C 程序中的 Union 问题
我正在开发一个使用 Union 的 C 程序。联合定义位于 FILE_A 头文件中,如下所示...
// FILE_A.h****************************************************
xdata union
{
long position;
char bytes[4];
}CurrentPosition;
如果我在 FILE_A.c 中设置 CurrentPosition.position 的值,然后调用 FILE_B.c 中使用联合的函数,联合中的数据将返回到零。下面对此进行了演示。
// FILE_A.c****************************************************
int main.c(void)
{
CurrentPosition.position = 12345;
SomeFunctionInFileB();
}
// FILE_B.c****************************************************
void SomeFunctionInFileB(void)
{
// After the following lines execute I see all zeros in the flash memory.
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[0];
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[1];
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[2];
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[3];
}
现在,如果我将 long 传递给 SomeFunctionInFileB(long temp) ,然后将其存储到该函数内的 CurrentPosition.bytes 中,最后调用 WriteBytesToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[n]... 它工作得很好。
看起来好像 CurrentPosition Union 不是全局的,所以我尝试更改头文件中的 union 定义以包含这样的 extern 关键字...
extern xdata union
{
long position;
char bytes[4];
}CurrentPosition;
然后将其放入源(.c)文件中...
xdata union
{
long position;
char bytes[4];
}CurrentPosition;
但这会导致编译错误:
C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\AgosRot\MotionControl.c:76:错误 91:“CurrentPosition”的外部定义与声明不匹配。 C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\AgosRot\/MotionControl.h:48: 错误 177: 先前在此处定义
那么我做错了什么?如何使工会全球化?
I am working on a C program that uses a Union. The union definition is in FILE_A header file and looks like this...
// FILE_A.h****************************************************
xdata union
{
long position;
char bytes[4];
}CurrentPosition;
If I set the value of CurrentPosition.position in FILE_A.c and then call a function in FILE_B.c that uses the union, the data in the union is back to Zero. This is demonstrated below.
// FILE_A.c****************************************************
int main.c(void)
{
CurrentPosition.position = 12345;
SomeFunctionInFileB();
}
// FILE_B.c****************************************************
void SomeFunctionInFileB(void)
{
// After the following lines execute I see all zeros in the flash memory.
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[0];
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[1];
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[2];
WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[3];
}
Now, If I pass a long to SomeFunctionInFileB(long temp) and then store it into CurrentPosition.bytes within that function, and finally call WriteBytesToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[n]... it works just fine.
It appears as though the CurrentPosition Union is not global. So I tried changing the union definition in the header file to include the extern keyword like this...
extern xdata union
{
long position;
char bytes[4];
}CurrentPosition;
and then putting this in the source (.c) file...
xdata union
{
long position;
char bytes[4];
}CurrentPosition;
but this causes a compile error that says:
C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\AgosRot\MotionControl.c:76: error 91: extern definition for 'CurrentPosition' mismatches with declaration.
C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\AgosRot\/MotionControl.h:48: error 177: previously defined here
So what am I doing wrong? How do I make the union global?
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评论(4)
FILE_A.h
真的是MotionControl.h
吗?如果是这样,我认为解决方法是在标头中定义联合类型:并在头文件中的其他位置声明该类型的全局变量(可能是同一个):
最后在 C 文件中定义全局变量恰好一次。也许在
file_a.c
中:当然,更好的解决方法可能是将要写入闪存的
xdata
变量传递给SomeFunctionInFileB()
因此您不必依赖全局变量,众所周知,如果不非常非常小心地使用全局变量,就会出现问题。似乎没有充分的理由不将数据作为参数传递:并像这样调用它:
Is
FILE_A.h
reallyMotionControl.h
? If so I think the fix is to define a union type in the header:And declare a global variable of that type elsewhere in a header file (maybe the same one):
Finally define the global variable in a C file exactly once. Maybe in
file_a.c
:Of course a better fix might be to pass the
xdata
variable you want to write out to flash toSomeFunctionInFileB()
so you don't have to depend on a global variable, which are well known to be problematic when not very, very carefully used. And there seems to be no good reason to not pass the data as a parameter:And call it like so:
理想情况下,您需要联合的 typedef 和 FILE_A.h 中的外部声明以及 FILE_A.c 中联合的实际定义。
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Ideally you need a typedef for the union and an extern declaration in FILE_A.h and the actual definition of the union in FILE_A.c.
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您尚未实例化联合。
你需要:
You haven't instantiated the union.
You need :
如果
sizeof(long)
不是 4,那么字节序就会发挥作用......考虑
If
sizeof(long)
is not 4, then endianess comes into play...consider