.6-.../,
你会发现构建的（胖）对象
包括 i386、ppc 和 x86_64
二进制文件。你也可以做一个“python
setup.py install”如果你愿意的话。

最好，休伯特

Answer 2

我在 Mac 10.5.8 Intel Core 2 duo 上遇到了同样的问题。
您需要的目录布局是

./foo/pyaudio/portaudio-v19/
./foo/pyaudio

原因是 setup.py 有以下内容：
portaudio_path = os.environ.get("PORTAUDIO_PATH", "./portaudio-v19")

或者，您应该能够设置 PORTAUDIO_PATH 环境变量并使其正常工作。