小计和总计列

Question

在 Visual Foxpro 9 中，我尝试编写带有产品“小计”列和报告“总计”列的 sql。
有效的 sql 代码如下，但是当我插入注释掉的“Case”代码时，我收到的错误似乎随着我更正前面的错误而增加。
谁能告诉我应该在哪里插入“case”以及代码有什么问题吗？

SELECT qItemSaleLines.ItemID, ;
qItems.ItemID, ;
qItemSaleLines.SaleID, ;
qSales.SaleID, ;
qSales.CardRecordID, ;
qCustomers.CardRecordID, ;
qItems.ItemNumber AS ProdCODE, ;
qItems.ItemName AS StkNAME, ;
qCustomers.LastName AS CUSTOMER, ;
qSales.InvoiceNumber AS SaleINVNo,  ;
qSales.InvoiceDate AS SaleDATE, ;
qItemSaleLines.Quantity AS SaleQTY, ;
qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal AS SALE, ;
qItemSaleLines.CostOfGoodsSoldAmount AS COGS, ; 
qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal - qItemSaleLines.CostOfGoodsSoldAmount AS MARGIN, ;
(qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal - qItemSaleLines.CostOfGoodsSoldAmount) *  /        qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal AS MPERCENT ;
FROM qItemSaleLines, qItems, qSales, qCustomers ; 
WHERE qSales.CardRecordID = qCustomers.CardRecordID AND qItemSaleLines.SaleID =    qSales.SaleID AND ;
qItemSaleLines.ItemID = qItems.ItemID AND qSales.InvoiceDate > {^2009-06-30} ;
ORDER BY qItems.ItemNumber, qSales.InvoiceDate ;


*!* (SELECT qItems.ItemID, qItemSaleLines.ItemID, qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal, ; 
*!*         CASE WHEN qItems.ItemID = (SELECT TOP 1 qItems.ItemID FROM   qItems.ItemID, ;
*!*             WHERE qItems.ItemID = qItemSaleLines.ItemID, ;
*!*             ORDER BY qItems.ItemID desc), ;
*!*         THEN (SELECT SUM(qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal) FROM qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal,; 
*!*             WHERE qItems.ItemID <= qItemSaleLines.ItemID AND qItems.ItemID = qItemSaleLines.ItemID, ; 
*!*         ELSE ' ' END AS 'PROD-SALE'), ;
*!*     CASE WHEN qItems.ItemID = (SELECT TOP 1 qItems.ItemID FROM qItems.ItemID, ; 
*!*             ORDER BY qItems.ItemID desc), ;
*!*     THEN (SELECT SUM(qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal) FROM qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal, ;
*!*         ELSE ' ' END AS 'Grand Total') ;

Answer 1

此外，如果您只想将总计作为表中的列，则可以执行类似的操作，

select ;
       Tbl.YourColumns,;
       PerItem.TotalPerItem,;
       RptTotal.TotalPerAll;
   from ;
       YourOtherTables Tbl,;
       ( select YourSalesTable.ItemID,;
                sum( CalculatedSales ) as TotalPerItem;
             From;
                YourSalesTable;
             Group by ;
                ItemID ) PerItem,;
       ( select sum( CalculatedSales ) as TotalPerAll;
             From ;
                YourTalesTable ) RptTotal;
   where ;
       YourOtherJoinConditions;
      AND YourOtherTables.ItemID = PerItem.ItemID;
   order by ;
       whatever;
   into ;
       cursor YourReportResults

因为最后 2 个表（按 itemID 分组）将创建每个项目的总计。通过将最终的 where 仅连接到别名 PerItem 的 ItemID，您将获得该列的总数。但是，由于别名 RptTotal 上没有连接，您将得到笛卡尔连接...但由于它始终有 1 条记录，因此每行将具有与其“TotalPerAll”列相同的值。

我希望这两个解决方案能够满足您的需求。

Answer 2

首先，VFP 不支持字段级别的 case-when 构造。此外，您在字段级别的子选择在 from 表之后、where 之前、where 子句之后、order 之前有逗号...例如，

select * from MyTable, where SomeCondition, Order by ...

如果执行 VFP 报告，则无需手动添加行将您的组添加到原始数据中，这应该在报告本身中通过数据分组来完成，并将您的 ItemID 添加为组的基础。然后将“可求和”列复制/粘贴到每个项目的报告的组页脚区域中。双击该字段，并进行计算，告诉它 sum()，并在每个组的末尾重置（即：ItemID）。然后，包括一个报告摘要区域。这将为整个报告打印一次...与项目级别的摘要项目一样，再次复制/粘贴，但放入报告摘要区域中。双击这些元素进行 sum() 并在报告结束时重置。

但是，由于您在 VFP9 中运行，并且您可能希望转储数据以及已包含在各自位置中的行，因此我将分成单独的查询并将结果合并在一起，如下所示。预先提取报表数据的行项目支持，无需任何必要的聚合。

SELECT ;
        qItemSaleLines.ItemID, ; 
        qItemSaleLines.SaleID, ; 
        qCustomers.CardRecordID, ; 
        qItems.ItemNumber AS ProdCODE, ; 
        qItems.ItemName AS StkNAME, ; 
        qCustomers.LastName AS CUSTOMER, ; 
        qSales.InvoiceNumber AS SaleINVNo,  ; 
        qSales.InvoiceDate AS SaleDATE, ; 
        qItemSaleLines.Quantity AS SaleQTY, ; 
        qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal AS SALE, ; 
        qItemSaleLines.CostOfGoodsSoldAmount AS COGS, ;  
        qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal - qItemSaleLines.CostOfGoodsSoldAmount AS MARGIN, ; 
        (qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal - qItemSaleLines.CostOfGoodsSoldAmount) / qItemSaleLines.TaxExclusiveTotal AS MPERCENT, ;
        "1" as TierLevel,;
        "1" as SubTier,;
        SPACE(50) as GroupCaption; 
    FROM ;
        qSales, ;
        qCustomers, ;  
        qItemSaleLines, ;
        qItems, ;
    WHERE ;
            qSales.CardRecordID = qCustomers.CardRecordID ;
        AND qSales.SaleID = qItemSaleLines.SaleID ;
        AND qItemSaleLines.ItemID = qItems.ItemID ;
        AND qSales.InvoiceDate > {^2009-06-30} ; 
    ORDER BY ;
        qItems.ItemNumber, ;
        qSales.InvoiceDate ; 
    INTO ;
        CURSOR C_TmpAllLineItemResults READWRITE 

*/ NOW, get your individual "ITEM GROUP" totals from ABOVE results...
SELECT ;
        TR.ItemID, ; 
        TR.ItemNumber AS ProdCODE, ; 
        TR.ItemName AS StkNAME, ; 
        "1" as TierLevel,;
        "2" as SubTier,;
        "Subtotal by " + TR.ItemNumber as GroupCaption; 
        SUM( TR.SaleQty ) as SaleQty,;
        SUM( TR.Sale ) as Sale,;
    FROM ;
        C_TmpAllLineItemResults TR;
    GROUP BY ;
        1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
    ORDER BY ;
        1;
    INTO ;
        CURSOR C_SubTotalPerItem READWRITE 


*/ NOW, get your REPORT totals from ABOVE results...
SELECT ;
        "2" as TierLevel,;
        "Report Totals " as GroupCaption; 
        SUM( STBI.SaleQty ) as SaleQty,;
        SUM( STBI.Sale ) as Sale,;
    FROM ;
        C_SubTotalPerItem STBI;
    GROUP BY ;
        1, 2;
    INTO ;
        CURSOR C_ReportTotals READWRITE 

*/ Finally, merge them together... since the append from will add records with matching columns,
*/ even though a subtotal cursor doesn't have all the same columns, VFP doesn't care, just 
*/ adds for columns that DO match the table its going into.
SELECT C_TmpAllLineItemResults
APPEND FROM DBF( "C_SubTotalPerItem" )
APPEND FROM DBF( "C_ReportTotals" )

*/ Now, they are all merged... Finally, build an index for your report
INDEX on TierLevel + ItemID + SubTier TAG RptOrder

*/ Now, browse / review the order and adjust as needed...