如何使用 Scanner 只接受有效的 int 作为输入

发布于 2024-09-02 15:39:13 字数 403 浏览 7 评论 0原文

我正在努力使一个小程序更加健壮,我需要一些帮助。

Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
int num1;
int num2 = 0;

System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
num1 = kb.nextInt();

while(num2 < num1) {
    System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
    num2 = kb.nextInt();
}
  1. 数字 2 必须大于数字 1

  2. 此外,我希望程序自动检查并忽略用户是否输入字符而不是数字。因为现在当用户输入例如 r 而不是数字时,程序就会退出。

I'm trying to make a small program more robust and I need some help with that.

Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
int num1;
int num2 = 0;

System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
num1 = kb.nextInt();

while(num2 < num1) {
    System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
    num2 = kb.nextInt();
}
  1. Number 2 has to be greater than number 1

  2. Also I want the program to automatically check and ignore if the user enters a character instead of a number. Because right now when a user enters for example r instead of a number the program just exits.

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评论(6

神爱温柔 2024-09-09 15:39:13

使用 Scanner.hasNextInt ()

如果此扫描器输入中的下一个标记可以使用 nextInt() 解释为默认基数中的 int 值,则返回 true方法。扫描仪不会前进超过任何输入。

下面是一个片段来说明:

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
while (!sc.hasNextInt()) sc.next();
int num1 = sc.nextInt();
int num2;
System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
do {
    while (!sc.hasNextInt()) sc.next();
    num2 = sc.nextInt();
} while (num2 < num1);
System.out.println(num1 + " " + num2);

您不必 parseInt 或担心 NumberFormatException。请注意,由于 hasNextXXX 方法不会前进到任何输入,因此如果您想跳过“垃圾”,您可能必须调用 next(),如上所示。

相关问题

Use Scanner.hasNextInt():

Returns true if the next token in this scanner's input can be interpreted as an int value in the default radix using the nextInt() method. The scanner does not advance past any input.

Here's a snippet to illustrate:

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
while (!sc.hasNextInt()) sc.next();
int num1 = sc.nextInt();
int num2;
System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
do {
    while (!sc.hasNextInt()) sc.next();
    num2 = sc.nextInt();
} while (num2 < num1);
System.out.println(num1 + " " + num2);

You don't have to parseInt or worry about NumberFormatException. Note that since the hasNextXXX methods don't advance past any input, you may have to call next() if you want to skip past the "garbage", as shown above.

Related questions

魂归处 2024-09-09 15:39:13
  1. 条件 num2 < num1 应该是 num2 <= num1 如果 num2 必须大于 num1
  2. 不知道 kb 对象是什么,我会读取一个 String 然后尝试ing Integer.parseInt() 如果你没有捕获异常,那么它就是一个数字,如果你这样做了,读取一个新的,也许通过将 num2 设置为 Integer.MIN_VALUE 并使用您的示例中的逻辑类型相同。
  1. the condition num2 < num1 should be num2 <= num1 if num2 has to be greater than num1
  2. not knowing what the kb object is, I'd read a String and then trying Integer.parseInt() and if you don't catch an exception then it's a number, if you do, read a new one, maybe by setting num2 to Integer.MIN_VALUE and using the same type of logic in your example.
意中人 2024-09-09 15:39:13

这应该有效:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String... args) throws Throwable {
        Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);

        int num1;
        System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
        while (true)
            try {
                num1 = Integer.parseInt(kb.nextLine());
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                System.out.print("Try again: ");
            }

        int num2;
        do {
            System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
            while (true)
                try {
                    num2 = Integer.parseInt(kb.nextLine());
                    break;
                } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                    System.out.print("Try again: ");
                }
        } while (num2 < num1);

    }
}

This should work:

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String... args) throws Throwable {
        Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);

        int num1;
        System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
        while (true)
            try {
                num1 = Integer.parseInt(kb.nextLine());
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                System.out.print("Try again: ");
            }

        int num2;
        do {
            System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
            while (true)
                try {
                    num2 = Integer.parseInt(kb.nextLine());
                    break;
                } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                    System.out.print("Try again: ");
                }
        } while (num2 < num1);

    }
}
若能看破又如何 2024-09-09 15:39:13

试试这个:

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^\\d+$");
        Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
        int num1;
        int num2 = 0;
        String temp;
        Matcher numberMatcher;
        System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
        try
        {
            num1 = kb.nextInt();
        }

        catch (java.util.InputMismatchException e)
        {
            System.out.println("Invalid Input");
            //
            return;
        }
        while(num2<num1)
        {
            System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
            temp = kb.next();
            numberMatcher = p.matcher(temp);
            if (numberMatcher.matches())
            {
                num2 = Integer.parseInt(temp);
            }

            else
            {
                System.out.println("Invalid Number");
            }
        }
    }

您也可以尝试将字符串解析为 int ,但通常人们会尝试避免抛出异常。

我所做的是定义了一个定义数字的正则表达式,\d 表示数字。 + 符号表示必须有一个或多个数字。 \d前面多了一个\是因为在java中,\是一个特殊字符,所以要转义。

Try this:

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^\\d+$");
        Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);
        int num1;
        int num2 = 0;
        String temp;
        Matcher numberMatcher;
        System.out.print("Enter number 1: ");
        try
        {
            num1 = kb.nextInt();
        }

        catch (java.util.InputMismatchException e)
        {
            System.out.println("Invalid Input");
            //
            return;
        }
        while(num2<num1)
        {
            System.out.print("Enter number 2: ");
            temp = kb.next();
            numberMatcher = p.matcher(temp);
            if (numberMatcher.matches())
            {
                num2 = Integer.parseInt(temp);
            }

            else
            {
                System.out.println("Invalid Number");
            }
        }
    }

You could try to parse the string into an int as well, but usually people try to avoid throwing exceptions.

What I have done is that I have defined a regular expression that defines a number, \d means a numeric digit. The + sign means that there has to be one or more numeric digits. The extra \ in front of the \d is because in java, the \ is a special character, so it has to be escaped.

那片花海 2024-09-09 15:39:13

我发现 Character.isDigit 完全满足需要,因为输入只是一个符号。
当然,我们没有有关此 kb 对象的任何信息,但以防万一它是 java.util.Scanner 实例,我还建议使用 java.io.InputStreamReader 进行命令行输入。这是一个例子:

java.io.BufferedReader reader = new java.io.BufferedReader(new java.io.InputStreamReader(System.in));
try {
  reader.read();
}
catch(Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
}
reader.close();

I see that Character.isDigit perfectly suits the need, since the input will be just one symbol.
Of course we don't have any info about this kb object but just in case it's a java.util.Scanner instance, I'd also suggest using java.io.InputStreamReader for command line input. Here's an example:

java.io.BufferedReader reader = new java.io.BufferedReader(new java.io.InputStreamReader(System.in));
try {
  reader.read();
}
catch(Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
}
reader.close();
最美的太阳 2024-09-09 15:39:13

您还可以做的是将下一个标记作为字符串, 将此字符串转换为字符数组 并测试 数组中的每个字符都是一个数字

如果您不想处理异常,我认为这是正确的。

What you could do is also to take the next token as a String, converts this string to a char array and test that each character in the array is a digit.

I think that's correct, if you don't want to deal with the exceptions.

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