Applescript：清理字符串

Question

我有这个字符串，其中包含我想要删除的非法字符，但我不知道可能存在哪种字符。

我构建了一个我不想被过滤的字符列表，并构建了这个脚本（来自我在网络上找到的另一个脚本）。

on clean_string(TheString)
    --Store the current TIDs. To be polite to other scripts.
    set previousDelimiter to AppleScript's text item delimiters
    set potentialName to TheString
    set legalName to {}
    set legalCharacters to {"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", 
"g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r",
"s", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E",
 "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R",
 "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5",
 "6", "7", "8", "9", "0", "?", "+", "-", "Ç", "ç", "á", "Á", "é",
 "É", "í", "Í", "ó", "Ó", "ú", "Ú", "â", "Â", "ã", "Ã", "ñ", "Ñ",
 "õ", "Õ", "à", "À", "è", "È", "ü", "Ü", "ö", "Ö", "!", "$", "%",
 "/", "(", ")", "&", "€", "#", "@", "=", "*", "+", "-", ",", ".",
 "–", "_", " ", ":", ";", ASCII character 10, ASCII character 13}

    --Whatever you want to eliminate.
    --Now iterate through the characters checking them.
    repeat with thisCharacter in the characters of potentialName
        set thisCharacter to thisCharacter as text
        if thisCharacter is in legalCharacters then
            set the end of legalName to thisCharacter
            log (legalName as string)

        end if
    end repeat
    --Make sure that you set the TIDs before making the
    --list of characters into a string.
    set AppleScript's text item delimiters to ""
    --Check the name's length.
    if length of legalName is greater than 32 then
        set legalName to items 1 thru 32 of legalName as text
    else
        set legalName to legalName as text
    end if
    --Restore the current TIDs. To be polite to other scripts.
    set AppleScript's text item delimiters to previousDelimiter
    return legalName
end clean_string

问题是这个脚本非常慢并且让我超时。

我正在做的是逐个字符检查并与 legalCharacters 列表进行比较。如果人物有的话就好了。如果没有，请忽略。

有没有一种快速的方法可以做到这一点？

像

“查看 TheString 的每个字符并删除那些不在 legalCharacters 上的字符”

之类的东西？

感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

您遇到了哪些非 ASCII 字符？你的文件编码是什么？

使用 shell 脚本和 tr、sed 或 perl 来处理文本要高效得多。 OS X 中默认安装了所有语言。

您可以使用带有 tr 的 shell 脚本（如下例所示）来去除回车符，也可以使用 sed 来去除空格（不在下面的示例中）：

set clean_text to do shell script "echo " & quoted form of the_string & "| tr -d '\\r\\n' "

技术说明 TN2065：在 AppleScript 中执行 shell 脚本

或者，使用 Perl，这将剥离非- 打印字符：

set x to quoted form of "Sample text. smdm#$%%&"
set y to do shell script "echo " & x & " | perl -pe 's/[^[:alnum:]|[:space:]]//g'"

在 SO 中搜索其他使用 tr、sed 和 perl 通过 Applescript 处理文本的示例。或者搜索 MacScripter / AppleScript |论坛

Answer 2

另一种 Shell 脚本方法可能是：

set clean_text to do shell script "echo " & quoted form of the_string & "|sed \"s/[^[:alnum:][:space:]]//g\""

使用 sed 删除所有非字母数字字符或空格的内容。更多正则表达式参考此处

Answer 3

Applescript 中的迭代总是很慢，并且确实没有更快的方法来解决这些问题。循环登录绝对是减慢速度的有效方法。明智地使用 log 命令。

但是，在您的特定情况下，您有长度限制，并且将长度检查移动到重复循环中可能会大大缩短处理时间（无论文本长度如何，在脚本调试器中运行只需不到一秒）：

    on clean_string(TheString)
     set potentialName to TheString
     set legalName to {}
     set legalCharacters to {"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0", "?", "+", "-", "Ç", "ç", "á", "Á", "é", "É", "í", "Í", "ó", "Ó", "ú", "Ú", "â", "Â", "ã", "Ã", "ñ", "Ñ", "õ", "Õ", "à", "À", "è", "È", "ü", "Ü", "ö", "Ö", "!", "$", "%", "/", "(", ")", "&", "€", "#", "@", "=", "*", "+", "-", ",", ".", "–", "_", " ", ":", ";", ASCII character 10, ASCII character 13}
 with timeout of 86400 seconds --86400 seconds = 24 hours

     repeat with thisCharacter in the characters of potentialName
      set thisCharacter to thisCharacter as text
      if thisCharacter is in legalCharacters then
       set the end of legalName to thisCharacter
       if length of legalName is greater than 32 then
        return legalName as text
       end if
      end if
     end repeat
 end timeout
     return legalName as text
    end clean_string

Answer 4

BBEdit 或 TextWrangler 在这方面会快得多。下载 TextWrangler（免费），然后打开文件并运行 Text ->;扎普·小魔怪……就在上面。这能满足您的需要吗？如果是的话，喝杯冷饮庆祝一下。如果没有，请尝试 BBEdit（它不是免费的）并根据需要创建一个具有尽可能多的“全部替换”条件的新文本工厂，然后打开文件并在其上运行文本工厂。